USE OF THE LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS IO-1 FOR DEVELOPING A NOVEL FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGE FROM COCONUT WATER

The goal of this work was to add value to the coconut water (CW) by fermentation with the potential probiotic Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis IO-1 in order to produce fermented CW beverages. Unpasteurized coconut water (UPW) was fermented with Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis IO-1 for 48 h at 30°C, and the viable cell counts, total acidity, pH, degree of polymerization, antioxidant activity, antibacterial bioassay and lethality bioassay were studied at 24 and 48 h. We revealed that the fermentation process of UPW with probiotic L. lactis IO-1 increased the viable cell counts. The total phenolic compound exhibited a higher antioxidative ability in fermented UPW at 48 h (65.79g/mL gallic acid equivalence). The fermented UPW exhibited the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging abilities at 48 h (67.62 and 63.03%), The culture extracted from fermented UPW inhibited all the tested pathogenic foodborne such as Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, although the degree of antagonistic varied between the pathogens. Furthermore, fermented UPW extract sample at 48 h, exhibited lower potent activity against the brine shrimp with LC50 values (7158.2 µg/mL). Comparatively, pasteurized coconut water (PCW90) fermented by Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis IO-1 produced a fermented beverage PCW90 with similar properties as the fermented UPW. Adding 0.4% (w/v) of coconut flavor and 20% pure honey (v/v) into the fermented CW gave the beverage a better taste. The obtained results showed that the CW product fermented by Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis IO-1 may be used as a novel functional beverage comprising both probiotics and electrolytes, which can serve as a good vehicle for developing a wider range of novel products. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, brine shrimp lethality test, coconut water, cytotoxicity

Fungal diversity notes 929–1035: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungi

This article is the ninth in the series of Fungal Diversity Notes, where 107 taxa distributed in three phyla, nine classes, 31 orders and 57 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include 12 new genera, 74 new species, three new combinations, two reference specimens, a re-circumscription of the epitype, and 15 records of sexualasexual morph connections, new hosts and new geographical distributions. Twelve new genera comprise Brunneofusispora, Brunneomurispora, Liua, Lonicericola, Neoeutypella, Paratrimmatostroma, Parazalerion, Proliferophorum, Pseudoastrosphaeriellopsis, Septomelanconiella, Velebitea and Vicosamyces. Seventy-four new species are Agaricus memnonius, A. langensis, Aleurodiscus patagonicus, Amanita flavoalba, A. subtropicana, Amphisphaeria mangrovei, Baorangia major, Bartalinia kunmingensis, Brunneofusispora sinensis, Brunneomurispora lonicerae, Capronia camelliaeyunnanensis, Clavulina thindii, Coniochaeta simbalensis, Conlarium thailandense, Coprinus trigonosporus, Liua muriformis, Cyphellophora filicis, Cytospora ulmicola, Dacrymyces invisibilis, Dictyocheirospora metroxylonis, Distoseptispora thysanolaenae, Emericellopsis koreana, Galiicola baoshanensis, Hygrocybe lucida, Hypoxylon teeravasati, Hyweljonesia indica, Keissleriella caraganae, Lactarius olivaceopallidus, Lactifluus midnapurensis, Lembosia brigadeirensis, Leptosphaeria urticae, Lonicericola hyaloseptispora, Lophiotrema mucilaginosis, Marasmiellus bicoloripes, Marasmius indojasminodorus, Micropeltis phetchaburiensis, Mucor orantomantidis, Murilentithecium lonicerae, Neobambusicola brunnea, Neoeutypella baoshanensis, Neoroussoella heveae, Neosetophoma lonicerae, Ophiobolus malleolus, Parabambusicola thysanolaenae, Paratrimmatostroma kunmingensis, Parazalerion indica, Penicillium dokdoense, Peroneutypa mangrovei, Phaeosphaeria cycadis, Phanerochaete australosanguinea, Plectosphaerella kunmingensis, Plenodomus artemisiae, P. lijiangensis, Proliferophorum thailandicum, Pseudoastrosphaeriellopsis kaveriana, Pseudohelicomyces menglunicus, Pseudoplagiostoma mangiferae, Robillarda mangiferae, Roussoella elaeicola, Russula choptae, R. uttarakhandia, Septomelanconiella thailandica, Spencermartinsia acericola, Sphaerellopsis isthmospora, Thozetella lithocarpi, Trechispora echinospora, Tremellochaete atlantica, Trichoderma koreanum, T. pinicola, T. rugulosum, Velebitea chrysotexta, Vicosamyces venturisporus, Wojnowiciella kunmingensis and Zopfiella indica. Three new combinations are Baorangia rufomaculata, Lanmaoa pallidorosea and Wojnowiciella rosicola. The reference specimens of Canalisporium kenyense and Tamsiniella labiosa are designated. The epitype of Sarcopeziza sicula is re-circumscribed based on cyto- and histochemical analyses. The sexual-asexual morph connection of Plenodomus sinensis is reported from ferns and Cirsium for the first time. In addition, the new host records and country records are Amanita altipes, A. melleialba, Amarenomyces dactylidis, Chaetosphaeria panamensis, Coniella vitis, Coprinopsis kubickae, Dothiorella sarmentorum, Leptobacillium leptobactrum var. calidus, Muyocopron lithocarpi, Neoroussoella solani, Periconia cortaderiae, Phragmocamarosporium hederae, Sphaerellopsis paraphysata and Sphaeropsis eucalypticola

Local nutrient regimes determine site-specific environmental triggers of cyanobacterial and microcystin variability in urban lakes

Toxic cyanobacterial blooms in urban lakes present serious health hazards to humans and animals and require effective management strategies. Managing such blooms requires a sufficient understanding of the controlling environmental factors. A range of them has been proposed in the literature as potential triggers for cyanobacterial biomass development and cyanotoxin (e.g. microcystin) production in freshwater systems. However, the environmental triggers of cyanobacteria and microcystin variability remain a subject of debate due to contrasting findings. This issue has raised the question of whether the relevance of environmental triggers may depend on site-specific combinations of environmental factors. In this study, we investigated the site-specificity of environmental triggers for cyanobacterial bloom and microcystin dynamics in three urban lakes in Western Australia. Our study suggests that cyanobacterial biomass, cyanobacterial dominance and cyanobacterial microcystin content variability were significantly correlated to phosphorus and iron concentrations. However, the correlations were different between lakes, thus suggesting a site-specific effect of these environmental factors. The discrepancies in the correlations could be explained by differences in local nutrient concentration. For instance, we found no correlation between cyanobacterial fraction and total phosphorous (TP) in the lake with the highest TP concentration, while correlations were significant and negative in the other two lakes. In addition, our study indicates that the difference of the correlation between total iron (TFe) and the cyanobacterial fraction between lakes might have been a consequence of differences in the cyanobacterial community structure, specifically the presence or absence of nitrogen-fixing species. In conclusion, our study suggests that identification of significant environmental factors under site-specific conditions is an important strategy to enhance successful outcomes in cyanobacterial bloom control measures

Addition to Micropeltidaceae: Micropeltis goniothalamicola sp. nov. and new record of Scolecopeltidium menglaense from Chiang Rai, Thailand

Marasinghe, Diana S., Hongsanan, Sinang, Boonmee, Saranyaphat, Xie, Ning (2021): Addition to Micropeltidaceae: Micropeltis goniothalamicola sp. nov. and new record of Scolecopeltidium menglaense from Chiang Rai, Thailand. Phytotaxa 487 (1): 56-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.487.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.487.1.

Paramicrothyrium bambusae Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong 2023, sp. nov.

Paramicrothyrium bambusae Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong sp. nov. (FIGURE 2) Index Fungorum Number: IF559725; Facesoffungi number: FoF11795 Etymology:—Name reflects the host genus Bambusa. Holotype:— MFLU 19-2729 Epiphytic on the upper surface of dead leaves of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. (Poaceae), visible as small black dots. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Thyriothecia 90–120 × 100–130 μm (x = 110 × 112 µm, n = 10), solitary, scattered, superficial, flattened, circular, dark brown to black, easily be removed from the substrate, poorly developed basal layer, with irregular, central ostiole, dark brown, irregularly rounded at the margin. Upper wall comprises brown cells of textura angularis, radiating in irregular, parallel lines from center to the outer rim. Conidiogenous cells evanescent. Conidia 3–4 × 1–2 µm (x = 3.7 × 1.2 μm, n = 30), hyaline, cylindrical with obtuse ends, unicellular, minute guttulate, straight or slightly curved, smooth-walled. Culture characteristics:— Colonies on PDA, 10–12 mm diam. after 4 weeks at 25 °C, colonies from above: medium dense, circular, raised, cottony, surface smooth, entire margin, white to cream at margin, white at center; reverse: white to yellowish at margin, light brown at center. Mycelium white to cream with tufting. Material examined:— Thailand, Chiang Mai, dead leaves of Bambusa vulgaris (Poaceae), 28 September 2018, D.S. Tennakoon, ADS046A (MFLU 19-2729, holotype); ex-type living culture, SDBR-CMU436. ibid. 29 September 2019, ADS046B (NCYU 19-0085, paratype); ex-paratype living culture, SDBR-CMU437. GenBank numbers:—MFLU 19-2729: ITS: ON751741; NCYU 19-0085: ITS: ON751742. Notes:—The phylogeny indicates that Paramicrothyrium bambusae (MFLU 19-2729 and NCYU 19-0085) forms a distinct lineage sister to P. chinensis isolates (IFRDCC2258 and IA20) with robust statistical support (100% ML, 99% MP, 1.00 BYPP, FIGURE 1). The morphology of P. bambusae fits well with the type species in having circular, dark brown to black thyriothecia with an irregular ostiole, without a darkened ring (Wu et al. 2011). However, we were unable to compare P. chinensis to the asexual morph of P. bambusae, since only the sexual morph was available for that species (Wu et al. 2011). Therefore, we compared the base pair differences between P. bambusae and P. chinensis and there were 25 base pair differences (4.14%) across 603 nucleotides across the ITS (+ 5.8S) gene region. In addition, P. bambusae has smaller thyriothecia (90–120 × 100–130 μm), whereas P. chinensis has significantly larger thyriothecia (420–590 μm diam.) (Wu et al. 2011). However, further collections are needed to clarify the sexual and asexual connection of Paramicrothyrium species.Published as part of Tennakoon, Danushka S., Hongsanan, Sinang, De Silva, Nimali I., Suwannarach, Nakarin & Lumyong, Saisamorn, 2023, Molecular phylogeny and morphological characterization of Paramicrothyrium bambusae sp. nov. and Tumidispora thailandica sp. nov. from leaf litter, pp. 112-124 in Phytotaxa 578 (1) on page 117, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/751773

Tumidispora Hongsanan & K. D. Hyde

<i>Tumidispora</i> Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde <p> Ariyawansa <i>et al</i>. (2015) introduced <i>Tumidispora</i> to include the generic type <i>T</i>. <i>shoreae</i>, which was isolated from <i>Shorea</i> species in Thailand. <i>Tumidispora</i> has brown to dark brown thyriothecia, with a prominent darkened area around the central ostiole, fissitunicate, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, short pedicellate asci and 1–2-seriate, hyaline, 1-septate ascospores (constricted at the septum) with an apical swollen cell (Ariyawansa <i>et al</i>. 2015). There is currently only the type species in this genus (Index Fungorum 2022). In this study, we introduce <i>T</i>. <i>thailandica</i> <i>sp</i>. <i>nov</i>. from <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> in Thailand.</p>Published as part of <i>Tennakoon, Danushka S., Hongsanan, Sinang, De Silva, Nimali I., Suwannarach, Nakarin & Lumyong, Saisamorn, 2023, Molecular phylogeny and morphological characterization of Paramicrothyrium bambusae sp. nov. and Tumidispora thailandica sp. nov. from leaf litter, pp. 112-124 in Phytotaxa 578 (1)</i> on page 118, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7517738">http://zenodo.org/record/7517738</a&gt

Paramicrothyrium bambusae Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong 2023, sp. nov.

<i>Paramicrothyrium bambusae</i> Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong <i>sp</i>. <i>nov</i>. (FIGURE 2) <p> <i>Index Fungorum Number</i>: IF559725; <i>Facesoffungi number</i>: FoF11795</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>:—Name reflects the host genus <i>Bambusa</i>.</p> <p> <i>Holotype</i>:— MFLU 19-2729</p> <p> <i>Epiphytic</i> on the upper surface of dead leaves of <i>Bambusa vulgaris</i> Schrad. (<i>Poaceae</i>), visible as small black dots. <b>Sexual morph</b>: Undetermined. <b>Asexual morph</b>: <i>Thyriothecia</i> 90–120 × 100–130 μm (<i>x</i> = 110 × 112 µm, <i>n</i> = 10), solitary, scattered, superficial, flattened, circular, dark brown to black, easily be removed from the substrate, poorly developed basal layer, with irregular, central ostiole, dark brown, irregularly rounded at the margin. <i>Upper wall</i> comprises brown cells of <i>textura angularis</i>, radiating in irregular, parallel lines from center to the outer rim. <i>Conidiogenous cells</i> evanescent. <i>Conidia</i> 3–4 × 1–2 µm (<i>x</i> <b>=</b> 3.7 × 1.2 μm, <i>n</i> = 30), hyaline, cylindrical with obtuse ends, unicellular, minute guttulate, straight or slightly curved, smooth-walled.</p> <p> <i>Culture characteristics</i>:— <i>Colonies</i> on PDA, 10–12 mm diam. after 4 weeks at 25 °C, colonies from above: medium dense, circular, raised, cottony, surface smooth, entire margin, white to cream at margin, white at center; reverse: white to yellowish at margin, light brown at center. <i>Mycelium</i> white to cream with tufting.</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i>:— Thailand, Chiang Mai, dead leaves of <i>Bambusa vulgaris</i> (<i>Poaceae</i>), 28 September 2018, D.S. Tennakoon, ADS046A (MFLU 19-2729, <b>holotype</b>); ex-type living culture, SDBR-CMU436. <i>ibid</i>. 29 September 2019, ADS046B (NCYU 19-0085, <b>paratype</b>); ex-paratype living culture, SDBR-CMU437.</p> <p> <i>GenBank numbers</i>:—MFLU 19-2729: ITS: ON751741; NCYU 19-0085: ITS: ON751742.</p> <p> <i>Notes</i>:—The phylogeny indicates that <i>Paramicrothyrium bambusae</i> (MFLU 19-2729 and NCYU 19-0085) forms a distinct lineage sister to <i>P</i>. <i>chinensis</i> isolates (IFRDCC2258 and IA20) with robust statistical support (100% ML, 99% MP, 1.00 BYPP, FIGURE 1). The morphology of <i>P</i>. <i>bambusae</i> fits well with the type species in having circular, dark brown to black thyriothecia with an irregular ostiole, without a darkened ring (Wu <i>et al</i>. 2011). However, we were unable to compare <i>P</i>. <i>chinensis</i> to the asexual morph of <i>P</i>. <i>bambusae</i>, since only the sexual morph was available for that species (Wu <i>et al</i>. 2011). Therefore, we compared the base pair differences between <i>P</i>. <i>bambusae</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>chinensis</i> and there were 25 base pair differences (4.14%) across 603 nucleotides across the ITS (+ 5.8S) gene region. In addition, <i>P</i>. <i>bambusae</i> has smaller thyriothecia (90–120 × 100–130 μm), whereas <i>P</i>. <i>chinensis</i> has significantly larger thyriothecia (420–590 μm diam.) (Wu <i>et al</i>. 2011). However, further collections are needed to clarify the sexual and asexual connection of <i>Paramicrothyrium</i> species.</p>Published as part of <i>Tennakoon, Danushka S., Hongsanan, Sinang, De Silva, Nimali I., Suwannarach, Nakarin & Lumyong, Saisamorn, 2023, Molecular phylogeny and morphological characterization of Paramicrothyrium bambusae sp. nov. and Tumidispora thailandica sp. nov. from leaf litter, pp. 112-124 in Phytotaxa 578 (1)</i> on page 117, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7517738">http://zenodo.org/record/7517738</a&gt

Tumidispora thailandica Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong 2023, sp. nov.

<i>Tumidispora thailandica</i> Tennakoon, S. Hongsanan & S. Lumyong <i>sp</i>. <i>nov</i>. (FIGURE 3) <p> <i>Index Fungorum Number</i>: IF559726; <i>Facesoffungi number</i>: FoF11796</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>:—The specific epithet “ <i>thailandica</i> ” refer to the country in which the fungus was first collected</p> <p> <i>Holotype</i>:— MFLU 19-2771</p> <p> <i>Epiphytic</i> on the upper surface of dead leaves of <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> Lour. (<i>Sapindaceae</i>), visible as small black dots. <i>Superficial hyphae</i> absent. <b>Sexual morph</b>: <i>Thyriothecia</i> 200–260 × 210–280 μm (<i>x</i> = 230 × 240 µm, <i>n</i> = 10), solitary, superficial, scattered, flattened, circular, brown to black, easily be removed from the substrate, poorly developed basal layer, with prominent, darker, central ostiole, darker around the ostiole, dark brown towards the outer lighter rim, irregularly rounded at the margin. <i>Upper wall</i> containing brown cells of <i>textura angularis</i>, radiating in slightly irregular, parallel lines from center to the outer rim. <i>Hamathecium</i> containing 2 μm wide, branched pseudoparaphyses. <i>Asci</i> 40–46 × 5–7 μm (<i>x</i> = 45 × 6 µm, <i>n</i> = 20), 8-spored, fissitunicate, bitunicate, short pedicellate, cylindrical to cylindric-clavate, apically rounded, with an ocular chamber. <i>Ascospores</i> 9–11 × 3–4 μm (<i>x</i> = 10.5 × 3.5 µm, <i>n</i> = 10), 1–2-seriate, hyaline, fusiform, rounded ends, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, apical cell swollen and wider, basal cell sub-conical, guttulate, two appendages in upper cell, smooth-walled. <b>Asexual morph</b>: Undetermined.</p> <p> <i>Culture characteristics</i>:— <i>Colonies</i> on PDA, 18–22 mm diam. after 4 weeks at 25 °C, colonies from above: medium dense, circular, raised, surface smooth, entire margin, light green at margin, dark grey to brown at centre; reverse: light brown to light green at margin, dark grey to black at centre. <i>Mycelium</i> dark grey to black with tufting.</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i>:— Thailand, Chiang Mai, dead leaves of <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> (<i>Sapindaceae</i>), 25 April 2018, D.S. Tennakoon, DHAY021A (MFLU 19-2771, <b>holotype</b>); ex-type living culture, SDBR-CMU438. <i>ibid</i>. 28 April 2018, DHAY021B (NCYU 19-0090, <b>paratype</b>); ex-paratype living culture, SDBR-CMU439.</p> <p> <i>GenBank numbers</i>:—MFLU 19-2771: LSU: ON751750; ITS: ON751739; NCYU 19-0090: LSU: ON751751; ITS: ON751740.</p> <p> Notes:—The morphological characteristics of our collection (MFLU 19-2771 and NCYU 19-0090) tally well with the generic concept of <i>Tumidispora</i>, by having flattened, circular, brown to black thyriothecia, cylindrical to cylindricclavate, short pedicellate asci and 1-septate, hyaline ascospores with a swollen apical cell (Ariyawansa <i>et al</i>. 2015). But our collection can be distinguished from the type (<i>T</i>. <i>shoreae</i>) in having shorter asci (40–46 × 5–7 μm <i>vs</i> 53–55 × 7–8 μm) and ascospores (9–11 × 3–4 μm <i>vs</i> 14–15 × 4–5 μm). In addition, our collection ascospores are distinctly fusiform with rounded ends and consist of two appendages in the upper cell, whereas <i>T</i>. <i>shoreae</i> has narrowly fusiform ascospores with sub-papillate ends and lacking appendages (Ariyawansa <i>et al.</i> 2015). Phylogeny results show that our collection (MFLU 19-2771 and NCYU 19-0090) forms an independent lineage sister to <i>T</i>. <i>shoreae</i> isolates (MFLUCC 12-0409 and MFLUCC 14-0574) with strong statistical support (100% ML, 100% MP, 1.00 BYPP, FIGURE 1). Thus, we introduce our collection (MFLU 19-2771 and NCYU 19-0090) as a new species, <i>T</i>. <i>thailandica</i> from the dead leaves of <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> in Thailand.</p>Published as part of <i>Tennakoon, Danushka S., Hongsanan, Sinang, De Silva, Nimali I., Suwannarach, Nakarin & Lumyong, Saisamorn, 2023, Molecular phylogeny and morphological characterization of Paramicrothyrium bambusae sp. nov. and Tumidispora thailandica sp. nov. from leaf litter, pp. 112-124 in Phytotaxa 578 (1)</i> on pages 118-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7517738">http://zenodo.org/record/7517738</a&gt

Phragmocapnias betle Theiss. & Syd., Annls

<i>Phragmocapnias betle</i> (Syd., P. Syd. & E.J. Butler) Theiss. & Syd., Annls mycol. 15(6): 480 (1918) [1917] <p>Index Fungorum number: IF151279; FIGURE 5</p> <p> <i>Colonies saprobic</i>, sooty mold-like, growing on leaves of <i>Rosa × damascena</i> (Rosaceae) (FIGURE 5a, b). <i>Thallus</i>, dark mycelium growing cover leave surface, black, pelliculose. <i>Mycelium</i> superficial or immersed, hyaline to brown, branched, hyphae smooth, thin-walled, septate (FIGURE 5g). <i>Ascomata</i> 90–100 high × up to 120 μm diam. (<i>x</i> = 117 × 98 μm, n = 5), scattered, subglobose to broadly ellipsoidal, firmly attached to the radiating basal hyphae, pale brown, thick-walled, with ostiole when mature. <i>Peridium</i> 14–18 μm wide, pale to dark brown, cells arranged in a <i>textura angularis</i> (FIGURE 5f). <i>Asci</i> 38–48 × 17–27 μm (<i>x</i> = 45 × 23 μm, n = 7), 8-spored, bitunicate, broadly clavate, with short pedicle, (FIGURE 5h, i). <i>Ascospores</i> 20–23× 5–6.5 μm (<i>x</i> = 22 × 6 μm, n = 10), hyaline, 4–5-septate, fasciculate, cylindric clavate, ends rounded, upper cell slightly wider than the lower cell, smooth-walled, some surrounded by tiny sheath (FIGURE 5j).</p> <p> Material examined: THAILAND, Chiang Mai Province, on living leaves of <i>Rosa × damascena</i> (Rosaceae), 10 October 2022, S Hongsanan SDBR-CMURS02.1/1= CMUB40027, living culture in SDBR-CMU480</p> <p> Note: Our sooty mold collection (SDBR-CMU480) was found on living leaves of <i>Rosa × damascena</i> (Rosaceae). We could not identify the primary insect responsible for producing the sugar excretions that serve as nutrition resources for the sooty mold. Instead, we observed 1–2 black garden ants moving around the leaves. In the phylogenetic analysis (FIGURE 1), this strain grouped with other strains of <i>Phragmocapnias betle</i> (CPC 17762, CPC 20476, CPC 21379, and MFLUCC10-0053), with 88% ML/ 1.00 PP support.The morphological characteristics of SDBR-CMU480 are identical to those epitype specimens of <i>Ph. betle</i> described by Chomnunti <i>et al.</i> (2011). However, our strain SDBR-CMU480 has larger ascomata (90–100 × up to 120 μm diam. vs. 82–93 × 84–105 μm diam.). The size of asci and ascospores in our strain resemble those of the epitype specimen (asci: 38–48 × 17–27 μm vs. 43–53 × 13–33 μm, ascospores: 20–23× 5–6.5 μm vs. 20–24 × 4.8–5.8 μm, Chomnunti <i>et al.</i> 2011). Based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, we identified our collection as <i>Ph. betle</i> and this is the first report of <i>Ca. coartatum</i> from <i>Rosa × damascena</i> (Rosaceae).</p>Published as part of <i>Haituk, Supitchakorn Thungdee Sukanya, Withee, Patchareeya, Cheewangkoon, Ratchadawan, Suwannarach, Nakarin, Marasinghe, Diana S. & Hongsanan, Sinang, 2023, Unraveling Capnodiaceae species in Northern Thailand, pp. 143-156 in Phytotaxa 620 (2)</i> on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.620.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10011254">http://zenodo.org/record/10011254</a&gt