Optimization of fractional composition of the excipient in the elastomeric covering for asphalt highways

The computational method of optimum fractional composition of a dispersible filler of polymericcomposite on the basis of three-dimensionally linked elastomer is developed according to non-linearprogramming. The coefficient of dynamic viscosity of polymeric suspension or the initial module of aviscoelasticity of the join solidification low-molecular rubbers with the final functional groups, filled by manyfractional dioxide of silicon are considered as criteria of optimization. Influence of the limiting volume filling onenergy of mechanical destruction was investigated. The elastomeric material is offered for use as a covering ofasphalt highways in the form of a frost-proof waterproofing layer, which allowing multiply to increase operatingproperties

Nueva especie of Separatoppia Mahunka, 1983 (Acari, Oribatida, Oppiidae) de la India

A new oribatid mite species of the family Oppiidae –Separatoppia indica n. sp.– is described from India. This species is morphologically most similar to Separatoppia concava Ermilov & Rybalov, 2013 (Ethiopia), but differs from the latter by length of interlamellar and notogastral setae and development of humeral processes. The genus Separatoppia Mahunka, 1983 is recorded for the first time from India and the Oriental region.Se redescribe una nueva especie de ácaro oribátido de la familia Oppiidae –Separatoppia indica n. sp.– de India. La nueva especie es muy similar morfológicamente a Separatoppia concava Ermilov & Rybalov de Etiopía, pero se diferencia de ella por la longitud de las setas interlamelares y notogastrales y el desarrollo del proceso humeral. Es la primera cira del género Separatoppia Mahunka, 1983 en India y en la región oriental

Manifestation of the Normal Intensity Distribution Law (NIDL) in the rovibrational emission spectrum of hydroxyl radical

The latest experimental [Noll et al. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 20(2020)5269] and theoretical [Brooke et al. J. Quant. Spectr. Rad. Transfer 168(2016)142] data on the OH emission intensities are analyzed with use of the NIDL. It is found that the calculated intensities of the $\Delta v>6$ transitions should not be trusted. The analysis of the OH data revealed that the NIDL theory is not applicable to the satellite bands. The effect of small reduced mass previously discovered in H$_2$ [Ushakov et al. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 399(2024)111863], causing the NIDL straight-line slope to be larger than the one associated with the repulsive branch of the potential, is demonstrated, and the same should be true of all the diatomic hydrides. We performed ab initio calculations of the OH repulsive branch and compared it with the one of Brooke et al. and the other due to Varandas and Voronin [Chem. Phys. 194(1995)91]. We found that the ab initio PEF closely follows the Varandas-Voronin potential in the repulsive region important for calculating the overtone intensities [Medvedev, J. Chem. Phys. 137(2012)174307]. Assumption is made that different potentials can be used to calculate transition frequencies and intensities for spectroscopic databases.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

New faunistical and taxonomic data on oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ethiopia, with description of two new species of the superfamily Oripodoidea

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected in Ethiopia in 2019. A list of identified taxa, including 11 species from 10 genera and nine families, is provided; of these, six species, four genera and two families are recorded for the first time in the fauna of this country. Two new species of the superfamily Oripodoidea are described: Pilobates wachteli n. sp. (Haplozetidae); and Zetorchella robertbecki n. sp. (Caloppiidae).Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

Bedload transport analysis using image processing techniques

Bedload transport is an important factor to describe the hydromorphological processes of fluvial systems. However, conventional bedload sampling methods have large uncertainty, making it harder to understand this notoriously complex phenomenon. In this study, a novel, image-based approach, the Video-based Bedload Tracker (VBT), is implemented to quantify gravel bedload transport by combining two different techniques: Statistical Background Model and Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry. For testing purposes, we use underwater videos, captured in a laboratory flume, with future field adaptation as an overall goal. VBT offers a full statistics of the individual velocity and grainsize data for the moving particles. The paper introduces the testing of the method which requires minimal preprocessing (a simple and quick 2D Gaussian filter) to retrieve and calculate bedload transport rate. A detailed sensitivity analysis is also carried out to introduce the parameters of the method, during which it was found that by simply relying on literature and the visual evaluation of the resulting segmented videos, it is simple to set them to the correct values. Practical aspects of the applicability of VBT in the field are also discussed and a statistical filter, accounting for the suspended sediment and air bubbles, is provided

Substring filtering for low-cost linked data interfaces

Recently, Triple Pattern Fragments (TPFS) were introduced as a low-cost server-side interface when high numbers of clients need to evaluate SPARQL queries. Scalability is achieved by moving part of the query execution to the client, at the cost of elevated query times. Since the TPFS interface purposely does not support complex constructs such as SPARQL filters, queries that use them need to be executed mostly on the client, resulting in long execution times. We therefore investigated the impact of adding a literal substring matching feature to the TPFS interface, with the goal of improving query performance while maintaining low server cost. In this paper, we discuss the client/server setup and compare the performance of SPARQL queries on multiple implementations, including Elastic Search and case-insensitive FM-index. Our evaluations indicate that these improvements allow for faster query execution without significantly increasing the load on the server. Offering the substring feature on TPF servers allows users to obtain faster responses for filter-based SPARQL queries. Furthermore, substring matching can be used to support other filters such as complete regular expressions or range queries

Dependence of the mechanical fracture energy of the polymeric composite material from the mixture of filler fractions

This paper for the first time presents an equation for calculating the mechanical fracture energy of the polymeric composite material (PCM) with regard to the basic formulation parameters. By means of the developed computer program the authors calculated the mechanical fracture energy of the polymer binder of the 3D cross-linked plasticized elastomer filled with multifractional silica. The solution of the integral equation was implemented using the corresponding dependence of stress on relative elongation at uniaxial tension. Engineering application of the theory was considered with respect to asphalt road covering. The authors proposed a generalized dependence of ruptural deformation of the polymer binder from the effective concentration of chemical and physical (intermolecular) bonds for calculating the mechanical fracture energy of available and advanced PCMs as filled elastomers

Automated riverbed composition analysis using deep learning on underwater images

The sediment of alluvial riverbeds plays a significant role in river systems both in engineering and natural processes. However, the sediment composition can show high spatial and temporal heterogeneity, even on river-reach scale, making it difficult to representatively sample and assess. Conventional sampling methods are inadequate and time-consuming for effectively capturing the variability of bed surface texture in these situations. In this study, we overcome this issue by adopting an image-based deep-learning (DL) algorithm. The algorithm was trained to recognise the main sediment classes in videos that were taken along cross sections underwater in the Danube. A total of 27 riverbed samples were collected and analysed for validation. The introduced DL-based method is fast, i.e. the videos of 300–400 m long sections can be analysed within minutes with continuous spatial sampling distribution (i.e. the whole riverbed along the path is mapped with images in ca. 0.3–1 m2 overlapping windows). The quality of the trained algorithm was evaluated (i) mathematically by dividing the annotated images into test and validation sets and also via (ii) intercomparison with other direct (sieving of physical samples) and indirect sampling methods (wavelet-based image processing of the riverbed images), focusing on the percentages of the detected sediment fractions. For the final evaluation, the sieving analysis of the collected physical samples were considered the ground truth. After correcting for samples affected by bed armouring, comparison of the DL approach with 14 physical samples yielded a mean classification error of 4.5 %. In addition, based upon the visual evaluation of the footage, the spatial trend in the fraction changes was also well captured along the cross sections. Suggestions for performing proper field measurements are also given; furthermore, possibilities for combining the algorithm with other techniques are highlighted, briefly showcasing the multi-purpose nature of underwater videos for hydromorphological assessment.</p

Dependence of mechanical characteristics from composition and structure and optimization of mechanical fracture energy of polymer composite material based on high-molecular rubbers

By means of numerical experiment the authors investigate dependence of conventional rupturing stress and mechanical fracture energy at uniaxial tension from fractional composition of dispersed filler, plasticizer volume fraction in polymer binder, effective density of transverse bonds, applied to development of covering for different purposes and with advanced service life in temperature range from 223 to 323 K. They compare mechanical characteristics of polymer composite materials (PCMs) based on high- and low-molecular rubbers. It was shown that rupturing stress of high-molecular rubber-based PCM is of a higher magnitude than the stress of low-molecular rubber-based one at almost invariable rupturing deformation. Numerical simulation by variation of composition parameters and molecular structure enables evaluation of its maximum fracture energy which is 1000 times higher than mechanical fracture energy of similar composites based on low-molecular rubbers

Software for full-color 3D reconstruction of the biological tissues internal structure

A software for processing sets of full-color images of biological tissue histological sections is developed. We used histological sections obtained by the method of high-precision layer-by-layer grinding of frozen biological tissues. The software allows restoring the image of the tissue for an arbitrary cross-section of the tissue sample. Thus, our method is designed to create a full-color 3D reconstruction of the biological tissue structure. The resolution of 3D reconstruction is determined by the quality of the initial histological sections. The newly developed technology available to us provides a resolution of up to 5 - 10 {\mu}m in three dimensions.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure