This is Not Us/This is Us: Dissensus Politics in the Wake of the Christchurch Terror Attacks

On March 15th, 2019, a terrorist targeted two mosques in Christchurch, resulting in 51 deaths and many more injured. In the wake of these events, the Aotearoa New Zealand community struggled to make sense of what they meant for who “we” are. This article traces developments and tensions within the discourse that emerged in the two weeks following the attacks, identifying three significant framings: discourses of unity, innocence, and responsibility. Analyzing these discourses via Jacques Rancière’s theory of politics, we explore whether this marked a truly political moment wherein “the part that has no part”—the Muslim community of Aotearoa New Zealand—was actually heard

Attachment styles and attachment based change in offenders in a prison therapeutic community

A democratic prison Therapeutic Community (TC) aims to facilitate personal growth through enhanced interpersonal relationships. This study used a four category model of adult attachment to assess TC offenders’ relationships, obtained from a novel selfreport method (a card sorting task). Four styles of attachment were empirically evidenced and an examination of individual attachment styles pre- and post-twelve months of treatment revealed a decrease in insecure attachments and an increase in secure attachment. Burglary/theft/robbery offenders were mainly fearful-avoidant at time one and preoccupied or secure by time two; sexual offenders were mostly preoccupied at time one and hybrid attached by time two; and violent offenders had lower fearful and preoccupied attachments and higher secure attachment rates by time two, but also more dismissive attachments. The findings are encouraging given the role of insecure attachment in the maintenance of offending behaviour and confirm that attachment theory can be usefully applied within this setting

Observations of the chemical and thermal response of ‘ring rain’ on Saturn’s ionosphere

In this study we performed a new analysis of ground-based observations that were taken on 17 April 2011 using the 10-metre Keck telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Emissions from H+3, a major ion in Saturn’s ionosphere, were previously analyzed from these observations, indicating that peaks in emission at specific latitudes were consistent with an influx of charged water products from the rings known as ‘ring rain’. Subsequent modeling showed that these peaks in emission are best explained by an increase in H+3 density, rather than in column-averaged H+3temperatures, as a local reduction in electron density (due to charge exchange with water) lengthens the lifetime of H+ 3. However, what has been missing until now is a direct derivation of the H +3 parameters temperature, density and radiative cooling rates, which are required to confirm and expand on existing models and theory. Here we present measurements of these H+3 parameters for the first time in the non-auroral regions of Saturn, using two H+3 lines, Q(1,0−) and R(2,2). We confirm that H + 3 density is enhanced near the expected ‘ring rain’ planetocentric latitudes near 45◦N and 39◦S. A low H+3 density near 31◦S, an expected prodigious source of water, may indicate that the rings are ‘overflowing’ material into the planet such that H+ 3 destruction by charge-exchange with incoming neutrals outweighs its lengthened lifetime due to the aforementioned reduction in electron density. Derived H+ 3 temperatures were low while the density was high at 39◦S, potentially indicating that the ionosphere is most affected by ring rain in the deep ionosphere. Saturn’s moon Enceladus, a known water source, is connected with a dense region of H+ 3 centered on 62◦S, perhaps indicating that charged water from Enceladus is draining into Saturn’s southern mid-latitudes. We estimated the water product influx using previous modeling results, finding that 432 - 2870 kg s−1 of water delivered to Saturn’s mid-latitudes is sufficient to explain the observed H+ 3 densities. When considering this mechanism alone, Saturn will lose its rings in 292+818 −124 million years

Patient safety and sociotechnical considerations for electronic handover tools in an Australian ehealth landscape

The Australian Commission for Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC) coordinates national improvements in a range of complex health system problems including clinical handover, and has funded a range of handover improvement projects in Australia. One of these, the SafeTECH project in South Australia has developed guidelines for safe use of electronic handover tools. These guidelines were developed using evidence from three hospital case studies into theuse of an electronic tool to support different types of shift-to-shift handover. This paper provides an overview of the project, and highlights challenges for patient safety in the design and use of electronic tools to support clinical handover in a busy clinical environment. The paper then considers these challenges within the broader context of the Australian ehealth landscape. Australia’s National eHealth Transition Authority (NEHTA) is actively developing ehealth standards and infrastructure requirements for the electronic collection and secure exchange of health information. The paper argues for flexible standardisation in the design and implementation of electronic handover tools to ensure that all key dimensions of the challenges faced in ensuring patient safety are addressed

Effect of genotype, medium and light on in vitro plant proliferation of <i>Vaccinium</i> spp.

<p>The aim of this study was to investigate how growing conditions and media enhance blueberry proliferation. The effects of combinations of five <i>Vaccinium</i> spp. genotypes, two growing conditions and four proliferation media on plant growth were investigated. For shoot length and number of shoots, the factor responsible for the majority of the variance was the medium (13% and 22%, respectively). For callus size, the factor that caused the majority of the variation was genotype (22%). The medium that induced the longest shoot was ½MS0.3Z, while the medium that produced the highest number of nodes and the highest number of shoots was ½MS2Z. Genotypes ‘Blue Bayou’ and ‘Centra Blue’ produced an increased amount of callus over time, whereas the ‘unreleased selection’ genotype produced the least amount of callus. The genotype with the highest total plant fresh weight after 90 days was ‘Blue Bayou’ on WPM2Z medium in high light conditions.</p

The H3+ ionosphere of Uranus: decades-long cooling and local-time morphology.

The upper atmosphere of Uranus has been observed to be slowly cooling between 1993 and 2011. New analysis of near-infrared observations of emission from H3+ obtained between 2012 and 2018 reveals that this cooling trend has continued, showing that the upper atmosphere has cooled for 27 years, longer than the length of a nominal season of 21 years. The new observations have offered greater spatial resolution and higher sensitivity than previous ones, enabling the characterization of the H3+ intensity as a function of local time. These profiles peak between 13 and 15 h local time, later than models suggest. The NASA Infrared Telescope Facility iSHELL instrument also provides the detection of a bright H3+ signal on 16 October 2016, rotating into view from the dawn sector. This feature is consistent with an auroral signal, but is the only of its kind present in this comprehensive dataset. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Advances in hydrogen molecular ions: H3+, H5+ and beyond'

Asperger’s syndrome – about time to rename it?

As Editor-in-Chief of Pediatric Research, I was both delighted and fascinated to be asked to moderate the Historic Perspectives session during the 2023 Pediatric Academic Societies’ meeting. I was aghast when I learned about the impact of Naziism on pediatrics in Vienna in the 1930s and 1940s, which had lasting effects. I appreciated, in hindsight, that although I was born after this period in history, what the Nazis had done during the Holocaust had a powerful impact on my family. When we discussed these events, it was incomprehensible that humans could treat other humans in that manner.</p

EChO

A dedicated mission to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres represents a major milestone in our quest to understand our place in the universe by placing our Solar System in context and by addressing the suitability of planets for the presence of life. EChO—the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory—is a mission concept specifically geared for this purpose. EChO will provide simultaneous, multi-wavelength spectroscopic observations on a stable platform that will allow very long exposures. The use of passive cooling, few moving parts and well established technology gives a low-risk and potentially long-lived mission. EChO will build on observations by Hubble, Spitzer and ground-based telescopes, which discovered the first molecules and atoms in exoplanetary atmospheres. However, EChO’s configuration and specifications are designed to study a number of systems in a consistent manner that will eliminate the ambiguities affecting prior observations. EChO will simultaneously observe a broad enough spectral region—from the visible to the mid-infrared—to constrain from one single spectrum the temperature structure of the atmosphere, the abundances of the major carbon and oxygen bearing species, the expected photochemically-produced species and magnetospheric signatures. The spectral range and resolution are tailored to separate bands belonging to up to 30 molecules and retrieve the composition and temperature structure of planetary atmospheres. The target list for EChO includes planets ranging from Jupiter-sized with equilibrium temperatures T ₑq up to 2,000 K, to those of a few Earth masses, with T ₑq 3c 300 K. The list will include planets with no Solar System analog, such as the recently discovered planets GJ1214b, whose density lies between that of terrestrial and gaseous planets, or the rocky-iron planet 55 Cnc e, with day-side temperature close to 3,000 K. As the number of detected exoplanets is growing rapidly each year, and the mass and radius of those detected steadily decreases, the target list will be constantly adjusted to include the most interesting systems. We have baselined a dispersive spectrograph design covering continuously the 0.4–16 μm spectral range in 6 channels (1 in the visible, 5 in the InfraRed), which allows the spectral resolution to be adapted from several tens to several hundreds, depending on the target brightness. The instrument will be mounted behind a 1.5 m class telescope, passively cooled to 50 K, with the instrument structure and optics passively cooled to 3c45 K. EChO will be placed in a grand halo orbit around L2. This orbit, in combination with an optimised thermal shield design, provides a highly stable thermal environment and a high degree of visibility of the sky to observe repeatedly several tens of targets over the year. Both the baseline and alternative designs have been evaluated and no critical items with Technology Readiness Level (TRL) less than 4–5 have been identified. We have also undertaken a first-order cost and development plan analysis and find that EChO is easily compatible with the ESA M-class mission framework