Thermochemical conversion of plant biomass in the energotechnological complex with heat recovery

Basic performance principles of the energotechnological complex used for thermochemical conversion of plant biomass with the influence of a magnetic field and high recovery of spent heat carrier energy have been developed. The concurrent saturation of a spent heat carrier in a loading bunker with the steam from humid biomass aimed at using a certain part of a spent heat carrier, which is clear from oxygen and nitrogen oxide, and moisture in thermochemical recovery has been considered as an important aspect of recuperation processes. A mathematical model has been developed and the results of numerical simulation have been presented for determining the distribution of temperature, velocity and pressure fields in a loading bunker. Prospective assessment of the engineering solutions developed for heat energy recovery of a double-flow spent heat carrier has been conducted

Feasibility test of agricultural residues through characterization for utilization in plasma gasification

Agricultural residues were characterized to determine their feasibility as feedstock for plasma gasification. Husk, stalk, straw and shell were selected for the study and proximate analysis, elemental composition analysis, thermal value analysis were carried out using standard procedures. Producer gas generated from these bio-residues is well suited for plasma gasification process where the working temperature is between 1200-2000ºC. These substances have moisture content in the range of 5-12%, and volatile matter content of 58-70%, offering good burning characteristics and conversion to electricity. The fixed carbon content of 13 to 20% contributes significantly to its calorific value. The average calorific value of selected agricultural residues (18.27 MJ/kg) was higher than the calorific value of feedstock (12 to 16 MJ/kg) used in plasma gasification, thus reinforcing their suitability further. It was found that selected agricultural residues could be adopted and promising fuel for plasma generation and deserve further development as a sustainable and renewable alternative

Breast cancer: an overview

Abstract: Breast cancer accounts for the second largest cause of death in women in Western countries. The incidence of breast cancer in Asian populations is indeed 6 to 7 fold lower as compared to Western populations. Globally more than 7,00,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. In USA, approximately 1,82,460 new cases of invasive and 67,770 new cases of non-invasive (in-situ) breast cancers were diagnosed in women. In India 70,000 new cases of breast cancer and 35,000 deaths due to this cancer are reported every year. Though genetic factor accounts for 10-15% of all breast cancer case, life style and environmental factors play a significant role in predisposing women to this form of cancer. The present review discuss about the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, biomarkers and chemoprevention of breast cancer

High yielding and moderately resistant to fruit rot disease chilli hybrid – CCH 1 (TNAU Chilli Hybrid CO 1)

Anthracnose is one of the serious diseases in chilli which affects whole plant and also fruits in particular. A study wasundertaken to develop a high yielding and anthracnose disease resistant hybrid in chilli at the Dept. of Vegetable Crops, HC &RI, TNAU, Coimbatore during 2004-05. As a first step, ninety three germplasm lines maintained in the Dept. of Vegetablecrops were evaluated for disease resistant and yield. Three single plant selections namely Sln 1, Sln 2 and Sln 3 made inadvanced generations of a hybrid were found to be resistant and the genotypes Arka Lohit, Pepper Hot, CA 97, KDC 1,CC 4, CA 95, CA 115 and CA 59 were found to be moderately resistant. These selected lines were used both as male(testers) and lines as female parents and 30 hybrids were obtained. All these hybrids were tested for the performance ofyield, quality and disease resistance. Among them the hybrid combination of Sln 1 x CA 97 was identified as bestperformed hybrid CCH 1(TNAU Chilli Hybrid CO 1). This was test verified across the state in 8 MLT and 103 ARTplots along with NS 1701 and K 1 as check. The results showed that the per cent increase was 14.65 over NS 1701 and51.40 over K 1for green fruit yield and 19.15 and 60.86 for dry fruit yield respectively. The fruit rot incidence in termsof Percentage of Disease Index (PDI) observed was 12.50 and hence it is comes under moderately resistant group. Thisentry CCH 1 has been released as TNAU Chilli Hybrid CO 1 during the year 2009-10

Observations of petroleum hydrocarbons and some water quality parameters during oil spill , near Madras Harbour

245-248<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">Status of water quality and accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) in intertidal sediment of the area affected by oil spill were studied. PHC concentration in water was 11-139 μg.l-1 with higher concentrations at southern stations, away from the actual location of the oil spill. The PHC level in the intertidal sediment varied widely from 4-11,059 mg.kg-1 having presence of oil patches at middle stations. Dissolved oxygen (DO) varied from 0.582-6.098 mg.l-1 with higher concentrations at northern stations. Nitrite was very low (BDL-0.919 μg-at Nl-1). Nitrate content was BDL-9.234 μg-at N l-1 that was lower as compared with the baseline values. The lower values of nitrate at southern stations of the study area may be due to utilization of the species in absence of sufficient oxygen. The high phosphate content (1.832-8.850 μg-at P l-1) may possibly originate through sewage discharge in the estuaries. Oxidation and microbial degradation of oil by bacteria utilizing DO and nitrate as a source leads to poor physico-chemical condition of the coastal ecosystem severely affecting the biota in this region.</span

Principal Component Analysis for Quality Traits in Indigenous Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Germplasm Lines

The present investigation was carried out at Department of Vegetable Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute (HC&amp;RI), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam during 2016 -2017 with twenty genotypes in order to study the genetic diversity for different Quality characters of Moringa by principal component analysis. In this study, out of five principal components (PC), only three components exhibited eigenvalues greater than 0.5 and accounted for 84.12% variability. The PC1 accounted for the highest variability (52.53% of) the total variability, followed by PC2 (17.66%) then PC3 with 13.93%. Thus the results of the principal component analysis revealed, wide genetic variability exists in this Moringa genotype accessions

Possible effects of Phillyrea latifolia

Context Phillyrea latifolia L. (Oleaceae), commonly found in the Mediterranean region in Turkey, is used as medicinal teas for weight loss and hyperglycaemia in folk medicine