Recommendation Based On Comparative Analysis of Apriori and BW-Mine Algorithm

With The Growth of WWW recommending appropriate and relevant page to the user is a challenging task. In many web Applications, user would like to get recommendation based on their interest of surfing. Web Mining is used to extract relevant information for the user from logs, web content, hyperlinks etc. In this paper we will be using logs to recommend frequent access patterns to the users .This paper aims at using the logs of user ,cleaning logs , identifying users , identifying session , completing sessions from website structure and then using and comparing different recommendation algorithm like Apriori Algorithms and BW-Mine to recommend frequent items to the user. We will also be comparing different recommendations Algorithm with the help of example. The fundamental of finding access patterns with Apriori is that any set that occurs frequently must have its frequent subset. The fundamental of finding access pattern with BW-Mine, it constructs the WB-table, VI-List, and HI-Counter for finding frequent patterns

Advances in utilization of renewable substrates for biosurfactant production

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties which partition preferentially at the interfaces such as liquid/liquid, gas/liquid or solid/liquid interfaces. Such characteristics enable emulsifying, foaming, detergency and dispersing properties. Their low toxicity and environmental friendly nature and the wide range of potential industrial applications in bioremediation, health care, oil and food processing industries makes them a highly sought after group of chemical compounds. Interest in them has also been encouraged because of the potential advantages they offer over their synthetic counterparts in many fields spanning environmental, food, biomedical, petrochemical and other industrial applications. Their large scale production and application however are currently restricted by the high cost of production and by the limited understanding of their interactions with cells and with the abiotic environment. In this paper, we review the current knowledge and latest advances in the search for cost effective renewable agro industrial alternative substrates for their production

Anaesthetic management of a parturient with severe pulmonary stenosis undergoing Caesarean section

We report the successful management of a parturient with severe pulmonary stenosis undergoing Caesarean section. Anaesthesia was managed with combined spinal and epidural anaesthetic technique. During the intraoperative period, haemodynamic parameters were well maintained. There were no episodes of haemodynamic fluctuations or oxygen desaturation. The patient delivered a full-term, normal foetus.Keywords: anaesthesia: obstetric; anaesthetic technique: spinal, epidural; complications, pulmonary stenosis, pregnanc

Aspiration of mediastinal hydatid cyst – A case report

Mediastinal hydatid cyst is very rare and has been only anecdotally reported in the literature. Because of surrounding vital structures, the cyst should be treated without delay, surgery being the mainstay of treatment. Here we report a case of hydatid cyst of the mediastinum which was managed by trans-thoracic aspiration followed by albendazole therapy

Transition Metal Doping in CdS Quantum Dots: Diffusion, Magnetism, and Ultrafast Charge Carrier Dynamics

Transition metal (TM) doping in pristine II-VI semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is known to add several otherwise unavailable properties by introducing midgap states in the host material. Albeit being extensively investigated, the periodicity of the observed properties with respect to the electronic structure has not been attempted so far. In this work, we investigate CdS QDs doped with several different TM ions (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy to study dopant-induced structural perturbations and femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy to study the ultrafast charge carrier dynamics. This provides solid evidence for the origin of magnetization in doped QDs that has been lacking despite extensive studies. Further, we demonstrate that the ionic radius and the dopant oxidation state play crucial roles in determining the dopant-anion bond lengths. Based on the investigation of the relaxation pathways of excited charge carriers using ultrafast TA spectroscopy, we hypothesize that there exists photoinduced switching between multiple oxidation states in some dopants

In vitro comparative evaluation of microleakage of newly introduced Dyad Flow and total and self etch adhesives in class V resin composite restorations

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate marginal sealing ability of newly introduced Dyad Flow flowable composite and compare to total-etch and self-etch adhesive system at the coronal and apical margins of class V resin composite restorations. Material and Methods A standard class V cavity (3 mm mesiodistal width, 3 mm occlusogingival height and 1.5 mm axial depth) was prepared on the buccal surface of freshly extracted sound human teeth. Occlusal and gingival margins of the cavities were located in enamel and cementum/dentin, respectively. Teeth were randomly assigned into the three groups (n=10) and restored with different composite materials following the manufacturer's instructions: group I was restored with nanohybrid resin composite using total-etch bonding agent ; group II was restored with nanohybrid resin composite using self-etch technique; group III was restored with flowable composite (Dyad Flow), respectively. After finishing and polishing, the teeth were coated with nail varnish and immersed in rhodamine B dye and sectioned longitudinally. Dye penetration was examined under stereomicroscope and scored separately for occlusal and gingival margins on a 0-3 ordinal scale. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests (a=0.05). Result Statistical analysis showed that specimens restored with the total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems revealed reduced leakage at the coronal margin. At the apical margin, Dyad Flow showed greater leakage than other groups. Conclusion Newly introduced flowable composite Dyad Flow showed inferior adhesive bond with enamel and dentin compared to total-etch and self-etch techniques

Traditional wisdom confirmed by scientific research: Jatropha species from Mexico is non-toxic

The seeds of _Jatropha platyphylla_, available on the pacific coast from Sinaloa to Michoacán including the Nayarit and Jalisco states in Mexico, are consumed by local communities after roasting them in a manner similar to that used for peanuts. The kernels and kernel meal of _J. platyphylla_ were found to be free of phorbol esters but the kernel meal contained antinutritional factors: trypsin inhibitor, lectins and phytate at levels similar to those in _J. curcas_ kernel meal. However, trypsin inhibitor and lectins are heat labile so this explains why the local people can eat roasted seeds without ill effect. The fatty acid profile of _J. platyphylla_ oil was similar to that of _J. curcas_ and the kernels of both these species contained _ca_ 58% oil. The crude protein content of _J. platyphylla_ kernel meal was 75% against 60% in _J. curcas_, and the amino acid compositions were similar. All the essential amino acids, except lysine, were more abundant than, or comparable to those, in soybean meal or the FAO Reference protein.

	Tilapia and other fish species have been found to be particularly sensitive to Jatropha toxins. For this reason they are useful subjects for bioassays. The heated _J. platyphylla_ kernel meal was included in a standard diet (crude protein 36%) for Nile tilapia (_Oreochromis niloticus_) to replace 50% of the fish meal protein. The fish grew as well as those on a control diet in which none of the fish meal was replaced and those on a diet in which 50% of the fish meal protein was replaced by soybean meal. In all the three groups, blood biochemical parameters that serve as biomarkers for toxicity were within the normal ranges. This study confirmed the non-toxic nature of _J. platyphylla_. 

	The kernels and kernel meal of this species could help alleviate protein and energy deficiency in malnourished children in the lower mountain skirts of pacific coastal areas of Mexico. It could also be used to produce new cultivars with desirable traits using conventional inter species cross breeding and molecular breeding techniques. 
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Emisi Metana dan Fermentasi Rumen in Vitro Ransum Hay yang Mengandung Tanin Murni pada Konsentrasi Rendah

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of addition of purified tannins at low concentration into hay diet on in vitro gas emission and rumen fermentation. Treatments consisted of: P0 (control hay), P1 (hay + 0.5 mg chestnut tannin/ml of incubation medium), P2 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml mimosa tannin), P3 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml quebracho tannin) and P4 (hay + 0.5 mg/ml sumach tannin). Variables measured were gas production kinetics, organic matter digestibility (OMD), methane production, expressed as percent methane in total gas and methane production per unit organic matter digested, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. The results showed that in most cases tannin addition at 0.5 mg/ml decreased significantly (P < 0.05) total and rate of gas production, OMD, total VFA and iso-VFA. Tannin addition also decreased methane production (P < 0.05). Hydrolysable tannins seemed to have better methane reduction effect than condensed tannins. The best tannin to decrease methane was chestnut tannin, which contained hydrolysable tannins. Present research should be shifted from evaluating only the effect of condensed tannins in reducing methane emission towards some potential hydrolysable tannins since the nature and the toxicity of hydrolysable tannins are quite diverse. Key words: methane, tannin, rumen, in vitro, ha

Annual Biomass Production, Chemical Composition and In- sacco Degradability of Different Cultivars of Moringa oleifera

Types of plant cultivars and seasons often affect production and productivity of fodder biomass and nutritional quality to animals. Selection of suitable cultivars and better understanding of year round biomass production are indispensable for improving quality feed supply to animals. Black Seed Moringa (BSM-L) and White Seed Moringa (WSM), the two local cultivars and Black Seed Moringa (BSM-T) cultivar of Thailand origin of Moringa oleifera were cultivated in the fodder research field of the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) during the period of 19 August 2014 to 23 December 2015. An agronomical trial was conducted to determine the biomass yield of the three cultivars in different seasons of a year under common agronomical practices. The effect of the cultivars on the daily relative growth rate (RGR), chemical composition and in-sacco dry matter (DM) degradability were also evaluated. The cultivar response to biomass production performances, chemical composition and nutritional values were analyzed in an ANOVA of a Randomized Block Design (RBD), while the differences in the rate and extent of the DM degradability in-sacco determined using three rumen cannulated bulls were analyzed in an ANOVA of 3x3 Latin Square Design. The annual biomass yield of BSM-L tops (114.5 t/ha fresh; 22.7 t/ha DM) was significantly higher than that of WSM (29.0 t/ha fresh; 5.80 t/ha DM) or BSM-T (83.5 t/ha fresh; 16.0 t/ha DM). No significant difference in chemical composition (224.9, 222.4 & 223.8 g.kg-1 DM of crude protein (CP), respectively, and 450.9, 455.3 & 435.4 g.kg-1 DM of neutral detergent fiber, respectively) or nutritional value (47.4, 46.7 & 45.3% of potential, and 62.8, 64.2 and 63.6% of effective degradability of dry matter) was found for the cultivars. BSM-L had a significantly higher survivability (97.2%), prune number per plant (3.50) and RGR (15.6 mg DM/day) than WSM (25.0%, 2.30 & 4.20 mg DM/day) or BSM-T (55.6%, 3.10 & 10.8 mg DM/day) respectively. The hot and dry, and hot and humid climate having a Heat Index (HI) range of 25o to 35o F and monthly total rainfall of 130 mm to 332 mm were suitable for cultivation of all the Moringa cultivars. It was concluded that considering biomass production and its quality in terms of chemical composition and nutritional values, Black Seed Moringa (Moringa oleifera) may be cultivated as a plant fodder crop for the production of feed for ruminant animals