The Political Postulates Constructed in the Epic Perunkathai

During Sangam era, petty kings those who were ruling small territories or emperors who conquered many countries and built empires have followed monarchy. This was told in verses of Purananuru (400 heroic poems about kings). It said that, kingdom is hereditary; after a king, only his son has the right to rule his empire. Elderly son takes the crown and his siblings govern and support him in ruling the kingdom. The eldest one who got the right to rule differ themselves according to their mind-set. It will be a burden for those who just depend on tax collection from the people of his kingdom. Whereas it will be as easy as carrying a weight less cork for those who has nobility and excellence. Similarly, an epic King named Udhayanan, who has the right and qualities of a King was crowned by his uncle Vikkiran to rule Vaishali in his young age. This article researches and analyses the political ethics of King Udhayanan through the Tamil poem Perungathai (A Tamil poem that portraits history of King Udhayaṇan)

Unique case of inverted papilloma of septum with nasopharyngeal carcinoma:Is it a metachronous tumour?

Inverted papilloma is a rare and benign tumour. It affects the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, has a high rate of recurrence and is associated with malignant transformation. Only few cases of a poorly differentiated carcinoma arising from inverted papilloma have been reported, none of which in the nasopharynx. We report a case of a 37-year-old female, who presented originally in 2012 with inverted papilloma of the nasal septum which was surgically resected. Nasopharyngeal biopsy from 2014 was reported as carcinoma in situ and treated with local endoscopic resection. Three years later she presented with a solitary lesion of the right Eustachian tube opening, confirmed as invasive poorly differentiated carcinoma. Imaging revealed T4 N2b M0 malignancy with skull base and prevertebral space invasion, likely extension into right temporal lobe and malignant adenopathy. Although rare, malignant transformation of inverted papilloma in unusual places should be considered during workup and monitoring of patients

Heavy landings of bigeye and pinjalo snappers at Chennai Fisheries Harbour

Among the major perches landed at Chennai Fisheries Harbour, snappers and rock cods formed dominant groups followed by pigface breams. Among snappers, more than 15 species were recorded at Chennai Fisheries Harbour during 2009 (Table 1). In trawlnet, Lutjanus lutjanus (29.9%) formed the dominant catch followed by L. rivulatus and L. malabaricus. In mechanised gillnet, L. rivulatus (33.7%) formed the major catch followed by L. malabaricus and Pinjalo pinjalo. In hooks and line, L. rivulatus (34.4%) formed the major catch followed by L. lutjanus, L. malabaricus and L. argentimaculatus. The other lutjanids landed were Aphareus rutilans, Aprion virescens and Pristipomoides filamentosus. Lutjanus lutjanus was landed throughout the year by trawl nets. Unusually heavy catch of big eye snapper (L. lutjanus) was landed, about 8.5 t, 3.2 t, and 2 t by multiday thangal trawlers during July, August and September, 2009, respectivel

Unusual heavy landing of billfishes at Chennai

Billfishes are regularly landed by mechanised gillnets and hooks and line at Chennai Fisheries Harbour. An estimated catch of 65 t, 80 t, and 60 t of billfishes were landed by mechanised gillnets during July, August and September 2010 respectively. On 24.06.2010, about 5 t of billfishes were landed unusually by mechanised gillnets operated at a depth of 50-60 m in the north-east direction

Heavy landing of tomato hind Cephalopholis sonnerati (Valenciennes, 1828) at Chennai

Heavy landing of the tomato hind, Cephalopholis sonnerati (Valenciennes, 1828), locally called ‘thakkali kalava’ or ‘sivappu kalava’ (Fig.1), was recorded at Chennai Kasimedu Fisheries Harbour in July 2008 and August 2009

First record of the chimaeroid, Rhinochimaera atlantica at Kasimedu Fisheries Harbour, Chennai

Bumper landings of skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis was observed at Visakhapatnam Fishing Harbour on 28th October 2011, wherein about 42 t were landed by hooks and line

Indigenous trawl operations during fishing ban period in Chennai

North Chennai is a major centre for mechanised fishing with approximately 1200 fishing units. Generally during the fishing ban period, the fishermen from these units either sit idle or enroll as labourers for fishing in permitted traditional fishing units. But during the mechanised fishing ban period in 2017, some of the fishers in North Chennai started mini trawl operations to tide over their lean period. The size of the trawl net was 15 m in length and cod end mesh size of 24 mm

Occurrence of a bisexual strain of the Brine shrimp Artemia

The importance of the brine shrimp, Artemia in larviculture was recognised for the first time when Scale (1933, Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.. 63 : 129-130) described the value of the nauplii of Artemia as an ideal food for fish fry. Later several investigators found that the freshly hatched nauplii of the brine shrimp are the most suitable and also very convenient food for the early larval stages of various species of fishes and crustaceans

Devil ray Manta birostris landed at Chennai Fishing Harbour

Female devil ray Manta birostris measuring 5.2 m in width, 2.1 m in length, weighing 1050 kg. was landed at Chennai fishing harbour by a mechanised gill net. The devil ray has been reported on 23 occasions along the Indian coast. The landings were mainly during March and April. The devil rays M. birostris were caught mainly by gill net. Maximum number was landed at Tuticorin

Effect Of 12 Weeks Yoga Training And 12 Weeks Detraining on Blood Pressure Subjects with Hypertension

Background: Hypertension, an early predictor of cardiovascular disease can be prevented by healthy lifestyle modification. Stress-induced disorders such as hypertension can be effectively managed with the holistic science of yoga. Objective: In hypertensive individuals who are receiving routine treatment, we investigated the effects of yoga training for 12 weeks and compare as well as analyze these parameters at the end of yoga training (12th week) and after 12 weeks of follow-up with hypertensive on regular treatment (non-yoga group). Materials and methods: The study involved randomly assigned 124 hypertensive subjects to either experimental or control groups where N=65, and the yoga groups where n=61 between age of 25 to 45 years were included. In both the yoga group and the control group, heart rates (HR), Systolic Blood Pressures (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressures (DBP), Pulse Pressures (PP), Mean Arterial Pressures (MAPs), and mean arterial pressure products were recorded before, after, and during the study period. Results: The means of RPP, HR, PP, SBP, MAP and DBP of pre-post, and follow-up values of the control group were compared by RM ANOVA and also there was no significant difference were found that exists among the groups. The mean values in the test group of post-training and follow-up show a significant decrease when compared with pre-training values. There are a significant decrease in test group follow-up values and post-training compared with follow-up values of control group and post-training respectively. In test group follow-up values the significant increase is found when compared with the test group post-training. Conclusion: Yoga reduced HR, SBP, DBP, PP, MAP, and RPP in essential hypertension under resting conditions. Reduced Sympathetic Activity, Enhanced Vagal Modulation and the increased sensitivity of baroreflex might be responsible for the harmonization of autonomic cardiovascular rhythms. Detraining from yoga, on the other hand, did not result in an increase in blood pressure. In conclusion, the present study shows that regular practice in yoga is helpful in reducing the hypertension, and that deep rest keeps the body healthy.