1,504 research outputs found

    The stabilization of unstable detonation waves for the mixture of nitromethane/methanol

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    Mass velocity profiles of detonation waves in mixtures of nitromethane with acetone and methanol with added diethylenetriamine sensitizer were measured using a VISAR laser interferometer. It was found that even small, about 1%, concentrations of acetone and methanol, inert diluents, led to instability of the one-dimensional detonation front in nitromethane. The results of the experiment show that the use of the sensitizer is an effective method of flow stabilization and if the concentration of the inert diluent does not exceed 10%, the detonation front becomes stable with the addition of 1% diethylenetriamine. At a higher diluent concentration, the sensitizer does not suppress the instability but decreases the oscillation amplitude by several times. The addition of diethylenetriamine to the mixture has been found to increase the detonation velocity

    Visualization of nanoconstructions with DNA-Aptamers for targeted molecules binding on the surface of screen-printed electrodes

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    Nanoconstructions of gold nanoparticles (NPs) obtained via pulsed laser ablation in liquid with DNA-aptamer specific to protein tumor marker were visualized on the surface of screen-printed electrode using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). AuNPs/aptamer nanoconstuctions distribution on the solid surface was studied. More uniform coverage of the carbon electrode surface with the nanoconstuctions was showed in comparison with DNA-aptamer alone on the golden electrode surface. Targeted binding of the tumor marker molecules with the AuNPs/DNA-aptamer nanoconstuctions was approved

    The concentration of cadmium and lead in the solid and finely dispersed phases of snow and hair of the population of Gorny Altai

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    To create a systematic database on the presence of metals in the environment and the human body, it is necessary to conduct local studies in different regions of the Russian Federation. A comprehensive analysis of the content of cadmium and lead in different coenotic links, including the human body, has not been carried out in the Altai Republic. The aim of the study was to reveal the level of lead and cadmium accumulation in the solid and finely dispersed phases of snow and hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk. Material and methods. The content of lead and cadmium in the snow and hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk was estimated by the atomic absorption method. Snow samples were taken in the areas of 10 central coal boilers, hair samples were taken from 122 volunteers permanently residing in the city. Results. The concentration of metals in snow water exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations: for cadmium (0.004–0.008 mg/kg) by 3.8–8.2 times; for lead (0.008–0.469 mg/kg) by 2–15.6 times. In the solid phases of snow, the content of metals exceeded the permissible level by about 3 times. The average value of the concentration of cadmium in the hair of the population was 0.16 mg/kg, which did not exceed the all-Russian reference value (0.25 mg/kg), the proportion of excess among the population was 6.5 %. The lead content (3.18 mg/kg) approximately corresponded to the all-Russian values (3.0 mg/kg), the excess was found among 43 % of the population. Conclusion. As a result of the widespread use of solid fuels, the presence of cadmium and lead in the environment increases, which is confirmed by the accumulation of these metals in the snow cover and the accumulation of the analyzed microelements in the hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk

    From quantitative measurement to understanding public demand: Exploring non-survey methods in applied regional research

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    The article builds on the well-developed problem of studying trust in society towards social institutions, as well as between individuals. Currently, contact quantitative sociology faces a number of challenges, and the level of consent to participate in surveys is steadily falling. In order to reliably assess public opinion, non-contact tools for studying the digital environment are already required. The application of non-survey techniques for collecting big data using a pre-formed thesaurus allows us to select data for analysis and circumvent the problems associated with respondent recruitment. The application of SML approach to analyze digital publications of Russian-speaking users from Novosibirsk (more than 450 thousand publications) collected in 2020 has been considered. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods allowed us to describe the audience and categorize the areas of public distrust and dissatisfaction. The application of this approach can be useful for managerial tasks aimed at increasing trust in society. Thus, the study is a valuable contribution to the development of modern sociology and its applied aspects

    ВлияниС ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° частоту вСнтилятор-ассоциированной ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ: ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС

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    ΠΠšΠ’Π£ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π¬: ВСнтилятор-ассоциированная пнСвмония (Π’ΠΠŸ) остаСтся Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ нозокомиальной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Β ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ интСнсивной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π’ΠΠŸ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ госпитализации ΠΈΒ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ искусствСнной вСнтиляции Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… (Π˜Π’Π›), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ассоциируСтся с атрибутивной Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π¦Π•Π›Π¬ Π˜Π‘Π‘Π›Π•Π”ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π―: ЦСлью ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° влияния ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ носо- ΠΈΒ Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ, Π°Β Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ подсвязочного пространства Π½Π° частоту и сроки развития Π’ΠΠŸ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π΅ΠΈ, Π°Β Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ клиничСскиС исходы. ΠœΠΠ’Π•Π Π˜ΠΠ›Π« И ΠœΠ•Π’ΠžΠ”Π«: Π’Β ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ проспСктивноС исслСдованиС Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ 60 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с оТидаСмой ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π²Β ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π˜Π’Π› Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 48Β Ρ‡. ВсС ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ распрСдСлСны Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ контроля, мСстного антисСптика (МА) ΠΈΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π° (Π‘Π€). Π‘Ρ‹Π» Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ комплСкс профилактичСских мСроприятий. ВСнтилятор-ассоциированныС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ события (Π’ΠΠ˜Π‘), Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π’ΠΠŸ, Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° основании клиничСских, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, микробиологичСских, ΠΈΒ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований. Π”ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π’ΠΠŸ считался ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ шкалС CPIS β‰₯Β 6Β Π±Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². РЕЗУЛЬВАВЫ: ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ частота развития Π’ΠΠ˜Π‘ достовСрно Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ и составила Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… контроля, МА ΠΈΒ Π‘Π€ 15 (75Β %), 14 (70Β %) ΠΈΒ 17 (85Β %) случаСв соотвСтствСнно. Частота развития Π’ΠΠŸ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° достовСрно Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… МА ΠΈΒ Π‘Π€ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с контролСм: ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ случая Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… МА ΠΈΒ Π‘Π€ (ΠΏΠΎ 15Β %) ΠΈΒ 10 случаСв (50Β %) Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ контроля (Ο‡2Β =Β 8,35; pΒ =Β 0,015). Π‘Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΒ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ риска Π’ΠΠŸ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ МА ΠΈΒ Π‘Π€ составило 35 ΠΈΒ 70Β % соотвСтствСнно. ΠžΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ составила 30Β %, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡΡΡŒ достовСрно ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ Π’ΠΠŸ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° тСндСнция ΠΊΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ в сравнСнии с нСослоТнСнной Π˜Π’Π›. ВыявлСна тСндСнция ΠΊΒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ частоты вСнтилятор-ассоциированного Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ…Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π° Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π‘Π€ и бСссимптомной ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… МА ΠΈΒ Π‘Π€ (pΒ =Β 0,07). НС выявлСно Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π˜Π’Π› и госпитализации Π²Β ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ интСнсивной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ и стационарС. Π’Π«Π’ΠžΠ”Π«: ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ…Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ подсвязочноС пространство, c использованиСм ΠΎΠΊΡ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΒ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π° позволяСт ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ риск развития Π’ΠΠŸ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ измСняСт частоту Π’ΠΠ˜Π‘. ДСконтаминация ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° состояниС ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ° Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ
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