Management of True Vaginal Prolapse in Bitch

True vaginal prolapse is a rare condition in bitch. It occurs majorly following parturition or during estrogen risei.e during estrous phase of the cycle. A two year old Grey Hound female was presented with true vaginal prolapse. The prolapse mass was largeandhyperemic. By reducing the size and with bilateral pressure we reposed the mass in. Modified Buhner sutures were applied. Hormonal therapy using HCG were given for four days. The bitch recovered eventually

Anesthetizing the Fibrillating Heart.

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A case of Dystocia due to Fetal Ascites in Murrah Buffalo

Dystocia in buffalo due to fetal causes is not common. However there are reports suggesting dystocia due to dropsical condition of fetus. Present case reports one of the fetal dropsical conditions in buffalo. In this case we report a successful management of dystocia due to fetal ascites in Murrah buffalo by incising the fetal abdomen to take out the fluid from peritoneum

Boosting Image Forgery Detection using Resampling Features and Copy-move analysis

Realistic image forgeries involve a combination of splicing, resampling, cloning, region removal and other methods. While resampling detection algorithms are effective in detecting splicing and resampling, copy-move detection algorithms excel in detecting cloning and region removal. In this paper, we combine these complementary approaches in a way that boosts the overall accuracy of image manipulation detection. We use the copy-move detection method as a pre-filtering step and pass those images that are classified as untampered to a deep learning based resampling detection framework. Experimental results on various datasets including the 2017 NIST Nimble Challenge Evaluation dataset comprising nearly 10,000 pristine and tampered images shows that there is a consistent increase of 8%-10% in detection rates, when copy-move algorithm is combined with different resampling detection algorithms

Monomorphic Ventricular Arrhythmias in Athletes.

Ventricular arrhythmias are challenging to manage in athletes with concern for an elevated risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) during sports competition. Monomorphic ventricular arrhythmias (MMVA), while often benign in athletes with a structurally normal heart, are also associated with a unique subset of idiopathic and malignant substrates that must be clearly defined. A comprehensive evaluation for structural and/or electrical heart disease is required in order to exclude cardiac conditions that increase risk of SCD with exercise, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Unique issues for physicians who manage this population include navigating athletes through the decision of whether they can safely continue their chosen sport. In the absence of structural heart disease, therapies such as radiofrequency catheter ablation are very effective for certain arrhythmias and may allow for return to competitive sports participation. In this comprehensive review, we summarise the recommendations for evaluating and managing athletes with MMVA

Automatic Lighting Mechanism on Highways during Midnight

This paper presents the key points in implementing automatic lighting mechanism on highway roads with the help of moving object detection in urban cities during midnight. The objective of the object detection system will be to detect objects confined in a particular area. The detection system will thus require important information like speed of moving objects, size of objects and number of vehicles on the road. The lighting system is responsible for switching off the lights in a particular area where the object detection monitoring system evaluates to a minimum threshold value. The lighting system will be active 350m to direction of the object moving in a particular direction

Hepatoprotective activity of Eclipta alba against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats

Background: Despite the tremendous scientific advancement in the field of gastroenterology over the recent years, there is not even a single effective allopathic medication available for the treatment of liver disorders. Hence, the study was conducted to elucidate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of traditional medicinal plant Eclipta alba against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity in male albino rats.Methods: The hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extracts of E. alba was evaluated by biochemical parameters such as serum alanine transferases (ALT), serum aspartate transferases (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total serum bilirubin, and serum protein, and confirmed by histopathology of liver. The hepatotoxic agent CCl4 was used to induce liver toxicity and silymarin was used as a control drug. The aqueous extracts of E. alba were administered at the doses of 250 mg/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day orally for 4 days. One-way Analysis of Variance was used for the statistical analysis of data. A probability value of p<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: E. alba administration at doses 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg orally demonstrated significant hepatoprotective activity by preventing the increase of ALT, AST, ALP, and serum bilirubin and also confirmed by histopathology of the liver. The results were comparable to that of silymarin.Conclusion: The results of the study confirmed the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extracts of E. alba at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. However, the dose adjustments may be necessary to optimize the similar hepatoprotective efficacy in clinical settings

Evaluation of novel methods of assessments in pharmacology to develop new attitudes and skills in Caribbean Medical School

Background: Assessment is said to drive student learning and define the curriculum. The problem-solving type of multiple choice questions (MCQs), which can be used to probe and assess medical students in pharmacology should have a clinical vignette containing presenting complaints, abstract history, physical examination and laboratory data, followed by a single or series of questions based on it. National Board of Medical Examination (NBME), USA has an extensive bank of problem-solving MCQs, and these questions are often regarded as similar in format and focus to MCQs of United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). The objective assessment of teaching and curriculum in this study is done by comparison of students’ performance in pharmacology comprehensive exam of NBME, USA before and after curriculum changes. This study was designed to obtain an objective assessment of teaching and curriculum by comparison of students’ performance in terms of student mean grades, percentage of students passed, percentage of students failed, percentage of students with honors, and individual highest scores of five semesters before and five semesters after curriculum changes in pharmacology comprehensive exam of NBME, USA among the 5th semester students of American University of the Caribbean, School of Medicine, St. Maarten.Methods: We have compared the students’ performance of pharmacology comprehensive exam of NBME using five parameters like student mean grades, percentage of students passed, percentage of students failed, percentage of students with honor, and individual highest score of five semesters May 2009, September 2009, January 2010, May 2010 and September 2010 semester batches before the introduction of curriculum changes with subsequent semesters January 2011, May 2011, September 2011, January 2012 and May 2012 semesters after the introduction of curriculum changes.Results: The pre-curriculum student performances were compared with post-curriculum changes using the Student’s t-test. The students mean scores improved significantly from 50.76 before curriculum changes to 56.54, students passed (%) increased from 94.57% before curriculum changes to 96.93% after curriculum changes and students with honors (%) increased significantly from 64.72% before curriculum change to 75.51% after curriculum changes and also seem to have remained consistently better. The students failed (%) decreased dramatically from 5.43% to 3.07% after curriculum changes. The highest individual mean score also improved significantly from 72.4 to 80.8 after curriculum changes and have remained consistent in the following semesters.Conclusions: There seems to be obvious improvements in student performance as reflected by a significant increase in mean scores, students pass (%), and students with honors (%) probably due to inclusion of problem-solving MCQs in formative and summative assessments in new curriculum compared with declarative MCQs in old curriculum. The student failed (%) decreased dramatically, which could be attributed to the changes in teaching content and format brought by curriculum changes in pharmacology. The teaching of pharmacology principles as pathophysiology of drug therapy also seemed to have prepared students better for NBME comprehensive exam and also USMLE Step 1. The clinical pharmacology exercises in small groups as role playing sessions seem to have really improved students’ comprehension and retention of the basic sciences knowledge for clinical application based on students’ feedback

A novel rapid - acting oral inhalation human insulin for diabetes mellitus: Afrezza

Afrezza is rapid-acting oral inhalation insulin that is administered at the beginning of each meal. The U.S Food and Drug Administration has approved Afrezza (insulin human) inhalation powder, a rapid-acting inhaled insulin to improve glycemic control in adults ≥18 years of age with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM or T2DM). Afrezza must be used in combination with long-acting insulin in patients with T1DM. Afrezza may be used with either oral anti-diabetic drugs or basal insulin in patients with T2DM. Afrezza should be administered via oral inhalation using Afrezza inhaler. Dosage adjustment is needed when switching from injection insulin to oral inhalation Afrezza. It is contraindicated in individuals with chronic lung disease and smokers because of the risk of the acute bronchospasm. Before initiating, Afrezza, a complete medical history, physical examination and spirometry (forced expiratory volume 1 sec) results is required in all individuals to identify the potential lung disease. Common adverse reactions in individuals treated with Afrezza include hypoglycemia, cough, throat pain or irritation, headache, and diarrhea