Glycosylated hemoglobin as an efficacious tool for early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus

The incidence and prevalence of GDM is on the rise worldwide and, more so in developing countries including India. GDM is associated with maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidities. Current guidelines recommend GDM screening only at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Diagnosis of GDM in later half of pregnancy leads to fetal and maternal morbidities in spite of good glycemic control. This necessitates the use of a simpler, convenient, accurate, and reliable test, which can predict GDM in early gestation. Our article reviews the scope of using HbA1c for GDM and its efficacy in screening GDM

Unraveling exciton kinetics of electroluminescence in colloidal quantum dot LEDs

We systematically studied emission kinetics of colloidal quantum dots in active light-emitting diodes using time-correlated single photon counting and conclusively revealed the combined effect of both electric field and charging acting together in reducing the quantum efficiency during operation. � 2016 OSA

Left renal agenesis with left ectopic ureter opening into vas deferens with urinary tract infection: Managed conservatively - A rare case report

Renal agenesis with an ectopic ureter draining into the reproductive system is a rare entity. It usually presents before third decade oflife. We are reporting a case of delayed presentation of left renal agenesis with ectopic ureter opening into the vas deferens withoutinfertility presenting due to urinary tract infection and managed conservatively

Temperature-dependent optoelectronic properties of quasi-2D colloidal cadmium selenide nanoplatelets

Colloidal cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoplatelets (NPLs) are a recently developed class of efficient luminescent nanomaterials suitable for optoelectronic device applications. A change in temperature greatly affects their electronic bandstructure and luminescence properties. It is important to understand how and why the characteristics of NPLs are influenced, particularly at elevated temperatures, where both reversible and irreversible quenching processes come into the picture. Here we present a study of the effect of elevated temperatures on the characteristics of colloidal CdSe NPLs. We used an effective-mass envelope function theory based 8-band k·p model and density-matrix theory considering exciton-phonon interaction. We observed the photoluminescence (PL) spectra at various temperatures for their photon emission energy, PL linewidth and intensity by considering the exciton-phonon interaction with both acoustic and optical phonons using Bose-Einstein statistical factors. With a rise in temperature we observed a fall in the transition energy (emission redshift), matrix element, Fermi factor and quasi Fermi separation, with a reduction in intraband state gaps and increased interband coupling. Also, there was a fall in the PL intensity, along with spectral broadening due to an intraband scattering effect. The predicted transition energy values and simulated PL spectra at varying temperatures exhibit appreciable consistency with the experimental results. Our findings have important implications for the application of NPLs in optoelectronic devices, such as NPL lasers and LEDs, operating much above room temperature. © 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry

High brightness formamidinium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystal light emitting devices

Formamidinium lead halide (FAPbX3) has attracted greater attention and is more prominent recently in photovoltaic devices due to its broad absorption and higher thermal stability in comparison to more popular methylammonium lead halide MAPbX3. Herein, a simple and highly reproducible room temperature synthesis of device grade high quality formamidinium lead bromide CH(NH2)2 PbBr3 (FAPbBr3) colloidal nanocrystals (NC) having high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of 55-65% is reported. In addition, we demonstrate high brightness perovskite light emitting device (Pe-LED) with these FAPbBr3 perovskite NC thin film using 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-Benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) commonly known as TPBi and 4,6-Bis(3,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine (B3PYMPM) as electron transport layers (ETL). The Pe-LED device with B3PYMPM as ETL has bright electroluminescence of up to 2714 cd/m2, while the Pe-LED device with TPBi as ETL has higher peak luminous efficiency of 6.4 cd/A and peak luminous power efficiency of 5.7 lm/W. To our knowledge this is the first report on high brightness light emitting device based on CH(NH2)2 PbBr3 widely known as FAPbBr3 nanocrystals in literature. © The Author(s) 2016

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Pathway: Genetic Variants and Outcomes of HIV-1 Infection in African American Adolescents

promoter sequence have been reported to influence pathogenesis or acquisition of HIV-1 infection. T-cell increased by 31±0.9% and 17±8% every 3 months for AA and AG genotype, respectively. gene family to HIV-1/AIDS

Predictors of NOAC versus VKA use for stroke prevention in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: Results from GARFIELD-AF.

INTRODUCTION: A principal aim of the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) was to document changes in treatment practice for patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation during an era when non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were becoming more widely adopted. In these analyses, the key factors which determined the choice between NOACs and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are explored. METHODS: Logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression determined predictors of NOAC and VKA use. Data were collected from 24,137 patients who were initiated on AC ± antiplatelet (AP) therapy (NOAC [51.4%] or VKA [48.6%]) between April 2013 and August 2016. RESULTS: The most significant predictors of AC therapy were country, enrolment year, care setting at diagnosis, AF type, concomitant AP, and kidney disease. Patients enrolled in emergency care or in the outpatient setting were more likely to receive a NOAC than those enrolled in hospital (OR 1.16 [95% CI: 1.04-1.30], OR: 1.15 [95% CI: 1.05-1.25], respectively). NOAC prescribing seemed to be favored in lower-risk groups, namely, patients with paroxysmal AF, normotensive patients, and those with moderate alcohol consumption, but also the elderly and patients with acute coronary syndrome. By contrast, VKAs were preferentially used in patients with permanent AF, moderate to severe kidney disease, heart failure, vascular disease, and diabetes and with concomitant AP. CONCLUSION: GARFIELD-AF data highlight marked heterogeneity in stroke prevention strategies globally. Physicians are adopting an individualized approach to stroke prevention where NOACs are favored in patients with a lower stroke risk but also in the elderly and patients with acute coronary syndrome

Room-Temperature Lasing in Colloidal Nanoplatelets via Mie-Resonant Bound States in the Continuum

7 pags., 4 figs.Solid-state room-temperature lasing with tunability in a wide range of wavelengths is desirable for many applications. To achieve this, besides an efficient gain material with a tunable emission wavelength, a high quality-factor optical cavity is essential. Here, we combine a film of colloidal CdSe/CdZnS core-shell nanoplatelets with square arrays of nanocylinders made of titanium dioxide to achieve optically pumped lasing at visible wavelengths and room temperature. The all-dielectric arrays support bound states in the continuum (BICs), which result from lattice-mediated Mie resonances and boast infinite quality factors in theory. In particular, we demonstrate lasing from a BIC that originates from out-of-plane magnetic dipoles oscillating in phase. By adjusting the diameter of the cylinders, we tune the lasing wavelength across the gain bandwidth of the nanoplatelets. The spectral tunability of both the cavity resonance and nanoplatelet gain, together with efficient light confinement in BICs, promises low-threshold lasing with wide selectivity in wavelengths.This work was supported by the A*STAR SERC Pharos programme (grant number 152 73 00025; Singapore). D.R.A. and J.A.S.-G. acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (NANOTOPO FIS2017-91413-EXP, ́ MELODIA PGC2018-095777-B-C21, and a FPU Ph.D. Fellowship FPU15/03566, MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). H.V.D. gratefully acknowledges support from TUBA. The authors acknowledge Vytautas Valuckas (IMRE, A*STAR) for SEM characterization