An Investigation into Traffic Turning Movement at Jibowu

This paper aims at understanding the behavioral pattern of traffic at Jibowu intersection with a view of using the results obtained as a model for understudying traffic movement at similar intersections in the Lagos metropolis. Consequently, an evaluation of the sampled intersections was carried out by employing a physical measurement of the layout, traffic volume at each turning point, and evaluating it against the back drop of traffic delays at the intersections. The paper reviews the traffic flow situation within the context of increasing motorization, poor infrastructural facilities and a continuous stream of traffic inflow. It highlights the problems with emphasis on the importance of signalization, land use, intersection design and traffic systems management. The paper concludes that most of the bottlenecks experienced at the intersection are man-induced. Rather than obeying traffic regulations, people act otherwise either out of ignorance or gross indiscipline. Secondly the paper posits that the land use allocation in the area should be reviewed especially with emphasis on discouraging the luxury bus operators from using the area as their base or Main Park. Although the paper did not fully measure the delay at the intersection, it has however set the stage for further investigations.Turning Movement, Junction, Traffic Jam, Survey, Delays, Lagos, Turning Points, Signalization

A Risk Analysis and Safety Context on Nigeria Road

The starting point of this work was analysing of data from road safety corp.  Applying safety to tanker/trailer on Nigeria road.  Road transport system was studied.  Accident was examined using Haddon Matrix. The three basic factors of road crash human, vehicle and road environment was pin point. However, a ban of trucks on Nigeria road was scrutinized with time lag effect on other industries. Tankers / Trailers expected casualty was estimated using probabilities. The summary table of Tankers / Trailers Road Traffic Crashes between  2007- 2010 by RSC was used in the work. Recommendation and conclusion Keywords: Safety on road, Expected Casualty, Accident, Risk on road, Hazard theor

Accurate solutions of Colebrook-White’s friction factor formulae

Estimations of friction factor (Ff) in pipeline systems and fluid transport are essential ingredients in engineering fields and processes. In this paper explicit friction factor formulae (Fff) were proposed and evaluated with an aim of developing error free Fff. General Fff that relate Ff, Reynolds number (Re) and relative roughness (Rr) were proposed. Colebrook – White’s formula was used to compute different Ff for Re between 4 x 103 and 1.704 x 108, and Rr between 1.0 x 10-7 and 0.052 using Microsoft Excel Solver to fix the Fff. The fixed Fff were used to compute Ff for Re between 4 x 103 and 1.704 x 108 and Rr between 1.0 x 10-7 and 0.052. Accuracy of the fixed Fff was evaluated using relative error; model of selection (MSC) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and compared with the previous Fff using Colebrook–White’s Ff as the reference. The study revealed that Ff estimated using the fixed Fff were the same as Ff estimated using Colebrook – White’s Fff. The fixed Fff provided the lowest relative error of (0.02 %; 0.06 % and 0.04 % ), the highest MSC (14.03; 12.42 and 13.07); and the lowest AIC (-73006; -64580 and -67982). The study concluded that modeling of Fff using numerical methods and Microsoft Excel Solver are better tools for estimating Ff in pipeline flow problems.Keywords: Friction factor, MSC; AIC; Reynolds number; Engineering Field; pipe flow, statistical method

Book Review: From Disrupter to Achiever: Creating Successful Learning Environments for the Self-Control Classroom

Levin and Shanken-Kaye have written a text, “From Disrupter to Achiever”, a major contribution to the literature focusing on how to provide positive intervention in a disruptive classroom. The book is presented to the reader as a new model that challenges traditional beliefs and approaches about behavior management in the classroom. The authors focused on how to create a successful learning environment by promoting positive behavior through respectable interaction between teacher and student with the aim of developing student responsibility. The purpose of the new model introduced by Levin and Shanken-Kaye, is to inculcate in students, the importance of personal accountability, integrity and duty to others. The authors also seek to generate in teachers a desire to re-evaluate previously acquired knowledge about classroom management. The goal is to replace the traditional approach with a new paradigm that challenges traditional methods of dealing with disruptive and non-compliant behavior in the classroom. The authors also want educators to analyze the outcome of traditional methods of classroom interventions. The authors criticize the traditional model as being analogous to “animal husbandry”, in which educators use a system of reward and punishment to ensure compliance to teacher expectation

Homotopy liftings and Hochschild cohomology of some twisted tensor products

The Hochschild cohomology of a tensor product of algebras is isomorphic to a graded tensor product of Hochschild cohomology algebras, as a Gerstenhaber algebra. A similar result holds when the tensor product is twisted by a bicharacter. We present new proofs of these isomorphisms, using Volkov's homotopy liftings that were introduced for handling Gerstenhaber brackets expressed on arbitrary bimodule resolutions. Our results illustrate the utility of homotopy liftings for theoretical purposes.Comment: 14 pages, minor reference corrections, added Section 4 with example

BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE RIGHTS OF THE FEMALE GENDER IN NIGERIA

The Boko Haram insurgency in Northern Nigeria and counter-insurgency measures adopted by the Nigerian Government has caused humanitarian crises and wanton destruction, thereby having adverse impact on the Nigerian nation and its citizenry especially the female gender. The situation has aggravated and degenerated into internal displacement, loss of livelihood and criminal acts such as abduction, murder and rape. This paper examines the various human rights violations perpetrated on the female gender as a result of the insurgency and counter-insurgency operations, it highlights the various women and girls’ rights instruments and in conclusion, posits that gender equality, economic empowerment for female folks, partnership with foreign superpowers and adopting an effective intelligence network are possible means of putting a stop to the insurgency and reducing its effect on the female gender in the Country

Effect of varieties on physicochemical and pasting characteristics of water yam flours and starches

Water yam (Dioscorea alata) flour and starch of ten varieties were processed using standard wet-milling procedure prior to the determination of their physico-chemical and pasting properties. The swelling power of the samples was characterized in the category of high restricted-swelling starch (9.21 to 11.03% for flours; 9.49 to 13.80% for starches). This characteristic is desirable for the manufacture of value-added products such as noodles and composite blends with cereals. The pasting temperature (78.05 to 86.13°C, for flours; 80.38 to 86.15°C for starches) and time (4.44 to 5.17 min for flours; 4.53 to 5.17 min for starches) of test varieties indicate higher gelatinization temperature and longer cooking time. Results of analyses of physico-chemical and pasting properties indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) among the varieties. All the varieties studied gave the potentials for the manufacture of these value-added products and non-food applications of starch such as in paper and textile industries. Moreover, the results obtained in this study also show that potential exists for selecting nutritionally superior varieties of D. alata (TDa 297 and TDa 00/00194 for flour, TDa 297 and TDa 98/01183 for starch) and these varieties could be good sources of diets to its consumers and serve as food security in developing countries.Key words: Water yam, physico-chemical, pasting, flour, starch

Fundamental parameters of RR Lyrae stars from multicolour photometry and Kurucz atmospheric models. I. Theory and practical implementation

A photometric calibration of Kurucz static model atmospheres is used to obtain the following parameters of RR Lyrae stars: variation of stellar angular radius $\vartheta$, effective temperature $T_{\rm e}$, gravity $g_{\rm e}$ as a function of phase, interstellar reddening $E(B-V)$ towards the star and atmospheric metallicity $M$. Photometric and hydrodynamic conditions are given to find the phases of pulsation when the quasi-static atmosphere approximation (QSAA) can be applied. The QSAA is generalized to a non-uniformly moving spherical atmosphere, and the distance $d$, mass ${\cal M}$ and atmospheric motion are derived from the laws of mass and momentum conservation. To demonstrate the efficiency of the method, the $UBV(RI)_C$ photometry of SU Dra was used to derive the following parameters: $[M]=-1.60\pm .10$~dex, $E(B-V)=0.015\pm .010$, $d=663\pm 67$~pc, ${\cal M}=(0.68\pm .03){\cal M}_\odot$, equilibrium luminosity $L_{\rm eq}=45.9\pm 9.3L_\odot$ and $T_{\rm eq}=6813\pm 20$~K.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure