Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Functional Results and Position of Intraocular Lens after Femtolaser-Assisted and Standard Cataract Phacoemulsification

Modern surgical treatment of cataracts provides effective results. The study of the position of the intraocular lens (IOL) in the capsule bag can be considered as one of the most important factors influencing the final visual and refractive result of the operation.Aim: comparative analysis of clinical and functional results and position of the IOL in the capsular bag, namely decentration and tilt, when performing femtolazer-assisted phacoemulsification (FLACS) and standard phacoemulsification (CPCS). Materials and methods. We surveyed 57 patients (57 eyes). FLACS was performed in 27 patients, CPCS – in 30 patients. Standard methods of research were used, determination of the position of the IOL (decentration and tilt) in the capsular bag on the device OCT-Casia2 (TOMEY, Germany) and study of wave front were conducted.Results. Comparative analysis of the obtained results showed no significant difference between groups in postoperative visual acuity, however, there was the trend towards higher performance corrected distance visual acuity and uncorrected distance in the group FLACS (0.68 ± 0.18 and 0.74 ± 0.2) compared to the group CPCS (0.58 ± 0.28 and 0.65 ± 0.24). Internal higher order aberrations were significantly low in the group with femtolazer accompaniment: in 3 mm zone almost 2 times (p = 0.041), in 5 mm zone 1.3 times (p = 0.047). Vertical decentration in a CPCS group made 0.217 ± 0.26 mm, in FLACS group – 0.118 ± 0.05 mm, the vertical tilt – 0.75 ± 0.37° and 0.54 ± 0.36 respectively. Conclusion. Decentralizations and IOL tilt tended to lower indices in the FLACS during the observation period up to 2 months after the operation, which was accompanied by lower values of higher order internal aberrations

Tissue distribution of potential antidiabetic agent C7070

C7070 is a novel imidazoline receptors agonist for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The study was included 12 male Wistar rats. The C7070 concentration was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detectio

Experimental study of intrinsic multiple Andreev reflections effect in GdO(F)FeAs superconductor array junctions

We report the first observation of the intrinsic multiple Andreev reflections effect (IMARE) in S-n-S-...-S-arrays (S = superconductor, n = normal metal) formed by "break-junction" technique in GdO(F)FeAs superconductor (Tc = 48 - 53 K). We show that superconducting gap peculiarities at dI/dV-spectra sharpen dramatically in the arrays as compared with that in the single-contact spectra; this enables to improve significantly accuracy of the bulk superconducting parameters determination. Using IMARE, we determined the large and the small gap values \Delta_L = 11 +- 1.1 meV and \Delta_S = 2.6 +- 0.4 meV. The BCS-ratio 2\Delta_L/kTc^{local} = 5.0 - 5.9 > 3.52 (Tc^{local} is the contact area critical temperature) evidences for a strong electron-boson coupling. The results obtained agree well with our previous data by Andreev spectroscopy for single SnS-contacts.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Investigation of the reactivity of AlCl3 and CoCl2 toward molten alkali-metal nitrates in order to synthesize CoAl2O4

Cobalt aluminate CoAl2O4 powder, constituted of nano-sized crystallites, is prepared, involving the reactivity of AlCl3 and CoCl2 with molten alkali-metal nitrates. The reaction at 450 °C for 2 h leads to a mixture of spinel oxide Co3O4 and amorphous γ-Al2O3. It is transformed into the spinel oxide CoAl2O4 by heating at 1000 °C. The powders are mainly characterized by XRD, FTIR, ICP, electron microscopy and diffraction, X-EDS and diffuse reflection. Their properties are compared to those of powders obtained by solid state reactions of a mechanical mixture of chlorides or oxides submitted to the same thermal treatment

Predictive model of small choroidal melanoma progression after eye-saving treatment based on clinical, morphometric and immunological parameters

Choroidal melanoma is a malignant tumor characterized by early metastasis and poor vital prognosis. Prognostic indexes for the tumor development are of importance, depending on various factors and making it possible to optimize therapeutic measures. Usage of present models for prediction of the uveal melanoma course enables optimal management of the patients with a malignant tumor upon primary admission, and to perform maximally efficient counseling. So far, however, a complex of clinical, morphometric and immunological indexes predictive for unfavorable course of initial choroidal melanoma following the eye-saving treatment remains not fully determined. Our purpose was to create a prognostic model for initial choroidal melanoma after eye-saving treatment, basing on clinical, morphometric and immunological parameters.We have performed examination and treatment of 31 patients with small choroidal melanoma (53.7 to 12.2 years old). To perform the analysis, we used clinical data (age, decreased vision, tumor localization, degree of pigmentation, presence of hemorrhages, orange pigmentation), morphometric indexes (intra- and subretinal exudate and disorganization of pigment of the retinal epithelium) and immunological parameters (serum levels of pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, proliferative, metastasis-causing cytokines). Selection of variables for this model was based on assessment of significant differences between the groups with chorio-retinal scar (n = 14) and residual tumor and/or continued tumor growth (n = 17).Multivariate analysis with conditional exclusion of variables revealed prognostic significance with four markers: morphometric, i.e., disorganization of the pigment in retinal pigment epithelium – Z1 (rs = 0.455); immunological, increased blood serum concentration of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) – Z2 (rs = 0.377); level of pro-inflammatory chemokine RANTES – Z3 (rs = 0.362), content of transforming growth factor (TGF-2â) – Z4 (rs = 0.431). A formula was calculated where P (z) is the value of the logistic function; Z, linear combination of symptoms; bo , intercept (free term), bi – regression coefficients for parameters Zi.P (z) = 1 : 1 + e – b0– b1z1– b2z2– b3z3– b4z4The logistic function increases monotonically and takes the values from 0 to 1 for any b and Z values [P∈ (0;1)]. If P (Z) is under the cutoff value, chorioretinal scar prognosis is predicted, at the higher values, a residual tumor or continued growth is expected. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve with this model was 0.891±0.11, thus providing good predictive quality.Usage of the predictive model is a possible solution for planning and correcting treatment strategy in the patients with small choroidal melanoma, in order to minimize complications and errors, and to ensure control of treatment

Features of Formation and Development of Innovation Centers Generate

Russia entered the new millennium with the hope to build an updated state with a competitive economy. Today, competitive advantage is determined by either the size of the country, nor the level of reserves of natural resources, or even the power of financial capital. It is obvious that in the coming years will thrive on those States that provide the most complete manifestation of the professional skills and talents of its citizens will be able to excel in the development of new knowledge and practical achievements, transforming them into the most advanced technologies and products. For this is supposed to use market mechanisms to ensure a quick update, implementation and wide dissemination of advanced technologies, increasing production of competitive products in the world market. The basis of structural changes is the state innovation strategy and an active scientific and technical policy of firms and regions, focused on promoting the development of advanced research and technology breakthroughs. Scientific and technical progress affects the scope and structure of production has a significant impact on the entire world economy. Keywords: Innovation, innovative development JEL Classifications: О31, O33, P1

Обґрунтування доцільності мокрої очистки газопилових викидів на шахтній котельні

Ковров, О. С. Обґрунтування доцільності мокрої очистки газопилових викидів на шахтній котельні = Justification of the expediency of gas and dust emissions wet cleaning at coal-mine boiler house / О. С. Ковров, Д. В. Кулікова, З. Л. Сушко // Зб. наук. пр. НУК. – Миколаїв : НУК, 2020. – № 1 (479). – С. 122–129.Анотація. Мета. Мета дослідження полягає в обґрунтуванні доцільності мокрої очистки газопилових викидів на шахтній котельні та прогнозній оцінці ефективності впровадження порожнистого скрубера залежно від технологічних параметрів процесу газоочистки та розміру частинок пилу. Методика. У статті використано методику розрахунку фракційної й загальної ефективності аерозольних скруберів Агенції з охорони навколишнього середовища США, яка широко використовується в американських університетах та інжинірингових компаніях. Об’єктом дослідження є ефективність мокрої очистки газопилових викидів. Предметом дослідження є ефективність уловлювання твердих часток пилу аерозольним скрубером. Результати. Виконано розрахунок фракційної ефективності порожнистого аерозольного скрубера залежно від технологічних параметрів процесу газоочистки та розміру частинок пилу для технологічних умов промислової котельні ВП «Шахта «Україна» Державного підприємства «Селидіввугілля». Наукова новизна. Встановлено, що порожнистий скрубер уловлює дрібнодисперсні частки пилу розміром більше 5 мкм, а частки 3 мкм становлять критичний розмір для таких технологічних умов. Уловлювання пилу зростає зі збільшенням його щільності. З огляду на те, що щільність пилу становить близько ρp = 1,5 г/см3, частки розміром 5 мкм уловлюються з ефективністю ηзаг = 99,98 %, а для часток 3 мкм ηзаг = 88,39 % відповідно. Практична значимість. Для технологічних умов котельні шахти «Україна» достатні витрати зрошувальної рідини для задовільної очистки газів від пилу становитимуть QL/QG = 1л/м3, а обсяги утворення промивних стічних вод становитимуть Qст = 22,25 м3/год. З урахуванням фракційної ефективності скрубера залежно від витрат зрошувальної рідини та щільності часток можна припустити, що максимальне уловлювання дрібнодисперсного пилу можливе для фракцій dp ≥ 5 мкм.Abstract. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of gas and dust emissions wet cleaning application at the coal mine boiler room and predictive assessment of the aerosol scrubber efficiency depending on the technological parameters of the gas purification process and the size of dust particles. Method. The paper deals with the method of calculation of fractional and overall efficiency for aerosol scrubbers proposed by US Environmental Protection Agency that is widely used in American universities and engineering companies. The object of the study is the effectiveness of wet cleaning of dust and gas emissions. The subject of the study is the efficiency of trapping solid dust particles in the aerosol scrubber. Results. The fractional efficiency of the hollow aerosol scrubber was calculated depending on the technological parameters of the gas purification process and the size of the dust particles for the technological conditions of the industrial boiler room of the coal mine “Ukraina” of the Public Enterprise “Selidivvugillya”. Scientific novelty. It is established that the hollow aerosol scrubber picks up fine particles of dust larger than 5 μm in size, and particles of 3 μm are critical size for these technological conditions. Dust capture increases with increasing density. Taking into consideration that the dust density is about ρp = 1.5 g/cm3, the particles with size of 5 μm are captured with overall efficiency ηtot = 99.98 %, and for particles 3 μm ηtot = 88.39 % respectively. Practical importance. For the technological conditions of the boiler house of coal mine “Ukraina” the sufficient amount of irrigation fluid for satisfactory washing of gases from dust will make QL/QG = 1 l/m3, and the amount of wastewaters will make Qst = 22,25 m3/h. Taking into consideration the fractional efficiency of the scrubber, depending on the irrigation fluid flow rate and the particle density, it is assumed that the maximum trapping of fine dust particles is possible for fractions dp ≥ 5 μm

Subanesthetic ketamine treatment promotes abnormal interactions between neural subsystems and alters the properties of functional brain networks

Acute treatment with subanesthetic ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is widely utilized as a translational model for schizophrenia. However, how acute NMDA receptor blockade impacts on brain functioning at a systems level, to elicit translationally relevant symptomatology and behavioral deficits, has not yet been determined. Here, for the first time, we apply established and recently validated topological measures from network science to brain imaging data gained from ketamine-treated mice to elucidate how acute NMDA receptor blockade impacts on the properties of functional brain networks. We show that the effects of acute ketamine treatment on the global properties of these networks are divergent from those widely reported in schizophrenia. Where acute NMDA receptor blockade promotes hyperconnectivity in functional brain networks, pronounced dysconnectivity is found in schizophrenia. We also show that acute ketamine treatment increases the connectivity and importance of prefrontal and thalamic brain regions in brain networks, a finding also divergent to alterations seen in schizophrenia. In addition, we characterize how ketamine impacts on bipartite functional interactions between neural subsystems. A key feature includes the enhancement of prefrontal cortex (PFC)-neuromodulatory subsystem connectivity in ketamine-treated animals, a finding consistent with the known effects of ketamine on PFC neurotransmitter levels. Overall, our data suggest that, at a systems level, acute ketamine-induced alterations in brain network connectivity do not parallel those seen in chronic schizophrenia. Hence, the mechanisms through which acute ketamine treatment induces translationally relevant symptomatology may differ from those in chronic schizophrenia. Future effort should therefore be dedicated to resolve the conflicting observations between this putative translational model and schizophrenia