Contaminante em vinho: análise de ocratoxina A por cromatografia líquida de ultraeficiência e espectrometria de massas sequencial (UPLC®-MS/MS).

A ocratoxina A (OTA) é uma micotoxina carcinogênica e mutagênica que pode ser encontrada em uvas e vinho principalmente quando contaminados com Aspergillus carbonarius. A incidência de ocratoxina A nas amostras de vinho foi verificada usando uma metodologia baseada no método AOAC Official Method 2001.01, com quantificação por Cromatografia Líquida de Ultraeficiência CLUE/EM/EM. Dentre as 25 amostras de vinho avaliadas, a concentração média de OTA foi de 0,115 µg/kg e variaram na faixa de 0,059 - 0,455 µg/kg, todas estão abaixo do limite máximo tolerado recomendado pela legislação brasileira vigente (2 µg/kg para ocratoxina A em vinho).bitstream/item/119176/1/2014-CTec-201-Contaminante-em-vinho.pd

Embryo transfer from seropositive goats for caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) with birth of seronegative kid.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether recipient goats would seroconvert following transfer of embryos collected from donor goats seropositive for CAEV and if kids produced would be clinically normal and seronegative for CAEV. Four does (Saanen and Alpine), seropositive for CAEV, were used as donors, receiving superovulation treatment consisting of progestagen, cloprostenol and FSH. During estrus the donors were mated with seropositive bucks. Seven days after estrus, embryo recovery was performed by surgery. The embryos were then frozen according to the protocol of the International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS). Twelve seronegative does were used as recipients and received an estrus synchronization treatment consisting of progestagen, cloprostenol and eCG. Embryo transfer was performed seven days after synchronized estrus using the semilaparoscopy technique. Pregnancy was verified in one of twelve recipients, that remained seronegative until six months after giving birth and the kid until six months of age. The preliminary success in producing CAEV negative kids and failure of seroconversion in previously seronegative recipients in this study suggests that embryo transfer technology may offer an alternative in the prevention of CAEV transmission in goat herds as well for the utilization of genetic patrimony of seropositive goats. [Transferência de embriões de cabras soropositivas para artrite-encefalite caprina a vírus (CAEV) com nascimento de cria soronegativa]. Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se cabras receptoras sofreriam soroconversão após a transferência de embriões colhidos de cabras soropositivas e se as crias nascidas seriam clinicamente normais e soronegativas para CAEV. Foram utilizadas quatro cabras (Saanen e Alpina), todas soropositivas para CAEV e que receberam um tratamento superovulatório que consistiu no uso de progestágeno, cloprostenol e FSH. Durante o estro, as doadoras foram cobertas por bodes soropositivos. Sete dias após o estro, a colheita de embriões foi realizada utilizando a técnica cirúrgica. Os embriões colhidos foram congelados de acordo com o protocolo da Sociedade Internacional de Transferência de Embriões (IETS). Doze cabras soronegativas foram utilizadas como receptoras e receberam um tratamento de sincronização do estro consistindo de progestágeno, cloprostenol e eCG. A transferência de embriões foi realizada sete dias após o estro sincronizado usando a técnica de semi-laparoscopia. A gestação foi confirmada em uma das doze receptoras, a qual permaneceu soronegativa até seis meses após o parto e sua cria até os seis meses de idade. O sucesso preliminar na produção de crias soronegativas para CAEV e a não soroconversão em receptoras soronegativas sugere que a tecnologia de transferência de embriões pode oferecer uma alternativa para a profilaxia da CAEV em rebanhos caprinos, bem como para o aproveitamento do patrimônio genético de animais soropositivos

Damage assessment of NCF, 2D and 3D woven composites under compression after multiple-impact using acoustic emission

This study is devoted to the damage characterization of Non-Crimp Fabric (NCF), 2D plain-woven (2D-PW) and 3D orthogonal plain-woven (ORT-PW) carbon/epoxy laminates, subjected to compression after multiple-impact loading, using Acoustic Emission (AE). The ultrasonic C-scan images showed that the interlaminar damage area induced by the single and 3-impact in ORT-PW architecture is 3 and 2 times smaller than NCF and 2D-PW architectures respectively. The impacted specimens were then subjected to the in-plane compression load. Two indices, one based on the mechanical response and another one based on the AE behavior of the laminates, were proposed to compare the performance of different architectures. These indices showed that the ORT-PW had the best performance among all the architectures. Finally, AE was used to distinguish the different damage mechanisms including: matrix cracking, intra and inter-yarn debonding, defected-fiber breakage, intact-fiber breakage and z-binder fiber breakage in the CAI tests of the architectures

ENHANCEMENT OF MODE I FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF ADHESIVELY BONDED SECONDARY JOINTS USING LAYUP PATTERNING OF CFRP

This work aims to analyse the influence of the CFRP layup patterning on the crack path of composite bonded joints and evaluate its effect on the mode I fracture toughness. An experimental program has been performed using Double Cantilever Beam tests with three different CFRP layup patterning and two adhesives. In addition, a finite element analysis was also implemented to further identify different damage mechanisms during the tests. The outcome shows that different substrate CFRP layup patterning results in distinct crack onsets and propagation paths during the tests, also influenced by the type of adhesive used. Furthermore, an enhancement of around 25% in the joint's onset fracture toughness was observed with the layup patterning compared to a reference joint (with unidirectional layup). Thus, the substrate's patterning morphology seems to be a promising method to increase the mode I fracture toughness of the studied secondary joints

Polyphenol extraction by deep eutectic solvent for valorisation of portuguese green tea and their impact on chitosan-based films properties

The current demand for antioxidant active packaging, that is achieved by introducing antioxidants into food packaging material, is increasing due to both the unquestionable advantages compared to the addition of antioxidants directly to the food and the tendency to consume healthy and fresh products. When developing active packaging materials, research has been focused on natural and biodegradable polymers (such as polysaccharides like chitosan) containing polyphenol compounds (as bio preservative) in their formulation. Due to their rare solvation properties, the natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), are considered good solvents to be used as an extraction medium of bioactive products. Moreover, the search for the use of ecological solvents for this field has intensified due to their acceptable toxicity profile and chemical diversity. The use of these inexpensive, non-volatile, and nonaqueous biodegradable solvents, complying with the Green Chemistry principles, could potentially improve the stability of the polyphenolic compounds allowing to retard food spoilage for packaging material, Catechins (components of green tea (GT)), a polyphenolic group known for its high value-added antioxidant properties, have been associated with health-promoting effects. In this sense, the incorporation of GT components for food application purposes and as active ingredient in packaging materials can be expected to improve food functionality and availability, while performing a dual role (antioxidant and antimicrobial agent) and possibly also having low-cost advantages. In this work, for the first time, a ternary deep eutectic solvent (ChCl/glycerol/lactic acid) was used as an environmentally friendly media for the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from green tea. The extraction solution was compared with traditional method and used to improve chitosan film properties. The casting method used to produce films with and without GT/NADES plasticizer. Transparent films were obtained and evaluated in terms of mechanical, water resistance, optical and microstructural properties. The results were compared with those obtained for chitosan films containing binary deep eutectic solvents (ChCl/glycerol and ChCl/lactic acid, with and without GT)) as plasticizers in their formulations.The work was supported through the project UIDB/50006/2020, funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds and by the AgriFood XXI I&D&I project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000041 co-financed by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the NORTE 2020. N Teixeira and Hiléia Souza thanks FCT for CEECIND/00025/2018/CP1545/CT0009 and PTDC/OCE-ETA/31250/2017 project respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nutrientes e compostos bioativos de coproduto do processamento de suco de umbu.

centrifugação tem sido amplamente empregada na indústria de sucos como um pré-tratamento, visando à padronização do produto pela correção do teor de sólidos em suspensão. Esta etapa facilita o escoamento e as operações posteriores como, por exemplo, a concentração ou a filtração em membranas. Na operação de centrifugação há geração de um coproduto, que, em muitos casos, é descartado pela indústria de alimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição nutricional e os compostos bioativos da torta resultante da centrifugação do suco de umbu. A torta foi obtida pela centrifugação do suco integral em centrífuga de cesto. Para a caracterização da torta, foram realizadas determinações da composição centesimal e mineral, das características físico-químicas, dos carotenoides totais e perfil, dos compostos fenólicos totais, teor de flavonoides e de vitamina C, além da atividade antioxidante. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa mostraram que os teores de compostos bioativos e a atividade antioxidante desse coproduto são similares aos da polpa de umbu integral, tendo assim potencial para ser utilizado pela indústria de alimentos na formulação de novos produtos, contribuindo para uma maior agregação de valor à fruta.IV CBPFH

Production of photocatalytic road pavements using TiO2 nanoparticles

posterMan’s activity and mismanagement of resources conducted to dangerous levels of pollution in water, air and earth and to incalculable deficiencies, harmful to the physical and social health of mankind. Industrial activities, heating systems and road traffic are the main responsibles for the emission of pollutant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As so, its harmful impacts are observed far beyond large cities and jam-packed streets. It is important to refer that the health costs related only with road traffic air pollution represents 0.9%-2.7% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in France, for example. Under this context, the combination of nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) and bituminous formulations represents a tool, with considerable degree of innovation, towards the reduction of environmental impacts. In this work, conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA) was produced with standard materials to play the role of a control sample. Afterwards, an aqueous solution of TiO2 nanoparticles was sprayed over sample’s surface. By another hand, a HMA samples was also modified through the volume incorporation of small quantities of TiO2 nanoparticles and recycled glass cullets. It is expected that the inclusion of glass in the asphalt formulations should promote an in-depth conduction and entrapment of light , thus enhancing the photocatalytic performance of this samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis were conducted in order to infer about the morphology of the modified HMA samples and the surface as well as the in-depth dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles and recycled glass cullets. The produced samples were also subjected to wearing tests using the tire-road contact method. Before and after the wearing process, the photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated via the decomposition rate of an aqueous solution of Methylene Blue (MB) under UV light irradiation

Worsening of pain and swelling following triamcinolone hexacetonide intra-articular injection: a prospective study in a cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases

Div Rheumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc