1,559 research outputs found
Neutrino induced transitions between the ground states of the A=12 triad
Neutrino induced reactions on C, an ingredient of liquid
scintillators, have been studied in several experiments. We show that for
currently available neutrino energies, 300 MeV, calculated
exclusive cross sections CN for both muon
and electron neutrinos are essentially model independent, provided the
calculations simultaneously describe the rates of several other reactions
involving the same states or their isobar analogs. The calculations agree well
with the measured cross sections, which can be therefore used to check the
normalization of the incident neutrino spectrum and the efficiency of the
detector.Comment: 9 pages REVTEX, 2 postscript figures, text and figures available at
http://www.krl.caltech.edu/preprints/MAP.htm
Signal for supernova and neutrinos in water \v{C}erenkov detectors
We suggest that photons with energies between 5 and 10 MeV, generated by the
() and () reactions on O, constitute a
signal which allows a unique identification of supernova and
neutrinos in water \v{C}erenkov detectors. We calculate the yield of
such events and estimate that a few hundred of them would be detected
in Superkamiokande for a supernova at 10 kpc distance.Comment: 8 pages, RevTex 3.0, figures and text available at
http://www.krl.caltech.edu/preprints/MAP.htm
Foundation Grouting for the Forks of Butte Powerhouse
Construction of a powerhouse on unconsolidated landslide debris materials at the edge of a stream channel in a narrow, steep-sided canyon in northern California entailed application of an unusual combination of grouting techniques to protect the foundation during peak flows. These techniques included permeation grouting, displacement grouting, compaction grouting, and controlled hydrofracture grouting
The effects of charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) on galaxy shape measurements
(Abridged) We examine the effects of charge transfer inefficiency (CTI)
during CCD readout on galaxy shape measurements required by studies of weak
gravitational lensing. We simulate a CCD readout with CTI such as that caused
by charged particle radiation damage. We verify our simulations on data from
laboratory-irradiated CCDs. Only charge traps with time constants of the same
order as the time between row transfers during readout affect galaxy shape
measurements. We characterize the effects of CTI on various galaxy populations.
We baseline our study around p-channel CCDs that have been shown to have charge
transfer efficiency up to an order of magnitude better than several models of
n-channel CCDs designed for space applications. We predict that for galaxies
furthest from the readout registers, bias in the measurement of galaxy shapes,
Delta(e), will increase at a rate of 2.65 +/- 0.02 x 10^(-4) per year at L2 for
accumulated radiation exposure averaged over the solar cycle. If uncorrected,
this will consume the entire shape measurement error budget of a dark energy
mission within about 4 years. Software mitigation techniques demonstrated
elsewhere can reduce this by a factor of ~10, bringing the effect well below
mission requirements. CCDs with higher CTI than the ones we studeied may not
meet the requirements of future dark energy missions. We discuss ways in which
hardware could be designed to further minimize the impact of CTI.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in PAS
Weak and Electromagnetic Nuclear Decay Signatures for Neutrino Reactions in SuperKamiokande
We suggest the study of events in the SuperKamiokande neutrino data due to
charged- and neutral-current neutrino reactions followed by weak and/or
electromagnetic decays of struck nuclei and fragments thereof. This study could
improve the prospects of obtaining evidence for production from oscillations and could augment the data sample used to disfavor
oscillations.Comment: 7 pages, latex, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
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