248 research outputs found
Manifestations Ophtalmologiques Au Cours Du Syndrome D\'apert : A Propos D\'un Cas
Introduction : Parmi les crĂąniostĂ©noses, le syndrome d\'Apert demande la collaboration de plusieurs spĂ©cialistes, pour sauver ce qui peut l\'ĂȘtre de la fonction visuelle des patients et permettre un dĂ©veloppement cĂ©rĂ©bral le plus proche de la normale.
Observation : Nous présentons le cas d\'une jeune suivie et traitée depuis son jeune ùge pour un syndrome d\'Apert. Elle a subi plusieurs interventions successives pour garder à un ùge assez avancé une fonction visuelle appréciable à 3/10.Les modifications anatomiques ont inéluctablement influé sur l\'état visuel de la patiente avec une myopie forte,un
astigmatisme relativement important et une atrophie papillaire partielle. Discussion : D\'origine génétique, le syndrome d\'Apert est dû à une mutation allélique du récepteur 2 d\'un facteur fibroblastique. Les signes de souffrance cérébrale sont inévitables, et l\'atrophie optique relative représente la séquelle fonctionnelle principale. Conclusion : Une prise en charge de longue haleine est nécessaire dans le syndrome d\'Apert pour espérer sauver une
fonction visuelle utile.Introduction : Several craniosynostotic syndromes are described such as Apert syndrome in which collaboration between different specialists is necessary to preserve visual function and to allow normal cerebral development. Case-report : It\'s a case note of a girl with Apert syndrome. She underwent since her infancy several surgical operations. Anatomic modifications affected her visual status with a best visual acuity of 3/1O, high myopia, astigmatism and partial optic atrophy. Discussion : Apert syndrome is a genetic disorder due to a mutation in fibroblast receptor growth factor genes. Optic
atrophy attributed to optic neuropathy represents the major functional sequella and the major cause of visual loss. Conclusion : Apert syndrome, like all craniosynostotic syndromes, requires a correct management in order to preserve the visual function. Keywords: craniosynostosis, Apert syndrome, decompression surgery, optic atrophy. Journal Tunisien d\'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale Vol. 18 2007: pp. 46-4
Hematome organise du sinus maxillaire a propos dâun cas
LâhĂ©matome organisĂ© du sinus maxillaire est une entitĂ© rare. Son Ă©tiopathogĂ©nie reste incertaine. Nous rapportons le cas dâune patiente ĂągĂ©e de 16 ans prĂ©sentant une Ă©pistaxis unilatĂ©rale droite de grande abondance avec une endoscopie nasale strictement normale. Lâimagerie Ă©tait en faveur dâune tumeur vasculaire du sinus maxillaire. Une exĂ©rĂšse chirurgicale complĂšte a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e par voie combinĂ©e avec des suites simples. Lâexamen anatomopathologique a conclu Ă un hĂ©matome organisĂ© du sinus maxillaire. Nous discutons, dans ce travail, lâĂ©tiopathogĂ©nie, les caractĂ©ristiques cliniques, radiologiques et les volets thĂ©rapeutiques de cette entitĂ©.Mots clĂ©s : HĂ©matome organisĂ©, sinus maxillaire, tomodensitomĂ©trie, chirurgie
Localisation nasosinusienne des tumeurs plasmocytaires
Introduction : Les tumeurs plasmocytaires reprĂ©sentent 3 Ă 4% des tumeurs des cavitĂ©s naso-sinusiennes. Elles nĂ©cessitent un bilan diagnostique spĂ©cifique et une prise en charge adĂ©quate. Nous nous proposons dâĂ©tudier les particularitĂ©s diagnostiques et thĂ©rapeutiques des plasmocytomes naso-sinusiens. MatĂ©riel et mĂ©thodes : Notre Ă©tude est rĂ©trospective comportant 5 cas de plasmocytomes naso-sinusiens confirmĂ©s histologiquement.RĂ©sultats : Il sâagit de 3 hommes et 2 femmes ĂągĂ©s de 32 Ă 77 ans. Le plasmocytome avait une localisation sphĂ©noĂŻdale dans un cas, nasale dans 2 cas, ethmoĂŻdo-nasale dans un cas et naso-maxillaire dans le cas restant. Il sâagissait dâun myĂ©lome multiple dans un cas. Trois patients ont eu une radiothĂ©rapie. Celle-ci Ă©tait associĂ©e Ă une chimiothĂ©rapie dans le cas du myĂ©lome multiple et Ă une exĂ©rĂšse chirurgicale dans les 2 autres cas La chirurgie a Ă©tĂ© seule dans un cas. La chimiothĂ©rapie exclusive a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©e dans un cas de plasmocytome localement avancĂ© mais le patient a Ă©tĂ© perdu de vue. Pour les patients suivis, une seule rĂ©cidive a Ă©tĂ© notĂ©e à 18 mois.Conclusion : La prĂ©sentation clinique des plasmocytomes nasosinusiens est aspĂ©cifique. Le diagnostic est confirmĂ© par lâhistologie. Le pronostic est dominĂ© par la prĂ©sence ou non dâun myĂ©lome multiple et par la taille tumorale. Un suivi prolongĂ© est nĂ©cessaire.Mots clĂ©s : plasmocytome extramĂ©dullaire ; cavitĂ©s naso-sinusiennes ; radiothĂ©rapie ; chirurgie.Introduction: Plasmocytomas represent 3-4% of tumors naso-sinus cavities. Their diagnosis requires a specific investigations and adequate management. We report 5 cases of naso-sinus plasmacytoma and we propose to study their diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics.Materials and methods: Our study is retrospective including 5 cases of naso-sinus plasmacytoma confirmed histologically.Results: There were 3 men and 2 women aged 32 to 77 years. The plasmacytoma had a sphenoidal location in one case, nasal in 2 cases, ethmoid-nasal in one case and naso-maxillary in the remaining case. Multiple myeloma was found in one case. Three patients underwent radiotherapy. This was associated with chemotherapy in multiple myeloma case and surgical resection in 2 cases. Surgery alone was performed in one case. Exclusive chemotherapy was proposed in a case of plasmacytoma locally advanced but the patient was lost sight of. For followed patients, only one recurrence was noted at 18 months.Conclusion: The clinical presentation of sinonasal plasmacytomas is aspecific. The diagnosis is confirmed by histology. The prognosis is dominated by the presence or absence of multiple myeloma and tumor size. Prolonged follow-up is necessary.Keywords : extramedullary plasmacytoma, naso-sinus cavities, radiotherapy ; surgery
Infection néonatale bactérienne précoce : Quand mettre sous antibiotique et quelle antibiothérapie ? Early bacterial neonatal infection: When to indicate antibiotic treatment and what antibiotic therapy ?
Objective. Propose a relevant management strategy that can identify newborns with a bacterial infectious risk and those under clinical monitoring alone or in combination with parenteral antibiotic therapy.Methods. Retrospective study carried out between SA < 42, suspected of early bacterial infection and monitored in Maternity and in the Neonatology Unit of the Hospital Group Carnelle Portes of Oise [Val France]. The clinical-biological and bacteriological data, the therapeutic strategy and the evolution are analyzed.
Results. Two hundred and forty newborns were eligible and divided into three groups: 120 asymptomatic newborns with antenatal criteria for bacterial infectious risk [G1NAS], 70 symptomatic newborns with antenatal criteria for bacterial infectious risk [G2NSCARIB] and 50 symptomatic newborns without antenatal criteria of bacterial infectious risk [G3NSSCARIB]. Inflammatory biology is limited tocolonized G1NAS newborns and symptomatic groups. The identified bacteria [Peripheral samples, gastric fluid, blood and cerebrospinal fluid] were mainly the Streptococcus of the group and the E Coli. Antibiotic therapy has been shown to be useful in asymptomatic newborns with inflammatory syndrome and bacteria identified on peripheral samples and gastric fluid, but also in all symptomatic newborns.
Conclusion. In a early bacterial infection, an interventionist attitude is required, but early antibiotic therapy is only useful in the situation of symptomatic newborns. On the otherhand, in the asymptomatic newborns, antibiotic therapy will be reserved for those carrying both an identified bacteria and an inflammatory syndrome.
Contexte et objectif. Lâinfection nĂ©onatale bactĂ©rienne prĂ©coce est greffĂ©e dâune forte mortalitĂ© et morbiditĂ© conduisant Ă une antibiothĂ©rapie probabiliste sans dĂ©lai souvent Ă posteriori inutile. Lâobjectif du prĂ©sent travail Ă©tait de proposer une stratĂ©gie de prise en charge pertinente susceptible de bien identifier les nouveau-nĂ©s Ă risque infectieux bactĂ©rien et ceux relevant dâune surveillance clinique seule ou associĂ©e Ă une antibiothĂ©rapie parentĂ©rale.
MĂ©thodes. Etude documentaire menĂ©e entre janvier 2014 et janvier 2016 sur des nouveau-nĂ©s de 36â„SA<42, suspects dâinfection bactĂ©rienne prĂ©coce et suivis en MaternitĂ© et dans lâunitĂ© de NĂ©onatologie du Groupe Hospitalier Carnelle Portes de lâOise [Val DâOise, France]. Les donnĂ©es clinico-biologiques et bactĂ©riologiques, la stratĂ©gie thĂ©rapeutique et lâĂ©volution sont analysĂ©es.
RĂ©sultats. Deux cent quarante nouveau-nĂ©s [NNES] ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©ligibles et repartis en trois groupes : 120 NNES asymptomatiques avec critĂšres antĂ©natals de risque infectieux bactĂ©rien [G1NAS], 70 NNES symptomatiques avec critĂšres antĂ©natals de risque infectieux bactĂ©rien [G2NSCARIB] et 50 NNES symptomatiques sans critĂšres antĂ©natals de risque infectieux bactĂ©rien [G3NSSCARIB]. La biologie inflammatoire est limitĂ©e aux NNES du groupe G1NAS colonisĂ©s et aux groupes symptomatiques. Les germes identifiĂ©s [PrĂ©lĂšvements pĂ©riphĂ©riques, liquide gastrique, sang et liquide cĂ©phalorachidien] ont Ă©tĂ© principalement le Streptocoque du groupe ÎČ et lâE Coli. LâantibiothĂ©rapie sâest avĂ©rĂ©e utile chez les NNES asymptomatiques avec syndrome inflam-matoire et germes identifiĂ©s sur les prĂ©lĂšvements pĂ©riphĂ©riques et liquide gastrique, mais aussi chez tous les NNES symptomatiques.
Conclusion. Chez un NNE ĂągĂ© de â„ 36SA et suspect dâinfection bactĂ©rienne prĂ©coce, une attitude interventionniste est de rigueur, mais lâantibiothĂ©rapie sans dĂ©lai nâest utile que dans les situations des NNES symptomatiques. En revanche, chez les NNES asymptomatiques, lâantibiothĂ©rapie sera rĂ©servĂ©e Ă ceux porteurs Ă la fois dâun germe et dâun syndrome inflammatoire
Proximal tibiofibular synostosis as a possible cause of a pseudoradicular syndrome: a case report
This paper presents a case report of persistent low back pain and suspected lumbar radiculopathy. A synostosis at the level of the proximal tibiofibular joint was diagnosed. After successful resection of the synostosis, the low back symptoms resolved completely. This is the first report of a proximal tibiofibular synostosis as a possible cause of referred pain proximally
Challenges Predicting Ligand-Receptor Interactions of Promiscuous Proteins: The Nuclear Receptor PXR
Transcriptional regulation of some genes involved in xenobiotic detoxification and apoptosis is performed via the human pregnane X receptor (PXR) which in turn is activated by structurally diverse agonists including steroid hormones. Activation of PXR has the potential to initiate adverse effects, altering drug pharmacokinetics or perturbing physiological processes. Reliable computational prediction of PXR agonists would be valuable for pharmaceutical and toxicological research. There has been limited success with structure-based modeling approaches to predict human PXR activators. Slightly better success has been achieved with ligand-based modeling methods including quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, pharmacophore modeling and machine learning. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis focused on prediction of 115 steroids for ligand binding activity towards human PXR. Six crystal structures were used as templates for docking and ligand-based modeling approaches (two-, three-, four- and five-dimensional analyses). The best success at external prediction was achieved with 5D-QSAR. Bayesian models with FCFP_6 descriptors were validated after leaving a large percentage of the dataset out and using an external test set. Docking of ligands to the PXR structure co-crystallized with hyperforin had the best statistics for this method. Sulfated steroids (which are activators) were consistently predicted as non-activators while, poorly predicted steroids were docked in a reverse mode compared to 5α-androstan-3ÎČ-ol. Modeling of human PXR represents a complex challenge by virtue of the large, flexible ligand-binding cavity. This study emphasizes this aspect, illustrating modest success using the largest quantitative data set to date and multiple modeling approaches
Agroecology and Health: Lessons from Indigenous Populations.
Purpose of reviewThe article aims to systematize and disseminate the main contributions of indigenous ancestral wisdom in the agroecological production of food, especially in Latin America. For this purpose, it is necessary to ask whether such knowledge can be accepted by academia research groups and international forums as a valid alternative that could contribute to overcome the world's nutritional problems.Recent findingsAlthough no new findings are being made, the validity of ancestral knowledge and agroecology is recognized by scientific research, and by international forums organized by agencies of the United Nations. These recommend that governments should implement them in their policies of development, and in the allocation of funds to support these initiatives. Agroecology and ancestral knowledge are being adopted by a growing number of organizations, indigenous peoples and social groups in various parts of the world, as development alternatives that respond to local needs and worldviews. Its productive potential is progressively being recognized at an international level as a model that contributes to improve the condition of people regarding nutritional food
Sequence-specific antimicrobials using efficiently delivered RNA-guided nucleases
Current antibiotics tend to be broad spectrum, leading to indiscriminate killing of commensal bacteria and accelerated evolution of drug resistance. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas technology to create antimicrobials whose spectrum of activity is chosen by design. RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs) targeting specific DNA sequences are delivered efficiently to microbial populations using bacteriophage or bacteria carrying plasmids transmissible by conjugation. The DNA targets of RGNs can be undesirable genes or polymorphisms, including antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Delivery of RGNs significantly improves survival in a Galleria mellonella infection model. We also show that RGNs enable modulation of complex bacterial populations by selective knockdown of targeted strains based on genetic signatures. RGNs constitute a class of highly discriminatory, customizable antimicrobials that enact selective pressure at the DNA level to reduce the prevalence of undesired genes, minimize off-target effects and enable programmable remodeling of microbiota.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (New Innovator Award 1DP2OD008435)National Centers for Systems Biology (U.S.) (Grant 1P50GM098792)United States. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-14-1-0007)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (W911NF13D0001)National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.) (Interdepartmental Biotechnology Training Program 5T32 GM008334)Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec (Master's Training Award
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