Comparative evaluation of the length of resin tags, viscosity and microleakage of pit and fissure sealants – an in vitro scanning electron microscope study

Introduction : In this era of preventive dentistry, many techniques are available for prevention of caries, such as plaque control, use of systemic and local fluorides and pit and fissure sealants. The rationale of pit and fissure sealants is that, when they are applied into the caries prone fissures, they penetrate and seal them from the oral environment. This study aims to correlate the relationship between the viscosity of the sealant, resin tag length and microleakage. Materials and Methods : 30 third molars were selected for study. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group E: Embrace wetbond, H: Helioseal, G: Guardian seal. Teeth were cleaned with pumice prophylaxis and pretreated with acid etching and bonding agent. The respective pit and fissure sealants were applied. Teeth were placed in 1% methylene blue dye and sectioned mesio-distally into two halves. These were used to assess the microleakage using stereomicroscope and resin tag length using SEM. Viscosity was assessed using Brooke′s field viscometer. Results : Viscosity was lowest for Embrace wetbond and highest for Guardian seal. Microleakage scores were highest with Guardian seal and lowest with Embrace wetbond. Resin tag lengths were longer with Embrace wetbond as compared to other groups. There is a definite negative correlation between viscosity, resin tag length and microleakage. Lower the viscosity, the longer were the resin tags and the microleakage decreased. Embrace wetbond pit and fissure sealant had lowest viscosity, longest resin tag length and lowest microleakage scores. Conclusion : Embrace wetbond appears to be compatible with residual moisture and ideal for use in children, where isolation is a problem

Finite Element Stress Analysis of Stainless Steel Crowns

Background: Though stainless steel crowns (SSCs) have often been stated as the best restorative modality, there are limited studies demonstrating its efficacy in restoring the functional integrity of the primary dentition. Hence has arisen, the necessity to establish the supremacy of SSCs. Aim: Evaluation of the efficacy of SSC to with stand compressive (0°), shearing (90°), and torsional (45°) stress when used as a restorative material. Settings and Design: The study design employed four finite element models, each with differing amounts of tooth structure, which were exported to ANSYS software and subjected to an average simulated bite force of 245N. Materials and Methods: Four maxillary deciduous primary molars restored with SSCs (3M ESPE) were subjected to spiral computed tomography (CT) in order to obtain three-dimensional (3D) images, which were then converted into finite element models. They were each subjected to forces along the long axis of the tooth and at 45°and 90°. Results: The maximal equivalent von Mises stress was demonstrated in the SSCs of all the models with only a minimal amount observed in the underlying dentine. In all situations, the maximal equivalent von Mises stress was well below the ultimate tensile strength values of stainless steel and dentine. Conclusion: Even at maximal physiologic masticatory force levels, a grossly destructed tooth restored with SSC is able to resist deformation

"EFFECT OF CHLORHEXIDINE VARNISH MOUTHGUARD ON THE LEVELS OF SALIVARY MUTANS COUNT AND SALIVARY pH IN EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES PATIENTS- AN IN VIVO STUDY".

Objectives: To assess the effect of chlorhexidine varnish mouthguard appliances on salivary MS Count in Early Childhood Caries patients. To assess the effect of chlorhexidine varnish mouthguard appliances on Salivary pH in Early Childhood Caries patients. Study design: This is an in vivo experimental, between group study. Results: There was linear increase in salivary pH levels and significant reduction in MS levels in experimental group when compared to control group at baseline, after a week, 1 month, 3 months time interval (p<0.001). Conclusions: Chlorhexidine varnish mouthgaurds proved to be effective in preventing the drop in salivary pH levels and reducing the Mutans streptococci counts significantly in patients categorized under ECC up to a period of 3 months

Primeiro relato de uma criança Brasileira portadora da mutação G188E do gene da lipoproteína lipase First report of a Brazilian child carrying the G188E mutation of lipoprotein lipase gene

OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de uma criança com hipertrigliceridemia grave por mutações do gene da lipoproteína lipase. DESCRIÇÃO DE CASO: Menino de três anos que apresentou, com um mês de idade, soro lipêmico. Seu perfil lipídico indicou hipertrigliceridemia grave, com concentrações de triglicerídeos plasmáticos iguais a 25000mg/dL. Foi detectada a mutação G188E no éxon 5 da lipoproteína lipase em homozigose na criança e em heterozigose nos pais. COMENTÁRIOS: A deficiência da lipoproteína lípase é uma doença de herança autossômica recessiva e esses pacientes evoluem com hipertrigliceridemia grave.<br>OBJECTIVE: To report the case of a child with serious hypertriglyceridemia due to lipase lipoprotein gene mutation. CASE DESCRIPTION: A three-year-old boy presented with lipemic serum at one month of age. His lipid profile revealed serious hypertriglyceridemia with plasma triglycerides levels of 25,000mg/dL. A mutation G188E in éxon 5 of the lipoprotein lipase gene was detected in homozygosis for him and in heterozygosis for his parents. COMMENTS: The deficiency of the lipoprotein lipase is a recessive autossomal disease that causes severe hypertriglyceridemia