Nonperturbative Scaling Theory of Free Magnetic Moment Phases in Disordered Metals

The crossover between a free magnetic moment phase and a Kondo phase in low dimensional disordered metals with dilute magnetic impurities is studied. We perform a finite size scaling analysis of the distribution of the Kondo temperature as obtained from a numerical renormalization group calculation of the local magnetic susceptibility and from the solution of the self-consistent Nagaoka-Suhl equation. We find a sizable fraction of free (unscreened) magnetic moments when the exchange coupling falls below a disorder-dependent critical value $J_{\rm c}$. Our numerical results show that between the free moment phase due to Anderson localization and the Kondo screened phase there is a phase where free moments occur due to the appearance of random local pseudogaps at the Fermi energy whose width and power scale with the elastic scattering rate $1/\tau$.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure

Isomeric states close to doubly magic 132^{132}Sn studied with JYFLTRAP

The double Penning trap mass spectrometer JYFLTRAP has been employed to measure masses and excitation energies for $11/2^-$ isomers in $^{121}$Cd, $^{123}$Cd, $^{125}$Cd and $^{133}$Te, for $1/2^-$ isomers in $^{129}$In and $^{131}$In, and for $7^-$ isomers in $^{130}$Sn and $^{134}$Sb. These first direct mass measurements of the Cd and In isomers reveal deviations to the excitation energies based on results from beta-decay experiments and yield new information on neutron- and proton-hole states close to $^{132}$Sn. A new excitation energy of 144(4) keV has been determined for $^{123}$Cd$^m$. A good agreement with the precisely known excitation energies of $^{121}$Cd$^m$, $^{130}$Sn$^m$, and $^{134}$Sb$^m$ has been found.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Q_EC values of the Superallowed beta-Emitters 10-C, 34-Ar, 38-Ca and 46-V

The Q_EC values of the superallowed beta+ emitters 10-C, 34-Ar, 38-Ca and 46-V have been measured with a Penning-trap mass spectrometer to be 3648.12(8), 6061.83(8), 6612.12(7) and 7052.44(10) keV, respectively. All four values are substantially improved in precision over previous results.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, 5 table

Hydrogen isotope exchange in proton-conducting oxides during proton and deuteron irradiation

It has been found that during accelerator beam deuteron irradiation of a proton-conducting oxide containing protium H/D isotope exchange between beam ions and dissolved ions takes place. This isotope exchange was also observed during high-energy proton irradiation of the oxide containing dissolved deuterium atoms. These results provide evidence to a new type of hydrogen isotope exchange. Any appreciable effects of conjugate diffusion of hydrogen and oxygen ions and of the interface processes on the isotope exchange rate were eliminated. In this type of exchange the rate of replacement of H+ by D+ and of D+ by H+ was determined only by the properties of the crystal. The discovered effect was used in our study to obtain experimental data characterizing the dynamic and equilibrium behavior of hydrogen isotopes in the oxide BaZr0.9Y0.1O3 - δ. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Mass measurements in the vicinity of the doubly-magic waiting point 56Ni

Masses of 56,57Fe, 53Co^m, 53,56Co, 55,56,57Ni, 57,58Cu, and 59,60Zn have been determined with the JYFLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer at IGISOL with a precision of dm/m \le 3 x 10^{-8}. The QEC values for 53Co, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Cu, 58Cu, and 59Zn have been measured directly with a typical precision of better than 0.7 keV and Coulomb displacement energies have been determined. The Q values for proton captures on 55Co, 56Ni, 58Cu, and 59Cu have been measured directly. The precision of the proton-capture Q value for 56Ni(p,gamma)57Cu, Q(p,gamma) = 689.69(51) keV, crucial for astrophysical rp-process calculations, has been improved by a factor of 37. The excitation energy of the proton emitting spin-gap isomer 53Co^m has been measured precisely, Ex = 3174.3(10) keV, and a Coulomb energy difference of 133.9(10) keV for the 19/2- state has been obtained. Except for 53Co, the mass values have been adjusted within a network of 17 frequency ratio measurements between 13 nuclides which allowed also a determination of the reference masses 55Co, 58Ni, and 59Cu.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Once daily versus three times daily mesalazine granules in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, non-inferiority trial

A list of investigators of the International Salofalk OD Study Group is given in the appendix. Investigators from Latvia are: Jelena Derova, Aleksejs Derovs, Juris Pokrotnieks, Aldis Pukitis, Mairita Ergle.Objectives: To determine the therapeutic equivalence and safety of once daily (OD) versus three times daily (TID) dosing of a total daily dose of 3 g Salofalk (mesalazine) granules in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Design: A randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, multicentre, international, phase III noninferiority study. Setting: 54 centres in 13 countries. Patients: 380 patients with confirmed diagnosis of established or first attack of ulcerative colitis (clinical activity index (CAI)>4 and endoscopic index ≥ 4 at baseline) were randomised and treated. Interventions: 8-week treatment with either 3 g OD or 1 g TID mesalazine granules. Main outcome measures: Clinical remission (CAI ≤ 4) at study end. Results: 380 patients were evaluable for efficacy and safety by intention-to-treat (ITT); 345 for per protocol (PP) analysis. In the ITT population, 79.1% in the OD group (n = 191) and 75.7% in the TID group (n = 189) achieved clinical remission (p<0.0001 for non-inferiority). Significantly more patients with proctosigmoiditis achieved clinical remission in the OD group (86%; n = 97) versus the TID group (73%; n = 100; p = 0.0298). About 70% of patients in both treatment groups achieved endoscopic remission, and 35% in the OD group and 41% in the TID group achieved histological remission. About 80% of all patients preferred OD dosing. Similar numbers of adverse events occurred in 55 patients (28.8%) in the OD group and in 61 patients (32.3%) in the TID group, indicating that the two dosing regimens were equally safe and well tolerated. Conclusions: OD 3 g mesalazine granules are as effective and safe as a TID 1 g schedule. With respect to the best possible adherence of patients to the treatment, OD dosing of mesalazine should be the preferred application mode in active ulcerative colitis. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00449722.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Pentaquarks: review of the experimental evidence

Pentaquarks, namely baryons made by 4 quarks and one antiquark have been predicted and searched for since several decades without success. Theoretical and experimental advances in the last 2 years led to the observation of a number of pentaquark candidates. We review the experimental evidence for pentaquarks as well as their non-observations by some experiments, and discuss to which extend these sometimes contradicting informations may lead to a consistent picture.Comment: Contribution to the International Conference on 'Strangeness in Quark Matter', 15-21 Sept. 2004, Cape Tawn, South Afric

Параректальная fusion-биопсия предстательной железы под контролем компьютерной томографии

Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies. The gold standard of PCa diagnostics is morphological examination of prostate tissues obtained using 10-12-core biopsy. However, the number of false-negative results and detected clinically insignificant forms of cancer remain high. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and specific method of radiation diagnosis of PCa. The use of MRI data for prostate biopsy (fusion-biopsy) increases the accuracy of this procedure.Objective: to increase the accuracy of PCa diagnostics using targeted pararectal prostate biopsy guided by computed tomography (CT)/MRI.Materials and methods. A total of 95 patients underwent CT/MRI-guided targeted pararectal biopsy between March 2015 and March 2020. The mean level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 13.7 ± 12.6 ng/mL. All men were found to have 1 to 3 lesions with a PI-RADS score between 3 and 5.Patients were divided into 4 groups: 1st group (n = 33) included patients in whom transrectal access was impossible; 2nd group (n = 22) included patients with suspected local recurrence of PCa after brachytherapy; 3rd group (n = 28) included patients with a negative result of primary biopsy, but with growing PSA level; 4th group (n = 12) included patients who preferred targeted biopsy. We performed targeted biopsy of each suspicious lesion according to MRIscans. Then we performed ‘blind’ systematic 10-14-core biopsy, where we did not take into account the location of suspicious foci and they could be, therefore, accidentally used for sample collection for the second time.Results. Histological examination revealed PCa in 71 out of 95 patients (74.7 %): in 27 out of 33 in 1st group (81.8 %), in 19 out of 22 in 2nd group (86.4 %), in 17 out of 28 in 3rd group (60.7 %), and in 8 out of 12 in 4th group (66.7 %). In 21 patients (29.6 %), PCa was diagnosed only in samples obtained using targeted biopsy; in 9 patients (12.7 %), PCa was diagnosed only in samples after systematic biopsy; in 41 patients (57.7 % PCa was detected by both targeted and systematic biopsy. Clinically significant cancer (Gleason score ≥7) was diagnosed in 84.5 % of cases after targeted biopsy and in 70.4 % of cases after systemic biopsy.Conclusion. CT/MRI-guided prostate fusion biopsy increases the accuracy of PCa diagnostics by additional detection of clinically significant tumors, including those in patients in whom the rectal access is impossible.Введение. Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) — одно из самых распространенных онкологических заболеваний. «Золотой стандарт» диагностики — морфологическое исследование тканей предстательной железы, полученных при 10—12-точечной биопсии. Однако число ложноотрицательных результатов и обнаружение клинически незначимых форм рака остаются высокими. Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) — самый чувствительный и специфичный метод лучевой диагностики РПЖ. Использование данных МРТ при выполнении биопсии предстательной железы (fusion-биопсия) повышает точность этой процедуры.Цель исследования — повысить эффективность диагностики РПЖ путем применения методики прицельной параректальной биопсии предстательной железы с использованием совмещенных изображений компьютерной томографии и МРТ.Материалы и методы. С февраля 2015 г. по март 2020 г. прицельная параректальная биопсия с использованием совмещенных изображений компьютерной томографии и МРТ была выполнена 95 пациентам. Средний уровень простатического специфического антигена составил 13,7 ± 12,6 нг/мл. У всех мужчин в структуре предстательной железы было выявлено от 1 до 3 очагов, оцененных по системе PI-RADS от 3 до 5 баллов.Пациенты были распределены на 4 группы: 1-я (n = 33) — пациенты с отсутствием возможности трансректального доступа; 2-я (п = 22) — пациенты с подозрением на локальный рецидив РПЖ после брахитерапии; 3-я (п = 28) — пациенты с отрицательным результатом первичной биопсии, но с продолжающимся ростом уровня простатического специфического антигена; 4-я (п = 12) — пациенты, отдавшие предпочтение прицельной биопсии. В ходе процедуры выполняли прицельную биопсию каждого подозритель¬ного, по данным МРТ, очага. Затем проводили «слепую» системную биопсию из 12—14 точек. При этом расположение подозрительных очагов не учитывали, и, таким образом, они могли случайно повторно оказаться в проекции вкола биопсийной иглы.Результаты. При гистологическом исследовании РПЖ выявлен у 71 (74,7 %) из 95 пациентов: в 1-й группе — у 27 (81,8 %) из 33, во 2-й — у 19 (86,4 %) из 22, в 3-й — у 17 (60,7 %) из 28, в 4-й — у 8 (66,7 %) из 12. При этом среди 71 пациента у 21 (29,6 %) РПЖ диагностирован только в материале, полученном при прицельной биопсии, у 9 (12,7 %) — только при системной биопсии, у 41 (57,7 %) больного РПЖ выявлен как при прицельной, так и при системной биопсии. Клинически значимый рак (сумма баллов по шкале Глисона ≥7) после прицельной биопсии выявлен в 84,5 % случаев, после системной — в 70,4 %.Заключение. Применение fusion-биопсии предстательной железы под контролем компьютерной томографии и МРТ повышает эффективность диагностики РПЖ за счет дополнительного выявления клинически значимых опухолей, в том числе у пациентов с невозможностью трансректального доступа