¿El ocaso de la estrategia?

Hemos presenciado recientemente olas de críticas desde diversos frentes hacia el capitalismo, la especulación financiera y la excesiva preocupación en la obtención de beneficios, La sociedad exige a las empresas mayor compromiso con el medio ambiente y con la solución de la pobreza, ¿Perdieron su norte las empresas al concentrarse en crear necesidades superfluas en lugar de satisfacer las básicas? ¿Quién es el último culpable de los escándalos corporativos que han sucedido en el mundo entero? Siendo la estrategia el arte que, por defecto, deben dominar presidentes ejecutivos y gerentes generales, parece prudente examinar su nivel de responsabilidad ante esta crisis, ¿Es posible que estemos presenciado el 'ocaso' de la estrategia?Hemos presenciado recientemente olas de críticas desde diversos frentes hacia el capitalismo, la especulación financiera y la excesiva preocupación en la obtención de beneficios, La sociedad exige a las empresas mayor compromiso con el medio ambiente y con la solución de la pobreza, ¿Perdieron su norte las empresas al concentrarse en crear necesidades superfluas en lugar de satisfacer las básicas? ¿Quién es el último culpable de los escándalos corporativos que han sucedido en el mundo entero? Siendo la estrategia el arte que, por defecto, deben dominar presidentes ejecutivos y gerentes generales, parece prudente examinar su nivel de responsabilidad ante esta crisis, ¿Es posible que estemos presenciado el 'ocaso' de la estrategia

Reliable quantification of the potential for equations based on spot urine samples to estimate population salt intake: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Methods based on spot urine samples (a single sample at one time-point) have been identified as a possible alternative approach to 24-hour urine samples for determining mean population salt intake. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to identify a reliable method for estimating mean population salt intake from spot urine samples. This will be done by comparing the performance of existing equations against one other and against estimates derived from 24-hour urine samples. The effects of factors such as ethnicity, sex, age, body mass index, antihypertensive drug use, health status, and timing of spot urine collection will be explored. The capacity of spot urine samples to measure change in salt intake over time will also be determined. Finally, we aim to develop a novel equation (or equations) that performs better than existing equations to estimate mean population salt intake. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data will be conducted. A search has been conducted to identify human studies that report salt (or sodium) excretion based upon 24-hour urine samples and spot urine samples. There were no restrictions on language, study sample size, or characteristics of the study population. MEDLINE via OvidSP (1946-present), Premedline via OvidSP, EMBASE, Global Health via OvidSP (1910-present), and the Cochrane Library were searched, and two reviewers identified eligible studies. The authors of these studies will be invited to contribute data according to a standard format. Individual participant records will be compiled and a series of analyses will be completed to: (1) compare existing equations for estimating 24-hour salt intake from spot urine samples with 24-hour urine samples, and assess the degree of bias according to key demographic and clinical characteristics; (2) assess the reliability of using spot urine samples to measure population changes in salt intake overtime; and (3) develop a novel equation that performs better than existing equations to estimate mean population salt intake. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 538 records; 100 records were obtained for review in full text and 73 have been confirmed as eligible. In addition, 68 abstracts were identified, some of which may contain data eligible for inclusion. Individual participant data will be requested from the authors of eligible studies. CONCLUSIONS: Many equations for estimating salt intake from spot urine samples have been developed and validated, although most have been studied in very specific settings. This meta-analysis of individual participant data will enable a much broader understanding of the capacity for spot urine samples to estimate population salt intake

Percussion hemoglobinuria - a novel term for hand trauma-induced mechanical hemolysis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Extracorpuscular hemolysis caused by mechanical trauma has been well described in relation to lower extremity use, such as in soldiers and runners. Terms such as "march hemoglobinuria", "foot strike hemolysis" and "runners hemoglobinuria" have previously been coined and are easily recalled. Newer cases, however, are being identified in individuals vigorously using their upper extremities, such as drum players who use their hands to strike the instrument. Given the increased recognition of upper extremity-related mechanical hemolysis and hemoglobinuria in drummers, and the use of hand drumming worldwide, we would like introduce a novel term for this condition and call it "percussion hemoglobinuria".</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 24-year-old Caucasian man presented with reddish brown discoloration of his urine after playing the djembe drum. Urine examination after a rigorous practice session revealed blood on the dipstick, and 0 to 2 red blood cells per high power field microscopically. The urine sample was negative for myoglobulin. Other causes of hemolysis and hematuria were excluded and cessation of drum playing resulted in resolution of his symptoms.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The association of mechanical trauma-induced hemoglobinuria and playing hand percussion instruments is increasingly being recognized. We, however, feel that the true prevalence is higher than what has been previously recorded in the literature. By coining the term "percussion hemoglobinuria" we hope to raise the awareness of screening for upper extremity trauma-induced mechanical hemolysis in the evaluation of a patient with hemoglobinuria.</p

Humane Orientation, Work–Family Conflict, and Positive Spillover Across Cultures

Although cross-national work–family research has made great strides in recent decades, knowledge accumulation on the impact of culture on the work–family interface has been hampered by a limited geographical and cultural scope that has excluded countries where cultural expectations regarding work, family, and support may differ. We advance this literature by investigating work–family relationships in a broad range of cultures, including understudied regions of the world (i.e., Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia). We focus on humane orientation (HO), an overlooked cultural dimension that is however central to the study of social support and higher in those regions. We explore its moderating effect on relationships between work and family social support, work–family conflict, and work–family positive spillover. Building on the congruence and compensation perspectives of fit theory, we test alternative hypotheses on a sample of 10,307 participants from 30 countries/territories.We find HO has mostly a compensatory role in the relationships between workplace support and work-to-family conflict. Specifically, supervisor and coworker supports were most strongly and negatively related to conflict in cultures in which support is most needed (i.e., lower HO cultures). Regarding positive spillover, HO has mostly an amplifying role. Coworker (but not supervisor) support was most strongly and positively related to work-to-family positive spillover in higherHO cultures, where providing social support at work is consistent with the societal practice of providing support to one another. Likewise, instrumental (but not emotional) family support was most strongly and positively related to family-to-work positive spillover in higher HO cultures

Antibiose em genótipos de Paspalum spp. à cigarrinha Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemipetera: Cercopidae).

Os gêneros Urochloa e Panicum representam 92% das pastagens cultivadas brasileiras. O gênero Paspalum apresenta espécies nativas com potencial forrageiro, sendo uma alternativa para a diversificação das pastagens

Stroke risk following bee and wasp stings: a systematic review of ischemic and hemorrhagic events

BackgroundEach year, approximately 100 million cases of bee and wasp stings are re-ported globally, with the majority resulting in mild reactions. However, in rarer instances, these stings can lead to severe and potentially fatal outcomes, including ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebral events. This article aims to synthesize and analyze the current evidence on the association between bee and wasp stings and the occurrence of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.MethodologyA systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo databases, including studies published in English and Spanish without time restrictions. Studies that met the inclusion criteria, specifically focusing on “bee sting” or “wasp sting” and “stroke” or “cerebrovascular disease” in humans, were included.ResultsOut of the 83 articles initially identified, 28 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review, documenting a total of 29 cases of stroke associated with bee or wasp stings. The distribution of cases was nearly equal between bee and wasp stings. Ischemic stroke emerged as the most commonly reported type, with clinical manifestations primarily affecting the nervous system. Common symptoms included hemiparesis or hemiplegia, hypertension, dysarthria or aphasia, and loss of consciousness or syncope. This pattern underscores the significant neurological and systemic impact of envenomation, which, while rare, can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening complications.ConclusionWhile cerebrovascular events like ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes following bee or wasp stings are rare, the risk is significant and can be life-changing. The impact of a stroke extends beyond immediate symptoms, affecting long-term quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial that healthcare facilities establish protocols to recognize and manage these rare but severe complications. Further research is needed to better understand and mitigate this risk

Antixenose em genótipos de Paspalum notatum à cigarrinha Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemipetera: Cercopidae).

As gramíneas são as principais componentes de paisagens antrópicas. Apesar da grande diversidade da flora brasileira, um número pequeno de espécies é cultivado como pastagens e cobertura do solo (gramados)

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world