166 research outputs found
The effectiveness of intervention by speech therapy in vocal fold paralysis: Objective assessment
Objectivos: Analisar os resultados atingidos por um grupo de pacientes com paralisia da corda vocal, usando medidas de avaliação objectivas, antes e após intervenção de Terapia da Fala.
Materiais e Métodos: Análise retrospectiva dos resultados obtidos por um grupo de 38 pacientes com paralisia da corda vocal submetidos à intervenção da área de Terapia da Fala, num Hospital Central.
Resultados: O tipo de paralisias foi variável, sendo que a maioria dos sujeitos apresentava paralisia unilateral, em posição paramediana. As diferenças de resultados dos parâmetros jitter, shimmer e NNE revelaram-se significativas
(p < 0,05). O número médio de consultas de Terapia da Fala necessárias foi de 13,29±7,95.
Conclusões: A intervenção de Terapia da Fala em casos de paralisia da corda vocal iniciada precocemente é eficaz, evitando-se assim que os pacientes fossem submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos, já que apresentam melhoras
significativas da qualidade da voz com a intervenção terapêutica.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Freshness assessment and shelf-life prediction for Seriola dumerili from aquaculture based on the quality index method
Fish and fish-based products are easily perishable foods due to different factors, including
fragile organization, abundant endo-enzymes, psychrophilic bacteria, and impact of pre-harvest
operations, that contribute to reducing its value. Therefore, a timely effective method for fish
freshness and shelf-life evaluation is important. In this context, this study aimed to develop a sensory
scheme based on the Quality Index Method (QIM) (sensory table and point system) for freshness
monitorization and shelf-life prediction for Seriola dumerili from aquaculture in Madeira Island.
Evaluation of appearance, texture, eyes, and gills was performed during 20 days of storage on ice
(0 ± 1
â—¦C). The shelf-life prediction was supported by the analysis of microorganisms (total viable
colonies, TVC, counts), texture (Torrymeter), and production of trimethylamine (TMA), evaluated by
HS-SPME–GC–MS and validated according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists AOAC
guidelines. The result is a QIM scheme with 25 demerit points, where zero indicates total freshness.
From the integration of sensory analysis, microbial growth at the time of rejection (TVC, 108
cfu/cm2
and H2S producers, 107
cfu/cm2
), texture (Torrymeter value 12.5 mg/100 g),
shelf-life was estimated as 12 days (±0.5 days). The obtained results show the high-throughput
potential of the developed method for fish freshness assessment and shelf-life prediction. This QIM
scheme is a secure way to measure quality and provide users with a reliable standardized fish
freshness measure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Quality Index Method for fish quality control: Understanding the applications, the appointed limits and the upcoming trends
Background: The Quality Index Method (QIM) is a widely used approach for fish sensory grading, based on a
structured scaling for freshness measurements, providing information concerning the fish freshness status, as a
prediction of the remaining shelf-life for specific species or products. However, its tendency to be used in an
oversimplified way and other common misapplications could lead to discredit of a methodology with great
potential.
Scope and approach: Review the principles of QIM methodology, discussing its concept, applications, and un derstand their limits, as a useful strategy to propose improvements, reinforce its predictive power and consequent
acceptability.
Key findings and conclusions: QIM methodology is based on a compromise between the number of fish samples
necessary and the number of attributes, with sensory relevance in fish spoilage, that allows verifying if quality
requirements are fulfilled. However, the assumptions inherent to the method, undermine the reliability of the
shelf-life predictions. Determination of the variability associated with assessors, product, and correct structure of
datasets for statistical analysis, will improve the predictive power of the method. However, it could lead to an
increase in the method complexity that would drive it away from the industry’s needs for fast and easily
implemented methods.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
From aquaculture production to consumption: freshness, safety, traceability and authentication, the four pillars of quality
Farmed aquatic products are among the most widely traded commodities and one of the sectors with the fastest
growth in the last years. However, aquaculture is still affected by negative connotations in comparison with
other agroindustry sectors. Markets, consumer preferences and concerns about food safety and sustainability are
influencing the growth of the sector and are forcing the implementation of quality management systems. Modern
management systems help to minimize the environmental impacts and the distribution of unsafe or poor-quality
products, thereby reducing the potential for bad image, liability and recalls. This article presents a compre hensive overview of the status, relevance, and impact of the quality management systems in the development of
marine aquaculture, with the focus on four of the most important criteria associated with these systems:
freshness, safety, traceability, and authenticity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A systematic AQbD approach for optimization of the most influential experimental parameters on analysis of fish spoilage-related volatile amines
The volatile amines trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine (DMA) could be used
as important spoilage indices for seafood products, assisting in the determination of the rejection
period. In the present study, a systematic analytical duality-by-design (AQbD) approach was used as
a powerful strategy to optimize the most important experimental parameters of headspace solid-phase
microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) conditions for
the quantification of TMA and DMA in Sparus aurata. This optimization enabled the selection of
the best points in the method operable design region for HS-SPME extraction (30 min; 35 â—¦C; NaOH
15 M and NaCl 35%, w/v) and GC-MS analysis (80 â—¦C; gradient 50 â—¦C/min; flow rate 1 mL/min and
splitless mode). The rejection day, estimated through the TMA concentration (>12 mg/100 g, at
days 9–10), was compared with sensory (quality index method: day 7–8), physical (Torrymeter: day
8–9), and microbial (day 9–10) analysis, corroborating the suitability of the proposed approach for
estimating the period for which they will retain an acceptable level of eating quality from a safety
and sensory perspective.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Improved approach based on MALDI-TOF MS for establishment of the fish mucus protein pattern for geographic discrimination of Sparus aurata
Food fraud is still a recurrent practice throughout food supply chains. In the case of seafood, misidentification of
species and products repackaging constitute the most common frauds. Therefore, the development of appropriate analytical approaches to be used against food fraud is necessary. The present study goal is to explore for the first
time, the possibility to differentiate between Sparus aurata from two different mariculture farms located in
Madeira Island (Caniçal and Ribeira Brava), using the mass fingerprint of fish mucus obtained from MALDI-TOF MS and analyzed using Mass-UP software for multivariate statistical analysis and biomarker identification. It was possible to establish, from the mucus protein fraction, a set of potential biomarkers for each location in a total of
35 peaks, being 17 peaks specific to Caniçal located farm and 18 to Ribeira Brava. The proposed analytical
approach revealed a useful strategy providing accurate and fast results for fish geographical origin
discrimination.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Maker Club in Pre-School
The project allows pre-school children to develop the problematization of what they are learning and, in secondary school, students’ perspectives of cooperative in the development of scientific literacy. In this type of activity, children, with the help of high school students, deepen and consolidate behavioral values for life, thus enabling a positive change in their attitudes, in the way of believing, innovating, planning and persisting to conquer. Theactivities developed are accessible, both in approach and availability as well as in the cost of materials
Predictors of survival and technical success of bronchoscopic interventions in malignant airway obstruction
Background: Malignant airway obstruction (MAO) leads to quality of life impairment and increased mortality. Interventional bronchoscopy allows airway patency restoring, leading to a better survival. We investigated predictors of survival and successful bronchoscopic intervention among MAO patients. Methods: This observational prospective study enrolled 100 patients who were newly diagnosed with MAO. Survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier method and curves compared by log-rank test. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazard models. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for odds ratio calculation. Results: A proportion of 73% of the patients were male with a median age was 62.5 years (range, 21–88 years). Lung cancer was the most common primary malignancy (74%). The majority had single (61%), endoluminal (62%) lesions and were classified as grade III in Myer Cotton scale (57%). The most used techniques comprised mechanical debulking (n=81) and laser therapy (n=68). Twenty-two airway stents were placed. While eleven patients were considered untreatable, technical success was achieved in 78%. Haemorrhage was the most common acute complication (16%). No deaths occurred as a result of the procedure. Median global survival was 8 months. Adjusting for age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG), extrinsic compression or mixed airway obstructions [hazard ratio (HR) =2.075; P=0.012], successful bronchoscopic intervention (HR =0.468; P=0.025) and initiation of cancer treatment (HR =0.373; P=0.006) were independent predictors of survival. The absence of distal airway patency on thoracic CT was independently associated with failure of the intervention [odds ratio (OR) =0.013; P<0.001]. Conclusions: Interventional bronchoscopy has proven to be an efficient and safe strategy to manage MAO patients. The patients who benefit the most in terms of survival are those with purely endoluminal lesions, in whom technical success was achieved and those whose cancer-specific treatment was initiated. Distal airway patency on thoracic CT predicts the technical success of bronchoscopic intervention
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