43 research outputs found
In vivo efficiency of Bacillus sp. isolated from biofloc system on growth, haematological, immunological and antioxidant status of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT)
714-721In aquaculture, Biofloc technology is emerging as one of the successful sustainable technologies to increase production. It is known to possess several immunostimulatory compounds exhibiting possible probiotic effect in culture. Here, we explored the in vivo efficiency of Bacillus infantis (T1), B. subtilis (T2), Exiguobacterium profundum (T3) and B. megaterium (T4) isolated from biofloc systems for improving the growth and immune performance of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT). Animals (10+0.08 g) were stocked at a density of 100 per m-3 in 500 L FRP tanks for 42 days in triplicate. All the four probiotics (OD =1) were mixed with basal diet in treatments and feed without probiotic maintained as control. A significant difference (P 0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rate and FCR were observed between treatments and control with 100% survival. Serum albumin, globulin, protein, total blood count, glucose, myeloperoxidase activity and SOD were significantly different (P B. megaterium and B. subtilis can be the promising probiotic bacteria isolated from biofloc systems exhibiting multiple benefits with improved growth and health of the culture animals
In vivo efficiency of Bacillus sp. isolated from biofloc system on growth, haematological, immunological and antioxidant status of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT)
In aquaculture, Biofloc technology is emerging as one of the successful sustainable technologies to increase production. It is known to possess several immunostimulatory compounds exhibiting possible probiotic effect in culture. Here, we explored the in vivo efficiency of Bacillus infantis (T1), B. subtilis (T2), Exiguobacterium profundum (T3) and B. megaterium (T4) isolated from biofloc systems for improving the growth and immune performance of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT). Animals (10+0.08 g) were stocked at a density of 100 per m-3 in 500 L FRP tanks for 42 days in triplicate. All the four probiotics (OD =1) were mixed with basal diet in treatments and feed without probiotic maintained as control. A significant difference (P <0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rate and FCR were observed between treatments and control with 100% survival. Serum albumin, globulin, protein, total blood count, glucose, myeloperoxidase activity and SOD were significantly different (P <0.05) between treatments and control. T4 and T2 showed better immunological and anti-oxidant ability when compared to other strains. Results from principal component analysis demonstrated that B. megaterium and B. subtilis can be the promising probiotic bacteria isolated from biofloc systems exhibiting multiple benefits with improved growth and health of the culture animals
Effect of nanoclay and nanoscale TiO2 on carbon/glass fibrereinforced polymer composites
Nanofillers dispersion in polymeric matrix has been identified as a novel method to enhance the mechanical properties of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites (FRPNCs). In general, addition of nanofillers in polymeric resin improves the fracture toughness, tensile and other properties of polymer composites. On the other hand, this inclusion significantly reduces the stiffness, strain at rupture and thermal properties. To overcome these limitations, hybrid nanofillers have been introduced in polymer composites. This work aims to investigate the effect of addition of hybrid nanofillers (Nanoclay-TiO _2 ) on mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (G _IC ), tensile as well as flexural characteristics of carbon/glass/epoxy based composites. The pristine epoxy resin was modified with nanoclay and nanoscale TiO _2 nanofillers together with different weight percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5 & 2 wt%) using mechanical stirrer followed by sonication process. The modified epoxy based carbon/glass polymer laminates were fabricated using hand lay-up process. The lay-up sequence considered in this study was (90 °C/90 °G/0 °G) _S , (90 °G/0 °G/90 °C) _S and (90 °G/0 °C/90 °G) _S . The mechanical properties of modified laminates were characterized by DCB test, tensile and three point bending test. The experimental results show that the addition of hybrid nanofillers in epoxy resin increased the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (G _IC ) by 77% at 1.5 wt%, tensile strength by 31% at 1.5 wt%, and flexural strength by 33% at 2 wt%. Further addition of nanofillers (<2 wt%) decrease the mechanical properties of FRPNCs as a result of matrix embrittlement. The toughening mechanisms such as fibre pull-out, fibre breaking, particles debonding, and crack deflection were identified at the fractured surfaces
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Synthesis and Characterisation of Al 7075 reinforced with SiC and B<sub>4</sub>C nano particles fabricated by ultrasonic cavitation method</span>
281-285<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">The application of ultrasonic effects to disperse nano sized particles in
molten metal has been studied. Based on this technique, nano-sized SiC and B4C
particles reinforced with AL7075 aluminium nanocomposites were fabricated. XRD
analysis reveals that uniform structure of nano composites was formed in the Al
alloy. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was investigated by high
resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM). Experimental results show a
nearly uniform distribution and good dispersion of the SiC and B4C
nanoparticles within the aluminium metal matrix, although some small clusters
were found in the matrix. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and
micro hardness of nanocomposites have been improved significantly compared to
that of pure alloy. The interaction between SiC and
B4C nanoparticles with aluminium matrix was investigated.</span
Statistical optimization of EDM parameters on machining of aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix composite by applying Taguchi based Grey analysis
358-365Hybrid metal matrix composite is a recent kind of
material which are not only focused on the improvement of mechanical
properties, but also on machinability for difficult-to-machine shapes using
EDM. Experiments were conducted by choosing the typical process parameters such
as pulse current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time. The Taguchi
based grey relational analysis was adopted to obtain grey relational grade for
EDM process with multiple characteristics namely material removal rate (MRR),
electrode wear ratio (EWR) and surface roughness (SR). The significance of
process parameters was obtained by analysis of variance based on grey
relational grade, which showed pulse current and pulse on time to be the most
significant parameters
Effect of in-situ and ex-situ biofloc on immune response of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia
Not AvailableThe present study is aimed to investigate the effect of biofloc intake on Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia
(GIFT), developed within the system and its influence as feed supplementation on water quality, growth performance,
immunological parameters, antioxidant status, immune gene expression, and its resistance to
Aeromonas hydrophila infection. GIFT Tilapia juveniles of 5.1 g (±0.05) were stocked at a density of 15/m3 in
lined ponds of 300m2 in triplicates for 180 days. The experimental groups consisted of T1-biofloc developed
within the culture systems (insitu), T2-biofloc supplementation in fish feed (exsitu) and C- Control without
biofloc. Distillery Spent wash was used as a carbon source to maintain the C/N ratio of 10:1 for floc development
in T1. Free CO2, pH, BOD, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, Calcium and Magnesium ions, Nitrate, Nitrite and
ammonia were found to be significantly different between the treatments and control throughout the experiment.
The immunological (Serum protein, Respiratory burst test (RBT) and Myeloperoxidase) and antioxidant
indicators (Glucose, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase) were found to be significantly higher in T1 at the
end of the trial. Increased weight gain, specific growth rate, survival and decreased feed conversion ratio was
found in T1 when compared with the other experimental groups. Real time quantitative PCR analysis revealed
that there was no folded expression of the immunological genes such as Metallothionein gene, cathepsin L, Toll
like receptor 7, Interleukin 1 β and Tumour necrosis factor α in liver and intestine for both control and treatment.
However, the upregulated expression of targeted genes except tumour necrosis factor α was found in head
kidney of T1. At the end of the study, GIFT Tilapia when infected with Aeromonas hydrophila showed an improved
immune response in T1 and T2 with lesser signs of infection than Control. The findings of the present
study affirmed the importance of biofloc technology in triggering the immunomodulatory response of GIFT
Tilapia with its upregulated immune gene expression and its role as an antimicrobial agent against Aeromonas
hydrophila. This study suggests the adoption of in-situ (T1) based biofloc method to obtain better performance of GIFT Tilapia culture.Not Availabl