Confirmation of Transgenic Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora) Transformed by Chitinase-encoding Gene and Its Propagation Through Somatic Embryogenesis

Genetic engineering of Robusta coffee resistant to fungal diseases might be done by introducing a chitinase-encoding gene into genome of this plant. This research was aimed to confirm transgenic plant of BP 308 clone Robusta coffee transformed by chi gene and to evaluate its ability for the somatic embryogenesis. Confirmation of transgenic was carried out by analysis the presence of NPTII gene as a selectable marker for Canamysin resistant using PCR technique. The somatic embryo initiation and reproduction were evaluated in 11 plant accessions. Three kinds of sucrose concentration, 20%, 30% and 40% were applied in initiation stage of somatic embryo germination. The suitability of 4 medium, namely M1 (without addition by liquid medium), M2 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l kinetin), M3 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l IAA) and M4 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l GA3 ) was evaluated for somatic embryo maturation. The result showed that 8 out of 10 plant accessions tested were transgenic and they could be propagated through somatic embryogenesis. The ability of transgenic plant for somatic embryo initiation, reproduction and regeneration were similar with that of nontransgenic one. Germination of somatic embryo could be improved by using 40% sucrose. Maturation of somatic embryo could be improved by addition of fresh liquid medium on the ancient gelled medium that used for somatic embryos reproduction. The best result was obtained on addition of fresh medium contained 0.25 mg/l GA 3 in which 65% of the somatic embryos developed to pre-germinate somatic embryo

Pengaruh Arah Dan Ukuran Potongan Sisik Umbi Kerk Lily (Lilium Longiflorum Thunb.) Terhadap Pembentukan Tunas Mikro Dan Bulblet Secara in Vitro*[the Effect of Direction and Section Width of the Scale of Kerk Lily {Lilium Longiflorum Thunb.) on the In-vitr

Mass production by using micro propagation technique has an important role for Lilium longiflorum regarding that it can produce seedlings in relatively short time, disease free, and regularly time. Several factors affected the successful micro shoots and bulblets formation, i.e.medium, explant, and temperature. This research aimed to know the effect of direction and width of scale section on the multiplication of kerk lily in vitro.Research has been conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember.The research was arranged in factorial completely randomised design, i.e.direction of scale section and width of scale section. Two levels of direction of scale section namely longitudinal and transversal and five levels of width of scale section namely 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm.The results showed that scales are able to produce micro shoot only, bulblet only, or both micro shoot and bulblet.The number of micro shoots produced from longitudinal section are higher than those of produced from transversal section. Width of scale section affected micro shoots and bulblets production, which their correlations are quadratic.The trend of micro shoots production was contrary with bulblet production

Code-switching by Members of Bilingual Families in Mataram

This thesis intended to find the types of code-switching, the functions of code-switching and the factors that contribute to the use of code-switching among bilingual family members in Mataram. The 3 types were divided using categorization of Poplack (1980). Functions have been categorized using Gumperz\u27s (1982: 79-82) conversational functions. And factors that contribute to the use of code-switching categorized using Auer\u27s (1995) list of loci in which switching is frequent. The samples came from Seganteng, Gomong, and Abian Tubuh. Based on data gathered, it can be concluded that the bilingual family members in Mataram use the second language (Indonesian) not only as a means to speak to monolinguals who only speak this language but also as an addition to their vocab and knowledge in their daily conversations and as an extra ‘attribute\u27 to improve the quality of their speech. Using words, phrases, and sentences from other languages is not a problem at all as long as there is a common knowledge about the meaning

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Group Investigation di Kelas XI Ma Al Fattah Sumbermulyo

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar ekonomi pada materi jurnal penyesuaian dan kertas kerja dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran group investigation siswa kelas XI MA Al Fattah Sumbermulyo. Pembelajaran group investigation memiliki konsep pada penekanan interaksi antar siswa. Dalam interaksi ini siswa akan membentuk komunitas yang memungkinkan mereka mencintai proses dan mencintai satu sama lain. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPS semeter genap MA Al Fattah Sumbermulyo yang terdiri dari 26 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas XI IPS semeter genap MA Al Fattah Sumbermulyo yang terdiri dari 26 siswa. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari model pembelajaran group investigation sebagai variabel bebas dan hasil belajar siswa sebagai variabel terikat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, tes dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada siklus pertama sebesar 62%, kemudian pada siklus kedua persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa mencapai 81%, dan pada siklus ketiga persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa mencapai 92%. Hal ini berarti penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation telah berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa

A Simple Polarization for Powerful Preliminary Test of Oil Quality Level

In this paper, light polarization has been used to indicate level quality of various vegetable oils. A new indication of level quality used here was change of light polarization, and was measured using a simple pair of polarizer-analyzer. The result showed that the degradation of oil quality until to its date of expiration was indicated by higher change of polarization. It was proposed that the saturated fatty acid methyl stearate (C17H34O2) and unsaturated fatty acids methyl oleate (C19H36O2) in triglycerides molecules were the most fatty acids that could be responsible to the degradation of oil quality. This method apparently has been relative more powerful than standard parameters such as free fatty acid (FFA) test

The Enrichment of New Vocabularies in Sasak Language Because of Gold Mining Spreading in Sekotong West Lombok

This study aims at describing 1) what new forms of vocabulary are, 2) how new vocabulary is accepted by Sekotong community, and 3) why the Sekotong community received a new vocabulary as a form of Sasak language enrichment. The approach used to discover the data in this study was linguistic approach with micro part by looking at the side of words that belongs to the morphology study. In the early stage, this research employed observation method in the early stages and followed by data collection, data classification, and data analysis. Data collection in this research was done through in-depth interviews by applying recording and defect techniques. The data were gathered from the informant as a source of data. The data analysis was firstly conducted by looking the data classified. Further, the data were analyzed in terms of the types of words consisting of nouns, verbs, adjective and the numeral. In addition, to analyze the word of the word class the data, it is also seen in terms of free morpheme and bound morpheme by the meaning of lexical, grammatical and contextual meaning

Konservasi Piper Miniatum Bl. Dengan Perbanyakan Cara Perundukan;ekstraksi Dan Uji Aktifitas Antiradikal Bebas Dpph, Dan Antidiabetik

The aim of this study was to determine the potency of Piper miniatum as medicinal plant and its propagation method. Extraction and bioassays test (antioxidant activity by DPPH method and antidiabetes by á- glucocidase test) were done. Propagationwas done by bending the internodes at different maturity (R1, R2, R3) and growth medium (compost artificial, mixed husk, forest compost and soil as control treatment).The experimental design in this study was Complete Block Design, with 10 replication. The result showed that forest compost had positive respons to numberof shoot, number of new internodes, and number of leaves on R1, R2 and R3. Old internode showed positive effect at mixed husk growth medium to number of shoots (19), emergence of new internodes (21). New seedling/plantlet were obtained 4 weeksearlier at bending treatment than that of stem cutting. Bioassays test showed that methanol extract of P. miniatum had no- free radical scavenger activity but very active on á-glukocidase inhibition with LC50 for leaves and mixed of leaves and stem were 0.82 and10.75 respectively

Kajian Konservasi Buah Merah Melalui Kultur Jaringan Tanaman; Ekstrasi , Fraksinasi Buah, Uji Antioksidan, Dan Uji Antidiabetik

Buah merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Pandanaceae has several local name in Kelila, Wamena – Papua based on its size, fruit colo, leaf color and taste. It has wide distribution and can be found low land to high land. Buah merah contains valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds in abundant/high concentration, such as: â-caroten, tocopherol, fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and decanoic acid). Its cultivation had been done ocal people but not extensively. The easiest way of buah merah propagation was by separating buah merah seedling and stem cutting or byplanting its.The aim of the study were to compile the data that support plant identification of buah merah from Kelila, Wamena-Papua, to study is potency for antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and determine the best media in tissue culture for producing buah merah planlet. The result showed that shoot bud from stem explant cultured in media combination of MS + IBA (2 mg/l) + BA(5 mg/l) produce 10 plantlets, while callus came from leaf tip explant cultured in media combination of MS + BA (5mg/l)+TDZ (0.02 mg/l) The antioxidant test showed that ethyl acetate fraction had good antioxidant activity LC 50 (0.253) while petroleum ether fraction showed good antidiabetic properties with 0.5 % (0.560), 0.25 % (0.593) and control is 0.633

Pengaruh Dimensi Karir terhadap Kinerja Organisasi dengan Struktur Organisasi sebagai Moderasi (Studi pada Manajer-manajer Perusahaan di Jawa-tengah)

This research examined the influence of career system dimentions on company performanceand organization structure as moderation variable. Career system dimentions consisting of; 1)career clarity & development, 2) promotion & reward system, and 3) job security. This researchtested to company managers in central Java. Five hundred questionnaires were distributed, 219questionnaires returned and 214 questionnaires were included in the analyses. Multipleregressions was used to examined the effect career system dimentions on performance. Next step,the researcher examined moderating effect of structure on the effects of career system onperformance. The result of multiple regressions indicated that career clarity & development,promotion & reward system have positive and significant effect on performance. In addition, therole of organization structure as moderating variable was supported

Penentuan Frekuensi Resonansi Pada Artifisial Metamaterial Menggunakan Bentuk Split Ring Resonator (Srr)

Metamaterial represent the material with negative value of permitivity ( ) and permeability ( ). Artificial metamaterial can be realized with periodic structure of wire for the negative relative permittivity ( ), and Split Ring Resonator (SRR) for the negative relative permeability ( ). This research represent the theoretical study about the dimension effect of SRR to active frequency of electromagnetic wave ( ) at artificial metamaterial. Plasmon resonances in SRR due to the interaction with the electromagnetic waves used to determine in order to obtain the equation in the form of frequency. From these equations graphically simulated between to the at various dimension size of SRR, so can be knowable about the dimension effect of SRR to active frequency of metamaterial. At periodic structure of SRR, if the distance apart of SRR ( ) increase hence top boundary of active frequency (magnetic plasma frequency, ) decrease, and bottom boundary of active frequency (SRR resonance frequency, ) do not change. If radius of SRR ( ) increase hence will decrease the and . If the gap ring of SRR ( ) increase hence increase of and