Multiderivative methods for linear second order boundary value prob1ems

Second, fourth and sixth order methods are developed and analysed for the numerical solution of linear second order boundary value problems. The methods are developed by replacing the exponential terms in a three—point recurrence relation by Padé approximants. The methods are tested on a problem from the literatur

Implicit methods for the simple wave equation

A family of finite difference methods is developed for the numerical solution of the simple wave equation. Local truncation errors are cal- culated for each member of the family and each is analyzed for stability. The concepts of A0 -stability and L0 -stability, well-used in the literature on other types of partial differential equation, are discussed in relation to second order hyperbolic equations. The numerical methods are extended to cover two-dimensional wave equations and the methods developed in the paper are tested on three problems from the literature. w925948

Multiderivative methods for nonlinear second order boundary value problems

Second, fourth and sixth order methods are developed and analysed for the numerical solution of non-linear second order boundary value problems. The methods arise from a two-step recurrence relation involving exponential terms, these being replaced by Padé approximants . The methods are tested on two problems from the literature

Food preference in the cultured species, Penaeus monodon Fabricius (Crustacea: Decapoda)

The study of food preference is necessitated by the need to promote coastal culture of shrimps in Pakistan. The cultured Penaeus monodon was selected for study. Food preferences have been examined through the analysis of the gut contents. The shrimp shows a seasonal variation in its preference to food and feeding

Three new records of mysids (Crustacea: Mysidacea) from the northern Arabian Sea

This paper with the systematic study of three species of mysids, collected by R/V "Dr. Fridtjof Nansen", which are new to the northern Arabian Sea. The three species described and illustrated are: Siriella affinis Hansen, Afromysis macropsis Tattersal and Acanthomysis quadrispinosa Nouvel

Antenatal care and the occurrence of Low Birth Weight delivery among women in remote mountainous region of Chitral, Pakistan

Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is closely associated with perinatal morbidity and bears an increased risk for subsequent infant morbidity. The study aimed to assess low birth weight delivery factors among women in Chitral, Pakistan. Methodology: Mixed Methodology was adopted. Structured data collection tool was used to collect information from medical records of 1316 mothers, followed by interviews and focus group discussions to understand the causes and their remedies. The main outcome measure was infants born with low birth weight LBW (\u3c2.5kg). Result: There was a significant association between the occurrence of low birth weight and maternal education, paternal education, and paternal occupation. Mothers who received antenatal care were more likely to deliver normal weight babies compared to those who did not. Women with more than four antenatal visits were six times as likely to deliver normal weight babies. Key facilitators for using antenatal services include information received from health center staff during home visits, advice from mothers and mother in-laws, and programs on media. Barriers include high cost for antenatal care, non-availability of transport, particularly in emergencies, and lack of awareness about benefits of antenatal care. Conclusion: The study suggested proper strategies for antenatal care to increase the awareness among women living in remote locations. The limitations are needed to be identified and considered when designing interventions to reduce LBW deliveries in Pakistan

Leadership for Social Justice: Capacity-Building Resource Manual

This manual supports the development of new leaders committed to social justice. As a resource for facilitators of workshops and other education and training events, it shares session designs, exercises, handouts, short readings, and other materials that were developed through our work on Leadership for Social Justice Institutes organized at the request of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program

Analytical investigation of selected pesticide residues from fruits and vegetables by an improved extraction method using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatograph

Pesticide residues like chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and dichlorvos were monitored by an improved extraction method from apple, peach and potato using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The selected pesticides were extracted from fruits and vegetable samples using smaller volume of ethyl-acetate, anhydrous sodium sulphate, and sodium chloride. Cleanup of extract was done with activated charcoal. Final extracts of fruits and vegetable samples were analysed using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with a ultra-violet detector in an isocratic mode. Maximum residue levels (MRL), 0.924, 1.630 and 0.454 μg/g for chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and deltamethrin were found in peach respectively. The MRL 0.283 μg/g for dichlorvos was found in apple samples. All these observed results were compared with Codex maximum residue levels. It was found that cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos residual amounts were greater than MRLs, so their spray on the target crops should be limited because these are resistant to the degradation.Keywords: Pesticide residues, reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, dichlorvo

Complete larval development of the hermit crabs Clibanarius aequabilis and Clibanarius erythropus (Decapoda : Anomura : Diogenidae), under laboratory conditions, with a revision of the larval features of genus Clibanarius

The complete larval development (four zoeae and one megalopa) of Clibanarius aequabilis and C. erythropus, reared under laboratory conditions, is described and illustrated. The larval stages of the two northeastern Atlantic Clibanarius species cannot be easily differentiated. Their morphological characters are compared with those of other known Clibanarius larvae. The genus Clibanarius is very homogeneous with respect to larval characters. All Clibanarius zoeae display a broad and blunt rostrum, smooth abdominal segments and an antennal scale without a terminal spine. Beyond the second zoeal stage, the fourth telson process is present as a fused spine, and the uropods are biramous. In the fourth larval stage all species display a mandibular palp. The Clibanarius megalopa presents weakly developed or no ocular scales, symmetrical chelipeds, apically curved corneous dactylus in the second and third pereiopods, and 5-11 setae on the posterior margin of the telson. Apart from the number of zoeal stages, Clibanarius species may be separated, beyond the second zoeal stage, by the telson formula and the morphology of the fourth telson process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio