Micro RNA facilitated chemoresistance in gastric cancer: a novel biomarkers and potential therapeutics

Introduction: In spite of the substantial advances in clinical practice, Gastric cancer (GC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The incidence of drug resistance remains a hindrance to effective treatment for GC. Although the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance have broadly studied, the gene regulation and expression mechanisms of miRNA have not entirely understood. Methods: Online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Embase databases were searched to retrieve relevant publications. The following keywords were used: MicroRNA, Noncoding RNA, miRNA, Gastric cancer, drug resistance, and chemoresistance. Results: miRNAs play a pivotal role in the initiation, progression of tumor and metastasis, as well as in the development of pathways mediating resistance to chemotherapy in GC. Unluckily, to date, there is no consistent, reliable biomarker available to predict the response of chemotherapy before the start of the treatment. Discussion: In this review, we would like to provide an overview of the miRNAs and miRNA facilitated chemoresistance machinery in GC to develop a personalized treatment to overcome GC drug resistance

SHRIMP geochronology for the 1450 Ma Lakhna dyke swarm: Its implication for the presence of Eoarchaean crust in the Bastar Craton and 1450-517 Ma depositional age for Purana basin (Khariar), Eastern Indian Peninsula - Reply

The paper is a reply on the comments by Basu and Bickford on the article Ratre et al., 2010, JAES 39, 565-577, that reports an age range of 1450-517 Ma for the Khariar basin (Purana) in India. Basu and Bickford agree with the lower age of the basin but they argue for ca 1000 Ma as the upper age. Though our inference about the upper age at 517 Ma is based on structural studies, we still maintain that. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Not AvailableThe ratio of fish farmers to fisheries extension professionals was 1:1000 which is too low. Para-extension functionaries can fill up this gap in the fisheries sector to improve the production and productivity of fishers. The opinion leaders from the local fish farmers community will help identify fish farmers who can further transfer the knowledge concerning how to fish to others through their diffusion network. This study was undertaken to analyze gender roles in fish farming and their relation with opinion leaders. It was observed that 90% of male fish farmers had control of fisheries/family resources, and 97 per cent of fish farmers were found to have contact with male opinion leaders. At the same time, 33% of female fish farmers were contacted by shelf help groups and local progressive farmers. The study shows that the opinion leaders influenced the fish farmers’ diffusion network and their knowledge about how to fish. To involve women in the fisheries sector, empower women, there is also a need to select opinion leaders preferred by women fish farmers.Not Availabl

Erythrocyte microRNAs: a tiny magic bullet with great potential for sickle cell disease therapy

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe hereditary blood disorder caused by a mutation of the beta-globin gene, which results in a substantial reduction in life expectancy. Many studies are focused on various novel therapeutic strategies that include re-activation of the γ-globin gene. Among them, expression therapy caused by the fetal hemoglobin (HbF) at a later age is highly successful. The induction of HbF is one of the dominant genetic modulators of the hematological and clinical characteristics of SCD. In fact, HbF compensates for the abnormal beta chain and has an ameliorant effect on clinical complications. Erythropoiesis is a multi-step process that involves the proliferation and differentiation of a small population of hematopoietic stem cells and is affected by several factors, including signaling pathways, transcription factors, and small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs play a regulatory role through complex networks that control several epigenetic mechanisms as well as the post-transcriptional regulation of multiple genes. In this review, we briefly describe the current understanding of interactions between miRNAs, their molecular targets, and their regulatory effects in HbF induction in SCD

Evaluation and Comparison of Oral & Periodontal Health Status in Post-menopausal Females with and Without Xerostomia: an Observational Study

Background & Objective - Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstrual periods, whether occurs naturally or induced by surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. It is accompanied by hormonal changes, predominantly decrease in estrogen and androgen levels. Females experience varying oral symptoms that may result from endocrine disturbances, multiple vitamin and mineral deficiencies and psychological dynamics during their menopausal years. Main oral symptoms associated during menopause include xerostomia, burning mouth and altered taste perception. Xerostomia leads to change in salivary pH thereby increasing the risk for oral diseases including periodontal diseases. Saliva contributes to maintenance of the oral pH by neutralizing acids from food and beverages, as well as from bacterial activity, thereby reducing the risk of periodontal disease. After menopause, reduced salivary flow rate and low pH may make females prone to oral health problems. Hence, the main goal of this study is toevaluate and compare the periodontal health status in post-menopausal females with and without xerostomia. Methodology-A total of 204 post-menopausal have been observed and their oral & periodontal status data was analyzed & interpreted.Result & Conclusion- Post-menopausal females with xerostomia were observed to have poor oral hygiene and severe periodontitis in comparison to non- xerostomia group.&nbsp