1,034 research outputs found
Real Time Evolution in Quantum Many-Body Systems With Unitary Perturbation Theory
We develop a new analytical method for solving real time evolution problems
of quantum many-body systems. Our approach is a direct generalization of the
well-known canonical perturbation theory for classical systems. Similar to
canonical perturbation theory, secular terms are avoided in a systematic
expansion and one obtains stable long-time behavior. These general ideas are
illustrated by applying them to the spin-boson model and studying its
non-equilibrium spin dynamics.Comment: Final version as accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B (4 pages, 3
figures
Comment on "Zeeman-Driven Lifshitz Transition: A Model for the Experimentally Observed Fermi-Surface Reconstruction in YbRh2Si2"
In Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 137002 (2011), A. Hackl and M. Vojta have proposed
to explain the quantum critical behavior of YbRh2Si2 in terms of a
Zeeman-induced Lifshitz transition of an electronic band whose width is about 6
orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional metals. Here, we note
that the ultra-narrowness of the proposed band, as well as the proposed
scenario per se, lead to properties which are qualitatively inconsistent with
the salient features observed in YbRh2Si2 near its quantum critical point.Comment: 3 page
Non-equilibrium dynamics of a system with Quantum Frustration
Using flow equations, equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics of a two-level
system are investigated, which couples via non-commuting components to two
independent oscillator baths. In equilibrium the two-level energy splitting is
protected when the TLS is coupled symmetrically to both bath. A critical
asymmetry angle separates the localized from the delocalized phase.
On the other hand, real-time decoherence of a non-equilibrium initial state
is for a generic initial state faster for a coupling to two baths than for a
single bath.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure
Signatures of nematic quantum critical fluctuations in the Raman spectra of lightly doped cuprates
We consider the lightly doped cuprates YCaBaCuO
and LaSrCuO (with ,0.04), where the presence of a
fluctuating nematic state has often been proposed as a precursor of the stripe
(or, more generically, charge-density wave) phase, which sets in at higher
doping. We phenomenologically assume a quantum critical character for the
longitudinal and transverse nematic, and for the charge-ordering fluctuations,
and investigate the effects of these fluctuations in Raman spectra. We find
that the longitudinal nematic fluctuations peaked at zero transferred momentum
account well for the anomalous Raman absorption observed in these systems in
the channel, while the absence of such effect in the channel
may be due to the overall suppression of Raman response at low frequencies,
associated with the pseudogap. While in YCaBaCuO the
low-frequency lineshape is fully accounted by longitudinal nematic collective
modes alone, in LaSrCuO also charge-ordering modes with finite
characteristic wavevector are needed to reproduce the shoulders observed in the
Raman response. This different involvement of the nearly critical modes in the
two materials suggests a different evolution of the nematic state at very low
doping into the nearly charge-ordered state at higher doping.Comment: 12 pages with 10 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B 201
Nonequilibrium Spin Dynamics in the Ferromagnetic Kondo Model
Motivated by recent experiments on molecular quantum dots we investigate the
relaxation of pure spin states when coupled to metallic leads. Under suitable
conditions these systems are well described by a ferromagnetic Kondo model.
Using two recently developed theoretical approaches, the time-dependent
numerical renormalization group and an extended ow equation method, we
calculate the real-time evolution of a Kondo spin into its partially screened
steady state. We obtain exact analytical results which agree well with
numerical implementations of both methods. Analytical expressions for the
steady state magnetization and the dependence of the long-time relaxation on
microscopic parameters are established. We find the long-time relaxation
process to be much faster in the regime of anisotropic Kondo couplings. The
steady state magnetization is found to deviate significantly from its thermal
equilibrium value.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, final version as accepted by Physical Review
Letter
Virophages and retrotransposons colonize the genomes of a heterotrophic flagellate
Virophages can parasitize giant DNA viruses and may provide adaptive anti-giant virus defense in unicellular eukaryotes. Under laboratory conditions, the virophage mavirus integrates into the nuclear genome of the marine flagellate Cafeteria burkhardae and reactivates upon superinfection with the giant virus CroV. In natural systems, however, the prevalence and diversity of host-virophage associations has not been systematically explored. Here, we report dozens of integrated virophages in four globally sampled C. burkhardae strains that constitute up to 2% of their host genomes. These endogenous mavirus-like elements (EMALEs) separated into eight types based on GC-content, nucleotide similarity, and coding potential and carried diverse promoter motifs implicating interactions with different giant viruses. Between host strains, some EMALE insertion loci were conserved indicating ancient integration events, whereas the majority of insertion sites were unique to a given host strain suggesting that EMALEs are active and mobile. Furthermore, we uncovered a unique association between EMALEs and a group of tyrosine recombinase retrotransposons, revealing yet another layer of parasitism in this nested microbial system. Our findings show that virophages are widespread and dynamic in wild Cafeteria populations, supporting their potential role in antiviral defense in protists
Topological phase transition in a RNA model in the de Gennes regime
We study a simplified model of the RNA molecule proposed by G. Vernizzi, H.
Orland and A. Zee in the regime of strong concentration of positive ions in
solution. The model considers a flexible chain of equal bases that can pairwise
interact with any other one along the chain, while preserving the property of
saturation of the interactions. In the regime considered, we observe the
emergence of a critical temperature T_c separating two phases that can be
characterized by the topology of the predominant configurations: in the large
temperature regime, the dominant configurations of the molecule have very large
genera (of the order of the size of the molecule), corresponding to a complex
topology, whereas in the opposite regime of low temperatures, the dominant
configurations are simple and have the topology of a sphere. We determine that
this topological phase transition is of first order and provide an analytic
expression for T_c. The regime studied for this model exhibits analogies with
that for the dense polymer systems studied by de GennesComment: 15 pages, 4 figure
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