Structure of CdTe/ZnTe superlattices

The structure of CdTe/ZnTe superlattices has been analyzed through θ/2θ x‐ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and in situ reflection high‐energy electron diffraction (RHEED) measurements. Samples are found to break away from Cd_(x)Zn_(1−x)Te buffer layers as a consequence of the 6% lattice mismatch in this system. However, defect densities in these superlattices are seen to drop dramatically away from the buffer layer interface, accounting for the intense photoluminescence and high‐average strain fields seen in each of our samples. Observed variations in residual strains suggest that growth conditions play a role in forming misfit defects. This could explain discrepancies with calculated values of critical thickness based on models which neglect growth conditions. Photoluminescence spectra reveal that layer‐to‐layer growth proceeded with single monolayer uniformity, suggesting highly reproducible growth. Our results give hope for relatively defect‐free Cd_(x)Zn_(1−x)Te/Cd_(y)Zn_(1−y)Te superlattices with the potential for applications to optoelectronics offered by intense visible light emitters

Experimental Study of Parametric Autoresonance in Faraday Waves

The excitation of large amplitude nonlinear waves is achieved via parametric autoresonance of Faraday waves. We experimentally demonstrate that phase locking to low amplitude driving can generate persistent high-amplitude growth of nonlinear waves in a dissipative system. The experiments presented are in excellent agreement with theory.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) of women migrant workers in the ASEAN region: a systematic narrative review and synthesis.

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is central to achievement of UN sustainable development goals (SDGs). Women’s migration has wide-reaching implications for their SRH, increasing vulnerabilities and risky behaviours with potential negative implications for both migrants’ fitness to work and host countries’ public health systems. Given the scale of migration within the ASEAN region, we synthesise the literature and identify priorities for future research

Perspectives on formation and properties of semiconductor interfaces

Recent progress in experimentally and theoretically understanding interfaces at the atomic level suggest that ultimate electronic systems may one day be fabricated on a single integrated chip. If such elements as Si VLSI processors, GaAs/AIAs integrated optoelectronic 10 devices, II-VI superlattice visible displays and high speed III-V processors are to be integrated, interface formation and in situ processing will be required at a level of sophistication well beyond what is available today. In this paper, we review recent developments in interface formation by both MOCVD and MBE. To illustrate the power of our diagnostic methods, the details of epitaxial interface formation on an atomic scale are reviewed for lattice matched systems (Ge/GaAs/AIAs) and epitaxial silicides (Ni/Si2/Si) as well as oxidation of silicon to form Si/SiO2 interfaces. New developments in using lattice mismatched superlattices with strained layers are discussed for CdTe/ZnTe. Additional complications of growing compound semiconductors on elemental substrates (e.g., anti-phase domains) are discussed for GaAs growth on Si(l00)

Perspectives on formation and properties of semiconductor interfaces

Recent progress in experimentally and theoretically understanding interfaces at the atomic level suggest that ultimate electronic systems may one day be fabricated on a single integrated chip. If such elements as Si VLSI processors, GaAs/AIAs integrated optoelectronic 10 devices, II-VI superlattice visible displays and high speed III-V processors are to be integrated, interface formation and in situ processing will be required at a level of sophistication well beyond what is available today. In this paper, we review recent developments in interface formation by both MOCVD and MBE. To illustrate the power of our diagnostic methods, the details of epitaxial interface formation on an atomic scale are reviewed for lattice matched systems (Ge/GaAs/AIAs) and epitaxial silicides (Ni/Si2/Si) as well as oxidation of silicon to form Si/SiO2 interfaces. New developments in using lattice mismatched superlattices with strained layers are discussed for CdTe/ZnTe. Additional complications of growing compound semiconductors on elemental substrates (e.g., anti-phase domains) are discussed for GaAs growth on Si(l00)

Towards a protocol for the attachment of metadata to service descriptions and its use in semantic discovery

Service discovery in large scale, open distributed systems is difficult because of te need to filter out services suitable to the task at hand from a potentially huge pool of possibilities. Semantic descriptions have been advocated as the key to expressive service discovery, but the most commonly used service descriptions and registry protocol, its implementation and as API for registering semantic service descriptions and other task/user-specific metadata, and for discovering services according to these. Our approach is based on a mechanism for attaching structured and unstructured metadata, which we show to be applicable to multiple registry technologies. The result is an extremely flexible service registry that can be the basis of a sophisticated semantically-enhanced service discovery engine, an essential component of a Semantic Grid

Decline in an Atlantic Puffin population : evaluation of magnitude and mechanisms

Funding: This study was funded annually by Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust (www.fairislebirdobs.co.uk) with contributions from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (jncc.defra.gov.uk). Funding was received from these two sources by Fair Isle Bird Observatory from 1986 to 2013. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee and Fair Isle Bird Observatory Trust supplied guidance on study design, data collection, analyses, preparation of the manuscript and the decision to publish.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

At the limits of ‘Capability’: The sexual and reproductive health of women migrant workers in Malaysia

Despite the centrality of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) to UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), women migrant workers in Malaysia face an environment inimical to their SRH needs. Drawing on qualitative case study material, we present the first empirical application of the Capability Approach (CA) to explore the reproductive health needs of women migrant workers in a developing country, offering an original analysis of the capability for SRH of these women. Specifically, we explore the resources available to them; their opportunities and freedoms (‘capabilities’); and factors which mediate transformation of resources into capability sets (‘conversion factors’). While SRH information and healthcare is notionally available, women migrant workers face multiple challenges in converting resources into functionings, constraining the achievement of capability for SRH. Challenges include language barriers, personal beliefs, power relations between workers and employers and the consequences of current migration policy. We consider the scale of the challenges facing these women in securing SRH rights, the difficulties of operationalising the CA within such a setting, and the implications of our findings for the adequacy of the CA in supporting marginalised populations