Finite beam curvature related patterns in a saturable medium

We study numerically the effects of finite curvature and ellipticity of the Gaussian beam on propagation through a saturating nonlinear medium. We demonstrate generation of different types of pattern arising from the input phase structure as well as the phase structure imparted by the nonlinear medium

EVALUATION OF YIELD AND YIELD PARAMETERS IN DIFFERENT RICE FARMING SYSTEMS AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

An experiment was undertaken in a farmer's field in Chidambaram Sathamangalam, Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu, during Navarai 2021 to the evaluation of yield and yield parameters in different rice farming systems and weed management practices. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with four replications, two main treatments with different rice farming systems viz, M1-Monocropping and M2-Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system and three sub treatments with weed management practices viz., S1 – unweeded control, S2 – twice hand weeding on 20 and 40 DAT, S3 – pre emergence (PE) application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25   kg a.i. ha-1+ 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1. The results indicated that, in farming systems the Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system (M2) show significant performance on the various yield parameters than rice monocropping (M1). In weed management practices, twice hand weeding in on 20 and 40 DAT (S2) recorded the highest yield parameters. It was followed by PE application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25 kg a.i. ha-1 + 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1 (S3). The lowest yield parameters were registered in unweeded control (S1). Among interactions, Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system along with two hand weedings on 20 and 40 DAT (M2S2) recorded significantly the highest yield parameters during Samba 2020. This was followed by Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system along with PE application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25 kg a.i. ha-1 + 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1 (M2S3) in Navarai 2021 cropping season. The season's lowest yield characteristics were observed in monocultures of rice grown without weed management (M1S1). By recording the maximum yield parameters during Navarai 2021, the Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system performs much better than rice monocropping

Current state of antimicrobial stewardship in children’s hospital emergency departments

BACKGROUND Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) effectively optimize antibiotic use for inpatients; however, the extent of emergency department (ED) involvement in ASPs has not been described. OBJECTIVE To determine current ED involvement in children's hospital ASPs and to assess beliefs and preferred methods of implementation for ED-based ASPs. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 37 children's hospitals participating in the Sharing Antimicrobial Resistance Practices collaboration was conducted. Surveys were distributed to ASP leaders and ED medical directors at each institution. Items assessed included beliefs regarding ED antibiotic prescribing, ED prescribing resources, ASP methods used in the ED such as clinical decision support and clinical care guidelines, ED participation in ASP activities, and preferred methods for ED-based ASP implementation. RESULTS A total of 36 ASP leaders (97.3%) and 32 ED directors (86.5%) responded; the overall response rate was 91.9%. Most ASP leaders (97.8%) and ED directors (93.7%) agreed that creation of ED-based ASPs was necessary. ED resources for antibiotic prescribing were obtained via the Internet or electronic health records (EHRs) for 29 hospitals (81.3%). The main ASP activities for the ED included production of antibiograms (77.8%) and creation of clinical care guidelines for pneumonia (83.3%). The ED was represented on 3 hospital ASP committees (8.3%). No hospital ASPs actively monitored outpatient ED prescribing. Most ASP leaders (77.8%) and ED directors (81.3%) preferred implementation of ED-based ASPs using clinical decision support integrated into the EHR. CONCLUSIONS Although ED involvement in ASPs is limited, both ASP and ED leaders believe that ED-based ASPs are necessary. Many children's hospitals have the capability to implement ED-based ASPs via the preferred method: EHR clinical decision support. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:469-475

Literature Review of Permanent Magnet AC Motors and Drive for Automotive Application

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM's) are used in many applications that require rapid torque response and high – performance operation. New developed materials such as magnetic materials, conducting materials and insulating materials as well as several new applications have greatly contributed to development of small and special purpose machines. Using such materials the size of the motor would considerably reduce and high performance motors can be built. Due to several new applications these motors are quite popular &use in a developing country such as India for Automotive application. In a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the dc field winding of the rotor is replaced by a permanent magnet. The advantages are elimination of field copper loss, higher power density, lower rotor inertia and more robust construction of the rotor. The demerits are loss of flexibility of field flux control and possible demagnetization effect. The PMSM has higher efficiency than an induction motor, but generally its cost is higher, which makes the life cycle cost of the drive somewhat lower. PMSM particularly at low power range are widely used in industry. Recently, the interest in their application is growing, particularly up to 100 KW, only reluctance motor are simpler in construction and in assembly procedure then PMSM, but reluctance motor generally developed less torque per unit of current and per unit of weight. Therefore, on a basis of power output per unit weight (and general, per unit volume) the PMSM is superior to all other brushless synchronous motor especially with the commercial feasibility of rare earth magnets. Section 1. describes the introduction section 2.describes Classification of permanent magnet AC motor section 3. describes the conclusion

Effect of shear force on the separation of double stranded DNA

Using the Langevin Dynamics simulation, we have studied the effects of the shear force on the rupture of short double stranded DNA at different temperatures. We show that the rupture force increases linearly with the chain length and approaches to the asymptotic value in accordance with the experiment. The qualitative nature of these curves almost remains same for different temperatures but with a shift in the force. We observe three different regimes in the extension of covalent bonds (back bone) under the shear force.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Polimorfizam u području 3’UTR gena Slc11a1 u indijskih pasmina goveda.

The solute carrier family 11 (proton-coupled divalent metal ion transporters), member 1 (Slc11a1) also called natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene (Nramp1) is a member of the large family of metal ion-transport proteins. It encodes a divalent cation (Fe+ & Mn+) transporter that localizes in the phagolysosome membrane in macrophages. Slc11a1 gene plays a critical role in innate immunity favoring bacterial killing by macrophages in addition to its influence on adaptative immunity. Polymorphism at the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of Slc11a1 gene is associated with natural resistance against brucellosis in cattle. Such polymorphisms are associated with variations in the number of GT repeats. This study aimed to discover polymorphism in the 3’UTR region of the Slc11a1 gene in the Indian cattle breeds Nimari and Kenkatha. Polymerase Chain Reaction - Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) of 440 bp amplicon of Slc11a1 gene revealed three common SSCP patterns in these breeds, which was also confirmed by detecting point mutation in sequences of these patterns. The study will augment the information available and be useful in further studies to determine the role of the Slc11a1 gene in disease resistance and for the selection of brucellosis resistant animals.Među proteinima prijenosnicima metalnih iona, familija 11 i njezin član 1 (Slc11a1) zauzimaju značajno mjesto zbog činjenice da se povezuju s prirodnom imunošću. Na temelju toga za Slc11a1 učestalo se rabi i naziv gen za makrofagni protein 1 (Nramp1). Gen kodira protein-prijenosnik dvovalentnog kationa (Fe+ i Mn+) koji je smješten u fagolizosomu membrane makrofaga. Gen Slc11a1 ima važnu ulogu u nespecifičnoj imunosti, prvenstveno pri ubijanju bakterija makrofagima, no pretpostavlja se njegova dodatna uloga u specifičnoj imunosti. Polimorfizam u 3’ nekodirajućoj regiji (3’UTR) gena Slc11a1 osniva se na različitom broju GT ponavljanja i dovodi u vezu s prirodnom otpornošću goveda prema brucelozi. Ovim istraživanjem želi se utvrditi polimorfizam u 3’UTR regiji gena Slc11a1 u indijskih pasmina goveda, nimari i kenkatha. Primjenom lančane reakcije polimerazom odnosno analizom polimorfizma jednolančane konformacije amplikona s 440 baznih parova gena Slc11a1, u promatranih pasmina utvrđene su tri varijante jednolančane konformacije. Navedeno je također potvrđeno opažanjem točkastih mutacija u sekvencijama tih varijanata. Istraživanje će pridonijeti količini informacija iz predmetnog područja te biti korisno za buduća istraživanja koja imaju zadatak utvrditi ulogu gena Slc11a1 u otpornost na bolesti kao i u odabiranju životinja otpornih na brucelozu

Polimorfizam u području 3’UTR gena Slc11a1 u indijskih pasmina goveda.

The solute carrier family 11 (proton-coupled divalent metal ion transporters), member 1 (Slc11a1) also called natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene (Nramp1) is a member of the large family of metal ion-transport proteins. It encodes a divalent cation (Fe+ & Mn+) transporter that localizes in the phagolysosome membrane in macrophages. Slc11a1 gene plays a critical role in innate immunity favoring bacterial killing by macrophages in addition to its influence on adaptative immunity. Polymorphism at the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of Slc11a1 gene is associated with natural resistance against brucellosis in cattle. Such polymorphisms are associated with variations in the number of GT repeats. This study aimed to discover polymorphism in the 3’UTR region of the Slc11a1 gene in the Indian cattle breeds Nimari and Kenkatha. Polymerase Chain Reaction - Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) of 440 bp amplicon of Slc11a1 gene revealed three common SSCP patterns in these breeds, which was also confirmed by detecting point mutation in sequences of these patterns. The study will augment the information available and be useful in further studies to determine the role of the Slc11a1 gene in disease resistance and for the selection of brucellosis resistant animals.Među proteinima prijenosnicima metalnih iona, familija 11 i njezin član 1 (Slc11a1) zauzimaju značajno mjesto zbog činjenice da se povezuju s prirodnom imunošću. Na temelju toga za Slc11a1 učestalo se rabi i naziv gen za makrofagni protein 1 (Nramp1). Gen kodira protein-prijenosnik dvovalentnog kationa (Fe+ i Mn+) koji je smješten u fagolizosomu membrane makrofaga. Gen Slc11a1 ima važnu ulogu u nespecifičnoj imunosti, prvenstveno pri ubijanju bakterija makrofagima, no pretpostavlja se njegova dodatna uloga u specifičnoj imunosti. Polimorfizam u 3’ nekodirajućoj regiji (3’UTR) gena Slc11a1 osniva se na različitom broju GT ponavljanja i dovodi u vezu s prirodnom otpornošću goveda prema brucelozi. Ovim istraživanjem želi se utvrditi polimorfizam u 3’UTR regiji gena Slc11a1 u indijskih pasmina goveda, nimari i kenkatha. Primjenom lančane reakcije polimerazom odnosno analizom polimorfizma jednolančane konformacije amplikona s 440 baznih parova gena Slc11a1, u promatranih pasmina utvrđene su tri varijante jednolančane konformacije. Navedeno je također potvrđeno opažanjem točkastih mutacija u sekvencijama tih varijanata. Istraživanje će pridonijeti količini informacija iz predmetnog područja te biti korisno za buduća istraživanja koja imaju zadatak utvrditi ulogu gena Slc11a1 u otpornost na bolesti kao i u odabiranju životinja otpornih na brucelozu

Large Bilateral Symptomatic Pelvic Lymphoceles Following a Radical Prostatectomy

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