Population dynamics and reproduction biology of slender mudskipper (Scartelaos tenuis) from Hormuzgan Province creeks, Persian Gulf

Slender Mudskipper (Scartelaos tenuis) is one of the dominant fishes in inter-tidal mud flats area. Reproduction and population parameters of 2047 Slender mudskipper were studied monthly from october 2008 to september 2009. The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated as 19.43(cm) and 0.64(yr-1), respectively. The minimum and maximum T.L. was 1.1 and 19.5cm, respectively. The value of to was -8.28, and Tmax was 4.6 year. The growth equation of Von Bertalanffy was obtained at L(t) = 19.43(1- exp (-0.64(t(-0.28))) for this species. The rates of natural mortality (M) on Pauly's empirical equation, was estimated 1.51 (yr-1). Five cohorts were distinguished annualy on Bhattacharya's method with mean length of 7.89, 11.42, 13.86, 15.6 and 16.81cm. Maximum recruitment was in Seprember at 18.8 percent. Reproductive studies showed that peak of maturity season occurred in April. The female to male ratio was calculated as 1:1.47 and chi-square analysis showed that it was statistically significant deviated from 1:1. LM50 is attained at a total length of 13.3cm. The mean of absolute and relative fecundity were 6742 (±1939) and 707 (±210), respectively. The length-weight relationship was as W= 0.02735 L 2.1655, that was isometric growth. Result showed that slender mudskipper population was in congenial condition, nevertheless less not evaluated

A survey on plankto an investigation on ecology of mudskippers in Hormuzgan coastal areas communities in Bandar Abbas coastal area

The most important habitats of mudskippers are muddy areas in tidal zone of tropical mangrove forests. Mudskippers are related to Oxudercinae subfamily of Gobiid fishes. Three most distributed species of Hormozgan mudskippers were Periophthalmus waltoni, Boleophthalmus dussumieri and Scartelaos tenuis. These fishes can be considered as euryhaline and eurythermal aquatic species, because they can tolerate a wide range of salinity and temperature. A research was done since september 2008 to september 2009 in two important mangrove regions of Hormuzgan (Tyab and Khamir) to determine some ecological characteristics of inhabited mudskipper species. Results showed that nitrate levels are significantly different between tidal lines and seasons (P<0.05). Maximum nitrite concentrations were recorded 53.2 and 92.5 µg/l in Khamir and Tyab respectively. The annual correlation matrix showed that a positive correlation between phosphate concentration and nitrite and silicate (P<0.05). Silicate concentration was very high, because of too low density of diatoms and radiolarians. Some species of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria and larvae of crustacea and echinoderms were observed with different density and diversity. Sediment composition of the studied areas were categorized in three classes (clay, sand and clay - sand). Polychaetes formed dominant group of benthic fauna in Tyab and Khamir areas. High density of capitellid worms was possibly related to some environmntal stress caused by activity of fishing and cargo vessels. It was not observed significant difference between fishes length in two areas (P<0.05); Mean lengths of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 9.85, 14.7 and 11.5 cm respectively. Spawning period of each three species in both areas were obtained from late winter to late spring based on gonadosomatic index values. Male to female sex ratio of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were calculated 1:0.45, 1:0.41and 1:0.74 respectively. Absolute fecundity of P. waltoni, B. dussumieri and S. tenuis were estimated 3558 ± 2202, 3952 ± 1030 and 6742 ± 1939 respectively. P. waltoni feeds mainly on fiddler crab, S. tenuis uses crustaceans and gastropods and B. dussumieri has a vegetarian diet

Hydrobiological studies on selected creeks in east Hormozgan for shrimp culture pond purpose

The coastal ecosystem, which represents the boundary in between pelagic province and land, is a complex one. Since most probes of physico-chemical characteristic in coastal ecosystem are unstable, it affects the distribution and abundance of the biota in it. The aim of this project was to determine Hydro-biological studies on the important creeks of East Hormozgan for shrimp culture pond purpose. Three creeks was selected on east coast namely as (Azini, Jask and Khalasi) and three stations in every creek which situated at the mouth, middle and end of the creek. The work in the project is incorporated in living and nonliving characteristics; the sampling period was in four seasons of 1384. Water characteristic like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D), salinity, carbon dioxide(Co2), nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, silicate, total dissolved solid (T.D.S), total suspended particle,(T.S.S) and hydrogen sulphide (H2s). The recorded mean of these parameters in Azini creek (25.5±1.05 c), (8.11±0.13), (7.21±0.82 mg/l), (2.3±0.73 mg/l), (38.07± 0.86 ppt), (12.4±1.8 mg/l), (3.12±2.8 μg/l), (0.27±0.19 μg/l), (1.39±0.99 μg/l), (0.27±0.22 μg/l),(9.78±5.36 μg/l), (28.2±2.1 g/l), (37.6±11 mg/l),(0.1±0.07 mg/l), Jask creek (27.5±1.1 c ), (7.96±0.33), (6.79±0.77 mg/l), (2.9±0.96 mg/l), (38.77± 1.68 ppt), (10.8±3.4 mg/l), (3.51±2.2μg/l), (0.2±0.15 μg/l), (2.13±1.48 μg/l), (0.55±0.42 μg/l), (13±6.3 μg/l), (38.8±1.9 g/l), (37.1±13 mg/l),(0.32±0.28 mg/l), and Khalasi creek (28.2±1.9 c), (8.04±0.16), (6.9±0.48 mg/l), (2.22±1.03 mg/l), (38.79± 1.46 ppt), (12 ±1.1 mg/l), (3.08±1.4 μg/l), (0.2±0.14 μg/l), (1.41±0.65 μg/l), (0.45±0.39 μg/l), (13.3±4.2 μg/l), (38±3.5 g/l), (35.3±9 mg/l),(0.08±0.04 mg/l), respectively. The range of Total Organic Matter and Total Phosphor of sediment in Azini creek recorded as (4.99-10.57), (0.4-1.73), Jask creek (2.57-5.89), (0.0-1.99) and Khalasi creek (5.23-6.89), (0.59-1.09) respectively. Comparison of concentration mean between three creek shows there was significant difference between Temperature , pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity, free Carbon dioxide, Silicate, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton (P<0.05. Phytoplankton with (31 genera from 3 families),(34genera from 4 families) and (38 genera from 3 families) were recorded in Azini, Jask and Khalasi creeks respectively. Zooplankton with 12, 12, and 10 group was present in Azini, Jask and Khalasi creeks. Macrofauna with (54 species from 38 families and 20 Order), (35species from 25 families and 17 Order) and (51 149 species from 39 families and 20 Order) were recorded from Azini, Jask and Khalasi creeks respectively. Minimum and Maximum density of phytoplankton in Azini, Jask and Khalasi creeks were (63-22914), (68-94320) and (280-5523) in liter, Zooplankton (193048-226337), (36750-713753) and (32625-489532) in m^3 and Macrofauna (6400-11357), (8375-24800), and (900-12473) in m^2, Total Count (90-3400), (70-22150), and (0-2250) in one gram sediment and Total Vibrio (43-2400), (15-2400) and (25-460) in one gram sediment respectively

Investigation of fouling of surface modified Polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane bioreactor via Zinc oxide-nanoparticles under coagulant for municipal wastewater treatment

In this study, hollow fiber PVC/ZnO-nanocomposite in an MBR was investigated for municipal wastewater treatment. The following parameter were evaluated: BOD, COD, TSS, NTU, TP, TKN. ZnO nanoparticles caused to decrease the contact angle from 78° to 67° for the neat PVC and 0.5 wt% ZNO-nanocomposite membrane, respectively. The majority of the neat membrane resistance was due to irreversible resistance. Because of the antibacterial properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles, with increasing nanoparticles loading, the resistance of irreversible part compared to the reversible resistance experienced a significant decrease. This confirm that the fabricated nanocomposite membranes did not show affinity toward adsorption of the sludge inside the pores hence substantially limited the membrane fouling. The FTIR results showed the reduction of proteins and polysaccharides onto the surface of the nanoparticle-incorporated membranes, approaching the clean PVC membrane. This was most likely due to the antibacterial properties of ZnO NPs. Nitrogen and phosphor removal for PVC0.5 membrane was 99% and 79% and TSS removal up to 100% was achieved. The findings of this study showed that modification of PVC polymer using ZnO nanoparticles with the presence of ferric chloride coagulant is a very effective technique for municipal wastewater treatment to meet the well-known standard levels

Clinical Significance of Plasma Levels of Gluconeogenic Amino Acids in Esophageal Cancer Patients

OBJECTIVE: Metabolic processes in the body of people with and without esophageal cancer (EC) are significantly different. Therefore, changes in the metabolism of amino acids in the body of EC patients can lead to metabolic disorders, such as increased gluconeogenesis. The aim of this study was the comparison of the plasma levels of gluconeogenic amino acids between patients with EC and the control group. METHODS: Plasma samples of 37 patients with EC who were selected before any treatment or surgery, and 37 healthy adults who did not have history of family cancer and malignant diseases were taken. Analysis of the plasma levels of amino acids including, alanine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, serine, arginine, histidine, methionine, threonine, valine, tyrosine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan was done by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) based on reverse-phase-chromatography. Data analysis was done by SPSS-16 software. RESULTS: In the patient group the mean age ± SD was 63±13.64 and 21 (56.8) were male.The plasma levels of the alanine, asparagine, histidine, methionine, threonine, valine amino acids in the patients with esophageal cancer was significantly reduced and glycine was increased (p-value<0.05). CONCLUSION: Gluconeogenic amino acids are the main precursor of glucose synthesis in the gluconeogenesis pathway. Cancer cells need more energy to grow and multiply, and glucose is used as the main fuel for cells. Given the importance of metabolic pathways in cancer cells, more detailed studies at the molecular level can provide new insights into early detection and appropriate treatment strategies for cancer

Intergenerational effects of maternal separation on cognitive abilities of adolescent rats

Early life adversity (ELA) is a predisposing factor for the development of behavioral and emotional disorders later in life. In humans, primates and rodents, interruption in the mother�infant relationships, and disorganized maternal care negatively influence appropriate behavioral responses and may cause cognitive deficits. Epidemiological studies suggest that ELA-induced behavioral alterations can be transmitted across generations. In this study, we investigated the cognitive abilities of male and female rats in the second filial (F2) generations whose mother, father, or both of their parents were undergoing a 180 min/day maternal separation (MS) paradigm during infancy (postnatal day (PND) 1-21). Cognitive abilities (in the open field, Morris water maze, and social interaction task) of F2 pups were tested during adolescence. Our results showed that although the mother-MS group of both sexes showed normal cognitive behavior, father-MS female pups showed more anxiety in the open field, and social interaction and spatial memory impaired in this group. These impairments were not pronounced in every detail in father-MS male pups. Moreover, rat pups that both parents experienced MS during infancy, showed normal cognitive behavior. Our data support the idea that MS-induced cognitive impairments could be transmitted across generations. Considerably, the experiences of one's parents could be inherited in the following generation in a sex-dependent manner. © 2020 International Society for Developmental Neuroscienc