An Investigation into Traffic Turning Movement at Jibowu

This paper aims at understanding the behavioral pattern of traffic at Jibowu intersection with a view of using the results obtained as a model for understudying traffic movement at similar intersections in the Lagos metropolis. Consequently, an evaluation of the sampled intersections was carried out by employing a physical measurement of the layout, traffic volume at each turning point, and evaluating it against the back drop of traffic delays at the intersections. The paper reviews the traffic flow situation within the context of increasing motorization, poor infrastructural facilities and a continuous stream of traffic inflow. It highlights the problems with emphasis on the importance of signalization, land use, intersection design and traffic systems management. The paper concludes that most of the bottlenecks experienced at the intersection are man-induced. Rather than obeying traffic regulations, people act otherwise either out of ignorance or gross indiscipline. Secondly the paper posits that the land use allocation in the area should be reviewed especially with emphasis on discouraging the luxury bus operators from using the area as their base or Main Park. Although the paper did not fully measure the delay at the intersection, it has however set the stage for further investigations.Turning Movement, Junction, Traffic Jam, Survey, Delays, Lagos, Turning Points, Signalization

Estimation of Carbon Stock Monetary Value of a Tropical Rainforest in Nigeria

The study estimated the carbon stock contents of a lowland rainforest in Nigeria, Okomu National Park. Four major Carbon pools were estimated, they were: above-ground biomass; below-ground biomass: dead wood; and litter. Nested plot design was used for sample plot demarcation. All trees (living and dead) with Dbh ≥ 10cm were enumerated within the 50 m X 50 m and 20 m X 20 m plots, while the 1 m X 1 m quadrant was for litter samples collection. Core samples and sub-samples were collected from live tree and dead wood respectively. The total carbon stock estimated for the study area was 177.58 tons/ha, of which above-ground biomass accounted for 134.01 tons/ha and below-ground biomass was 33.50 tons/ha. Dead wood was 6.05 tons/ha while litter was 4.02 tons/ha.  The Carbondioxide equivalent was estimated to be 651.14 tons/ha.  The monetary value for the carbon stock estimated at $4/tCO2 was$ 52,674,679. Thus, carbon sequestration is one of the significant ecosystem services provided by mature rainforests. Keywords: Carbon pool, Rainforest, Ecosystem Service, Climate Change, Forest Management DOI: 10.7176/JRDM/63-06 Publication date:March 31st 202

A Risk Analysis and Safety Context on Nigeria Road

The starting point of this work was analysing of data from road safety corp.  Applying safety to tanker/trailer on Nigeria road.  Road transport system was studied.  Accident was examined using Haddon Matrix. The three basic factors of road crash human, vehicle and road environment was pin point. However, a ban of trucks on Nigeria road was scrutinized with time lag effect on other industries. Tankers / Trailers expected casualty was estimated using probabilities. The summary table of Tankers / Trailers Road Traffic Crashes between  2007- 2010 by RSC was used in the work. Recommendation and conclusion Keywords: Safety on road, Expected Casualty, Accident, Risk on road, Hazard theor

Accurate solutions of Colebrook-White’s friction factor formulae

Estimations of friction factor (Ff) in pipeline systems and fluid transport are essential ingredients in engineering fields and processes. In this paper explicit friction factor formulae (Fff) were proposed and evaluated with an aim of developing error free Fff. General Fff that relate Ff, Reynolds number (Re) and relative roughness (Rr) were proposed. Colebrook – White’s formula was used to compute different Ff for Re between 4 x 103 and 1.704 x 108, and Rr between 1.0 x 10-7 and 0.052 using Microsoft Excel Solver to fix the Fff. The fixed Fff were used to compute Ff for Re between 4 x 103 and 1.704 x 108 and Rr between 1.0 x 10-7 and 0.052. Accuracy of the fixed Fff was evaluated using relative error; model of selection (MSC) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and compared with the previous Fff using Colebrook–White’s Ff as the reference. The study revealed that Ff estimated using the fixed Fff were the same as Ff estimated using Colebrook – White’s Fff. The fixed Fff provided the lowest relative error of (0.02 %; 0.06 % and 0.04 % ), the highest MSC (14.03; 12.42 and 13.07); and the lowest AIC (-73006; -64580 and -67982). The study concluded that modeling of Fff using numerical methods and Microsoft Excel Solver are better tools for estimating Ff in pipeline flow problems.Keywords: Friction factor, MSC; AIC; Reynolds number; Engineering Field; pipe flow, statistical method

Book Review: From Disrupter to Achiever: Creating Successful Learning Environments for the Self-Control Classroom

Levin and Shanken-Kaye have written a text, “From Disrupter to Achiever”, a major contribution to the literature focusing on how to provide positive intervention in a disruptive classroom. The book is presented to the reader as a new model that challenges traditional beliefs and approaches about behavior management in the classroom. The authors focused on how to create a successful learning environment by promoting positive behavior through respectable interaction between teacher and student with the aim of developing student responsibility. The purpose of the new model introduced by Levin and Shanken-Kaye, is to inculcate in students, the importance of personal accountability, integrity and duty to others. The authors also seek to generate in teachers a desire to re-evaluate previously acquired knowledge about classroom management. The goal is to replace the traditional approach with a new paradigm that challenges traditional methods of dealing with disruptive and non-compliant behavior in the classroom. The authors also want educators to analyze the outcome of traditional methods of classroom interventions. The authors criticize the traditional model as being analogous to “animal husbandry”, in which educators use a system of reward and punishment to ensure compliance to teacher expectation

Global utilisation of cereals: sustainability and environmental issues

Over the years, cereals have been the major food consumed by humans and have also been used in animal diet and therefore highly commendable for playing a major role in the preservation of human race. Studies have shown that half of the total percentage of calories consumed in the world is from cereals while it is also the most traded agricultural crop at the international market. This motivates the need to assess its utilisation in the past, present and future. This review shows that much driven by the use of cereals are factors like consumption and dietary pattern of a person or country, technological advancement in adding value to it, income status, market forces of demand and supply, level of affluence and policy. The trend in global cereals utilisation since its domestication has indicated an upward one with bulk of it being consumed as food in developing countries while majority of it goes into feeding livestock in developed countries. Evidence from this study also shows that the per capita utilisation of cereals directly for food is exceedingly great in developing countries than developed countries which is an indicator of malnutrition when not balance with other nutrients as it was observed in Bangladesh where calorie intake of an adult is about 90% from cereals. While there is a steady increase in global cereals utilisation due to its discovered industrial use as fuel, increased population and other factors, it will be expedient to focus on its sustainability and environmental issues that are likely to come up as a limitation to meet future demands

STRATEGIES FOR TEACHER MENTORING IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

The study investigated the strategies adopted for mentoring in public universities in Rivers state. one (1) research question and one (1) hypothesis guided the study. The design adopted for the study was the descriptive survey. The population of the study was two thousand two hundred and twenty-two (2,222) university lecturers in the three public universities in Rivers state, out of which a sample size of six hundred (600) lecturers were drawn using stratified random sampling technique. An 8-item instrument titled Strategies for Mentoring Questionnaire (SFMQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by the researcher’s supervisors as well as three (2) experts in the same Department. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha with an index of 0.71. The research questions of the study were answered using mean and standard deviation while the hypotheses were tested using z-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the strategies adopted for Mentoring were not effective and efficient. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that university administrators should adopt effective strategies like collaboration and documentation. This according to the study can be achieved by adequate planning and funding of mentoring programme. Article visualizations

Serum cardiac troponin i and lactate as prognostic markers of Canine African Trypanosomiasis

The study was aimed at understanding the nature and pattern of serum lactate, cardiac troponin I changes associated with acute Trypanosoma brucei infection of dogs. It also seeks to investigate the usefulness of these biomarkers in monitoring disease progression and predicting mortality. Twenty healthy adult dogs of both sexes were used for the study. All the dogs were intra-peritoneally inoculated with 1ml of phosphate buffered saline diluted blood containing 1x106 of Lafenwa strain of T. brucei. The serum lactate, cardiac troponin I, potassium, sodium, chloride and bicarbonate were monitored before and at 16 and 24 days after infection. There was a progressive increase in serum values of lactate, cardiac troponin I and potassium at various days after infection. A significant association was found between lactate and heart rate, chloride and heart rate, potassium and cardiac troponin I. This result has shown that there could be myocardial damage due to hypoxia of anemia and hypo-perfusion in canine African trypanosomiasis. The progressive increase in serum lactate and cardiac troponin I could help in predicting severity and outcome of Canine African Trypanosomiasis. The Lactic acidosis may increase ventilation drive and consequently the heart rates of infected dogs

Significance of Coriolis Force on Eyring-Powell Flow Over A Rotating Non-uniform Surface

Coriolis force plays significant roles in natural phenomena such as atmospheric dynamics, weather patterns, etc. Meanwhile, to circumvent the unreliability of Newtonian law for flows involving varying speed, Eyring-Powell fluid equations are used in computational fluid dynamics. This paper unravels the significance of Coriolis force on Eyring-Powell fluid over the rotating upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution. Relevant body forces are included in the Navier-Stokes equations to model the flow of non-Newtonian Eyring-Powell fluid under the influence of Coriolis force. Using similarity transformation, the governing equations are nondimensionalized, thereby transforming the nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of boundary value nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The shooting technique is adopted to convert the boundary value problem to an initial value problem, which is in turn solved using the Runge-Kutta-Gill Scheme. At low Coriolis force, temperature profiles increase as Eyring-Powell parameter increases, whereas at high Coriolis force, temperature profiles decrease with increasing Eyring-Powell parameter