Physiological Responses of Hallikar Bullocks for Ploughing Work under Farming Conditions

The study was carried out in eight Hallikar bullocks aged three to five years maintained by the farmers for agricultural work at Manikikere Hosahalli, Tiptur taluk, Tumkur district, Karnataka which comes under the native tract of the breed. The pairs of bullocks were subjected to normal ploughing work followed for the cultivation of ragi crop, a small millet, using country made wooden plough with iron blade attached. Four hours of ploughing work was carried out continuously during morning session. Physiological responses such as heart rate (HR), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR) per minute, ruminal motility (RM) per five minutes and rectal temperature (RT) in degree Fahrenheit were recorded before and after ploughing work. The mean values at pre work and post work were 66.38±0.42 and 90.75±0.98 for HR, 62.92±0.37 and 88.33±0.99 for PR, 26.46±0.64 and 56.75±1.87 for RR, 4.75±0.14 and 4.33±0.13 for RM and 101.10 ± 0.06 and 103.70±0.10 for RT, respectively. The results showed significant (P<0.05) increase of all the physiological parameters except ruminal motility. It was concluded that the physiological changes during ploughing work could be associated with increased metabolism which is required to provide adequate energy and oxygen to the working muscles and also to dissipate heat. Further, the present study throws some light on the welfare measures to be followed for working animals, such as providing adequate nutrition, drinking water facility, shelter and as well as restricting the working hours to four during morning session

Guía para la evaluación Nutricional

Una cuidadosa evaluación de las necesidades nutricionales de perros y gatos debe considerarse para mantener una salud óptima, como parte del tratamiento de enfermedades o para maximizar la calidad de vida en todos los animales. Por este motivo, el objetivo de esta guía de WSAVA es que se realice una evaluación nutricional y una recomendación nutricional específica en cada paciente y en cada visita. Esto será reconocido como la 5ta evaluación vital (5VA por sus siglas en inglés), siguiendo a los otros signos vitales de temperatura, pulso, respiración y evaluación del dolor que ya se tienen en cuenta en cada visita con el paciente. Realizar una breve evaluación del estado nutricional de rutina cuando se hace la historia y el examen clínico puede hacerse como parte de la revisión del paciente. Los factores de riesgo nutricionales que pueden ser identificados fácilmente por la historia clínica y el examen físico incluyen: edad (en crecimiento o adultos mayores), índice de condición corporal sub-óptimo (sobrepeso o delgado), pérdida de masa muscular, dieta atípica o casera, condiciones médicas o cambios en el apetito. Deberá hacerse una evaluación más profunda si uno o más factores han sido identificados. Esta guía provee un criterio para evaluar al animal y la dieta, y también factores clave de alimentación y ambientales. Adicionalmente se incluyen recomendaciones para interpretación, análisis y acción para que se pueda instituir un plan para optimizar el estado nutricional del animal. El cumplimiento por el dueño de las recomendaciones nutricionales requiere un trabajo conjunto del veterinario, técnicos o enfermeros veterinarios y demás personal de la clínica. Utilizar esta guía nutricional de WSAVA trabajando con el equipo en la educación nutricional continua, realizando la implementación de los protocolos apropiados y enfocándose en la comunicación con el cliente son componentes clave para alcanzar el objetivo de la evaluación del 5to signo vital

Math-Magic Generalized Fermat Numbers

Some of you might have come across the following ‘Magic’ of numbers. Take a three-digit number, say 123. Repeat the same sequence of digits to make a six-digit number (in our case 123123). Now divide this by 7. To your surprise you get an integer again, i.e., 7 completely divides 123123 (in our case we get the quotient 17589). Next, divide the quotient by 11. Again, to your surprise, the resulting number is an integer (in our case, 1599). Finally, divide the new quotient by 13. Magic! You get back 123, i.e., you have extracted the original number. Oh! Is it really magic? I mean, does it work for all three-digit numbers? Readers may stop at this point to explore whether the magic holds for other such numbers (say 516516). Not just that, readers may try to find out whether this ‘magic’ works for all six-digit numbers. (For instance, does it work for 237765?

Not Available

Not AvailableIn the present study, clinical findings, haematological and biochemical alterations, diagnosis and management of positive cases of canine ehrlichiosis was undertaken. A total of 40 dogs affected with canine ehrlichiosis were diagnosed based on nPCR with characteristic clinical features of pyrexia, presence or history of ticks, anorexia, depression and lethargy, congested and pale conjuctival mucous membranes, vomiting, diarrhoea, melena, respiratory distress, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, petechial haemorrhages, epistaxis, ocular discharge, lameness, hind limb edema, blindness, haematuria and heart involvement. Buffy coat smear showed morula in 14 dogs out of 40 confirmed cases. Haematological alteration indicated microcytic hypochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Animals were treated with Doxycycline @10mg/kg/daily orally for 21 days and showed rapid improvement and recovery.Not Availabl

Hearing Aid Noise Reduction Algorithms Hearing Aid Noise Reduction Algorithms and the Acquisition of Novel Speech Contrasts by Young Children Algorithmes de réduction du bruit dans les appareils auditifs et acquisition de contrastes nouveaux de la parole

Abstract A previous study by the authors concluded that digital noise reduction (DNR) does not have an infl uence on the acquisition of a second language in adults. On the basis of results from adult subjects, it was inferred that DNR is not likely to infl uence language acquisition in pre-verbal infants. The present study serves as an update to determine whether the tasks being modeled could be conducted with younger participants of 4-and 5-years of age, and whether similar results would be found. Two groups of normal-hearing, monolingual English-speaking children were presented with noise-embedded Hindi speech contrasts that were diffi cult to discriminate. One group listened to both speech items and noise processed with DNR while the other group listened to unprocessed speech in noise. To ensure task appropriateness, these results were also compared to measures from a third group composed of Hindi-speaking children of the same age. Results indicated that Hindi-speaking children performed better than English-speaking children, confi rming age-appropriateness of the cross-language task, but that DNR did not enhance nor impair the acquisition of novel speech contrasts by young listeners. Abrégé Une étude précédente des mêmes auteurs a mené à la conclusion que la réduction du bruit numérique n'a pas d'infl uence sur l'acquisition d'une langue seconde chez les adultes. À partir de résultats obtenus auprès de sujets adultes, on a postulé que la réduction du bruit numérique n'était pas susceptible d'infl uencer l'acquisition d'une langue chez les jeunes enfants à l'étape préverbale. La présente étude se veut un suivi pour déterminer si les tâches démontrées pourraient servir avec de jeunes participants de 4 et 5 ans et si l'on arriverait à des résultats semblables. Dans le bruit, on a présenté à deux groupes d'enfants monolingues anglophones ayant une acuité auditive normale des sons opposés en hindi diffi ciles à distinguer. Un groupe a écouté les deux sons et le bruit transformés avec la réduction du bruit numérique, tandis que l'autre groupe a entendu les sons sans transformation. Pour assurer la pertinence de la tâche, on a aussi comparé les résultats à des mesures d'un troisième groupe d'enfants parlant le hindi et ayant le même âge. Les résultats montrent que les enfants parlant le hindi ont mieux réussi que les enfants anglophones, ce qui confi rme la pertinence de la tâche inter-linguistique pour l'âge, mais la réduction du bruit numérique n'a pas amélioré ni freiné l'acquisition de contrastes de sons nouveaux chez les jeunes

Not Available

Not AvailableTo study the pathomorphological changes and to evaluate immunohistochemical test in diagnosis of rabies, 114 brain samples from different animals like dog, cattle, horse and cat suspected for rabies were collected at post mortem. The brain samples were subjected for Negri body demonstration by Seller’s staining technique, fluorescent antibody technique, immunohistochemistry and histopathology. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescent antibody techniques detected more number (67.54 %) of rabies cases than Seller’ staining technique (56.114%). Histopathological examination demonstrated Negri bodies only in 50 per cent of rabies positive cases. The immnohistochemistry appears to be more sensitive and equivalent to FAT in significance and could be used as routine alternative diagnostic techniqueNot Availabl

Physiological Responses of Hallikar Bullocks for Ploughing Work under Farming Conditions

The study was carried out in eight Hallikar bullocks aged three to five years maintained by the farmers for agricultural work at Manikikere Hosahalli, Tiptur taluk, Tumkur district, Karnataka which comes under the native tract of the breed. The pairs of bullocks were subjected to normal ploughing work followed for the cultivation of ragi crop, a small millet, using country made wooden plough with iron blade attached. Four hours of ploughing work was carried out continuously during morning session. Physiological responses such as heart rate (HR), pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (RR) per minute, ruminal motility (RM) per five minutes and rectal temperature (RT) in degree Fahrenheit were recorded before and after ploughing work. The mean values at pre work and post work were 66.38±0.42 and 90.75±0.98 for HR, 62.92±0.37 and 88.33±0.99 for PR, 26.46±0.64 and 56.75±1.87 for RR, 4.75±0.14 and 4.33±0.13 for RM and 101.10 ± 0.06 and 103.70±0.10 for RT, respectively. The results showed significant (P<0.05) increase of all the physiological parameters except ruminal motility. It was concluded that the physiological changes during ploughing work could be associated with increased metabolism which is required to provide adequate energy and oxygen to the working muscles and also to dissipate heat. Further, the present study throws some light on the welfare measures to be followed for working animals, such as providing adequate nutrition, drinking water facility, shelter and as well as restricting the working hours to four during morning session