Multiple description video coding for stereoscopic 3D

In this paper, we propose an MDC schemes for stereoscopic 3D video. In the literature, MDC has previously been applied in 2D video but not so much in 3D video. The proposed algorithm enhances the error resilience of the 3D video using the combination of even and odd frame based MDC while retaining good temporal prediction efficiency for video over error-prone networks. Improvements are made to the original even and odd frame MDC scheme by adding a controllable amount of side information to improve frame interpolation at the decoder. The side information is also sent according to the video sequence motion for further improvement. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated in error free and error prone environments especially for wireless channels. Simulation results show improved performance using the proposed MDC at high error rates compared to the single description coding (SDC) and the original even and odd frame MDC

Project PROMETHEUS: Design and Construction of a Radio Frequency Quadrupole at TAEK

The PROMETHEUS Project is ongoing for the design and development of a 4-vane radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) together with its H+ ion source, a low energy beam transport (LEBT) line and diagnostics section. The main goal of the project is to achieve the acceleration of the low energy ions up to 1.5 MeV by an RFQ (352 MHz) shorter than 2 meter. A plasma ion source is being developed to produce a 20 keV, 1 mA H+ beam. Simulation results for ion source, transmission and beam dynamics are presented together with analytical studies performed with newly developed RFQ design code DEMIRCI. Simulation results shows that a beam transmission 99% could be achieved at 1.7 m downstream reaching an energy of 1.5 MeV. As the first phase an Aluminum RFQ prototype, the so-called cold model, will be built for low power RF characterization. In this contribution the status of the project, design considerations, simulation results, the various diagnostics techniques and RFQ manufacturing issues are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of the 2nd International Beam Instrumentation Conference 2013 (IBIC'13), 16-19 Sep 2013, WEPC02, p. 65

Orthosis reduces breast pain and mechanical forces through natural and augmented breast tissue in women lying prone

BACKGROUND: Breast implant displacement or rupture can cause aesthetic problems and serious medical complications. Activities with prone positioning and loading of the anterior chest wall, such as massage, chiropractic or osteopathic therapies may increase the risk of implant failure and can also cause discomfort in women with natural breast tissue. Here we test the effectiveness of a newly developed orthosis on pain, mechanical pressure and displacement of breast tissue in women with cosmetic augmentation, post-mastectomy reconstruction, lactating or natural breast tissue. METHODS: Thirty-two females volunteers, aged 25–56 years with augmented, reconstructed, natural or lactating breast tissue and cup sizes B-F, participated in this open-label clinical trial. We measured pain perception, peak pressure, maximum force, and breast tissue displacement using different sizes of the orthosis compared to no orthosis. Different densities of the orthosis were also tested in a subgroup of women (n = 7). Pain perception was rated using a validated 11-point visual-analogue scale. Peak pressure and maximum force were assessed using a bilateral set of capacitance-pliance® sensor strips whilst participants were load bearing in a prone position, and breast displacement was measured by magnetic-resonance-imaging. RESULTS: The orthosis significantly reduced pain, breast displacement and mechanical pressures in women with natural and augmented breast tissue in prone position. Greater relief of pain and greater reduction in mechanical forces were found with increased size and density of the orthosis. Use of the orthosis improved overall comfort by 64-100%, lowered peak pressure by up to 85% and maximum force by up to 96%. Medio-lateral displacement of breast tissue was reduced by 16%, resulting in a 51% desirable increase of breast tissue height. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that the newly developed orthosis significantly reduced pain, mechanical pressure and breast tissue displacement in women with augmented and natural breast tissue when lying prone. Our findings are of clinical significance, potentially reducing the risk of complication from prone activities in women with breast augmentation or reconstruction, as well as improving comfort whilst undergoing prone procedures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register, ACTRN12613000541707

Keanekaragaman Jenis Vegetasi pada Hutan Rawa Gambut Sekunder dan Belukar Rawa Desa Sungai Pelang Kabupaten Ketapang

Peat swamp forest has a valuable natural richness in the form of plants. This study aimed to find out the composition and dominance of species, species diversity, and stand structure in secondary peat swamp forest and thicket swamp. The vegetation analysis in secondary peat swamp forest and thicket swamp is done by using combination method. Mentibu (Daetylocladus stenostachys Oliver) is dominant in secondary peat swamp forest of tree growth level, and mempening (Quercus conocarpa OUD) is dominant in pole, sapling, and seedling of growth level (INP = 34,74%, 32,57%, 28,96%, respectively). In thicket swamp, prepat (Combretocarpus rotundatus Danser) is a dominant for the whole of growth level (INP = 261.89%, 126,12%, 98.96%, 64.99%, respectively). The diversity index of Shannon-Wienner (H) in secondary peat swamp forest is abundant (H > 1) and low in thicket swamp (H < 1). The secondary peat swamp forest have a normal stand structure according to de Liocourts law. In thicket swamp, the forest had been fire, but the vegetation development now has led to a succession of normal vertical forest structure and almost reach climax. Keywords: Peat swamp forest, composition and dominance of species, species diversity and stand structure

Mesure statistique de la résistance de contact d’une grille sérigraphiée pour cellules solaires au silicium multicristallin

La métallisation par sérigraphie est une des étapes les plus importantes dans la technologie d’élaboration des cellules solaires pour une production à grande échelle. Néanmoins, elle demeure dépendante de plusieurs paramètres variables. Pour le silicium multi cristallin, tout changement dans le procédé de réalisation des cellules solaires influence directement l’optimisation du profil de recuit de la métallisation par sérigraphie. Les plaquettes de silicium multi cristallin subissent toutes les étapes classiques de réalisation des cellules solaires comme le nettoyage chimique et la décontamination, une diffusion au phosphore et le dépôt du nitrure de silicium SiNx par PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition). Il y a juste le dépôt du contact Argent Ag sur la face avant de la plaquette. Nous avons utilisé la pâte de sérigraphie Ag Ferro 3349. La grille métallique comporte six (06) motifs TLM (Transfer Length Method) pour les mesures de la résistance de contact. Le principal but de ce travail est le contrôle de la qualité du contact Ag/SiNx/n+-Si dans les cellules solaires au silicium multicristallin. Les mesures TLM révèlent une cartographie des valeurs de la résistance de contact pour chaque température. Le profil optimal de température de recuit est autour de 750 °C

Outage Probability Assessment of Power line Cooperative Communication (PLCC) System

The requirement of high-speed data for various forms of application is increasing rapidly. Power Line communication (PLC), a technology which uses the existing power line network as a transmission medium, is a choice for this provision, owing to the ready presence of the medium. This channel (power line), is severely bewitched by noise and attenuation owing to the branches, length and the load connection on the line. Cooperative relaying, which transmits the same information through several nodes is deployed in this paper to combat the data outages caused by the channel's characteristics. Amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward were the cooperative protocols deployed.The outage probability of each of the protocols were obtained, analysed and compared with the conventional direct link (without cooperation). Results shows that outage probability was drastically reduced on the cooperative links. The performances of the two cooperative links were close due to the noise mitigating circuit incorporated.This achievement in outage probability performance enhances the reliability of the PLC system

Penentuan Pola Dropout Mahasiswa Dengan Pendekatan Data Mining Menggunakan Algoritma c4.5 (Studi kasus : Program Studi Teknik Informatika Universitas Pasundan Bandung)

Penentuan pola Dropout mahasiswa diperlukan untuk melakukan prediksi terhadap status mahasiswa. Hal ini bertujuan untuk membantu pihak perguruan tinggi dalam penanganan kasus Dropout. Dengan penerapan pola ini, diharapkan dapat membantu pihak perguruan tinggi dalam menentukan kebijakan dan melakukan tindakan pencegahan dini terhadap kasus Dropout mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model pohon keputusan dan pengetahuan mengenai Dropout Mahasiswa yang dihasilkan dari penerapan Data Mining sehingga dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi status Mahasiswa. Algoritma yang digunakan adalah algoritma C4.5. Pemilihan model didasarkan pada tingkat akurasi, precision dan recall yang didapatkan dari proses evaluasi menggunakan metode 10 fold validation dan tool confusion matrix. Penelitian ini menghasilkan model pohon keputusan dengan akurasi,precision dan recall sebesar 100% serta menunjukan bahwa variabel status awal, jenis kelamin, asal sekolah, total satuan kredit semester mahasiswa dan index prestasi mahasiswa dari semester 1 sampai dengan semester 4, status keaktifan mahasiswa dalam kegiatan diluar akademik seperti pengurus lembaga kemahasiswaan, mempengaruhi status mahasiswa. Kata Kunci: Pola Dropout Mahasiswa, prediksi status mahasiswa, Data Mining, Decision Tree, Algoritma C4.5

The RCK2 domain of the human BKCa channel is a calcium sensor

Large conductance voltage and Ca2+-dependent K+ channels (BKCa) are activated by both membrane depolarization and intracellular Ca2+. Recent studies on bacterial channels have proposed that a Ca2+-induced conformational change within specialized regulators of K+ conductance (RCK) domains is responsible for channel gating. Each pore-forming α subunit of the homotetrameric BKCa channel is expected to contain two intracellular RCK domains. The first RCK domain in BKCa channels (RCK1) has been shown to contain residues critical for Ca2+ sensitivity, possibly participating in the formation of a Ca2+-binding site. The location and structure of the second RCK domain in the BKCa channel (RCK2) is still being examined, and the presence of a high-affinity Ca2+-binding site within this region is not yet established. Here, we present a structure-based alignment of the C terminus of BKCa and prokaryotic RCK domains that reveal the location of a second RCK domain in human BKCa channels (hSloRCK2). hSloRCK2 includes a high-affinity Ca2+-binding site (Ca bowl) and contains similar secondary structural elements as the bacterial RCK domains. Using CD spectroscopy, we provide evidence that hSloRCK2 undergoes a Ca2+-induced change in conformation, associated with an α-to-β structural transition. We also show that the Ca bowl is an essential element for the Ca2+-induced rearrangement of hSloRCK2. We speculate that the molecular rearrangements of RCK2 likely underlie the Ca2+-dependent gating mechanism of BKCa channels. A structural model of the heterodimeric complex of hSloRCK1 and hSloRCK2 domains is discussed

Temporal evaluation of secondary user interference to primary user in cognitive radio networks

In this paper, the quantity of interference on the primary user (PU) caused by the secondary user (SU) is investigated. An underlay spectrum sharing network is considered, where the different scenario of PU activity is modeled based on the duty cycle of PU channel. PU channel is classified into several activities according to the application of primary services. The interference to PU is observed in two scenarios, which are 40% and 65% utilization of the SU channel. The effect of interference to PU data rate also analyzed. Simulation results shown that as the PU channel become more congested, the quantity of interference of PU and probability of interference become increase. PU channel performance in term of data rate will improve as the shorter transmission time of SU