Tempered Adversarial Networks

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been shown to produce realistic samples from high-dimensional distributions, but training them is considered hard. A possible explanation for training instabilities is the inherent imbalance between the networks: While the discriminator is trained directly on both real and fake samples, the generator only has control over the fake samples it produces since the real data distribution is fixed by the choice of a given dataset. We propose a simple modification that gives the generator control over the real samples which leads to a tempered learning process for both generator and discriminator. The real data distribution passes through a lens before being revealed to the discriminator, balancing the generator and discriminator by gradually revealing more detailed features necessary to produce high-quality results. The proposed module automatically adjusts the learning process to the current strength of the networks, yet is generic and easy to add to any GAN variant. In a number of experiments, we show that this can improve quality, stability and/or convergence speed across a range of different GAN architectures (DCGAN, LSGAN, WGAN-GP).Comment: accepted to ICML 201

The growth and electrical properties of tin oxide crystals

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Conductivity and Shear Viscosity of arcsinarcsin-Yang-Mills AdS Black Brane

In this paper, a non-abelian $arcsin$-Yang-Mills AdS black brane solution is introduced. Then, the color non-abelian direct current (DC) conductivity and shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of this model is calculated by fluid-gravity duality. Our results show that the Kovtun, Son and Starinets (KSS) bound is saturated and is exactly equal to $\frac{1}{4 \pi}$ but the color conductivity bound is violated for this model. Also, our outcomes recover the Yang-Mills AdS black brane when the coupling of Yang-Mills and gravity fields is went to zero.Comment: 9 Pages, no figure, submitted to INJ

Dynamics of a quantum reference frame undergoing selective measurements and coherent interactions

We consider the dynamics of a quantum directional reference frame undergoing repeated interactions. We first describe how a precise sequence of measurement outcomes affects the reference frame, looking at both the case that the measurement record is averaged over and the case wherein it is retained. We find, in particular, that there is interesting dynamics in the latter situation which cannot be revealed by considering the averaged case. We then consider in detail how a sequence of rotationally invariant unitary interactions affects the reference frame, a situation which leads to quite different dynamics than the case of repeated measurements. We then consider strategies for correcting reference frame drift if we are given a set of particles with polarization opposite to the direction of drift. In particular, we find that by implementing a suitably chosen unitary interaction after every two measurements we can eliminate the rotational drift of the reference frame.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Effect of Supination Versus Pronation in the Non-Operative Treatment of Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

Background: Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common elbow injury that requires reduction and immobilization in the proper position to union. There are a few reports regarding the position of the forearm immobilization on elbow cosmetic outcome. Objectives: This study aimed to compare two modes of the forearm, supination and pronation in elbow deformity incidence after closed reduction and casting of this fracture. Patients and Methods: This prospective and descriptive study was carried out on children with supracondylar fracture of the humerus treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization in one of the two modes of either supination or pronation for a period of three weeks. Twenty-nine patients were immobilized in supination and 35 in pronation. Follow-up lasted for 8 months. Re-displacement was defined as the criteria and subsequent deformities of the elbow in patients, were assessed by clinical and radiographic examination. Results: A total of 64 patients, 50 boys and 14 girls, with the mean age of 4.8 years (3.1 to 8.5 years) participated. All fractures were closed and of the extension type. Forty-five cases had Gartland type II and 19 had type III fracture. Deformity of the elbow had occurred in seven cases (10.94%). Four cases of cubitus varus (CA 5 º - 16º) were observed in the supination group, of these, three patients had type III and one other had a type II fracture. In the pronation group, two cases of cubitus varus (CA 6 º - 14º) and one case of cubitus valgus (CA 17º) were observed, with type III initial fracture in all 3 cases. Conclusions: In regard to elbow malunion deformity, no obvious difference was observed between the two methods of supination and pronation in the closed treatment of supracondylar humerus fracture. However, as cubitus varus and valgus had occurred in both groups with unstable type III fractures, to prevent this complication, operative fixation is advised rather than closed reduction and position of the forearm immobilization

Frame-Recurrent Video Super-Resolution

Recent advances in video super-resolution have shown that convolutional neural networks combined with motion compensation are able to merge information from multiple low-resolution (LR) frames to generate high-quality images. Current state-of-the-art methods process a batch of LR frames to generate a single high-resolution (HR) frame and run this scheme in a sliding window fashion over the entire video, effectively treating the problem as a large number of separate multi-frame super-resolution tasks. This approach has two main weaknesses: 1) Each input frame is processed and warped multiple times, increasing the computational cost, and 2) each output frame is estimated independently conditioned on the input frames, limiting the system's ability to produce temporally consistent results. In this work, we propose an end-to-end trainable frame-recurrent video super-resolution framework that uses the previously inferred HR estimate to super-resolve the subsequent frame. This naturally encourages temporally consistent results and reduces the computational cost by warping only one image in each step. Furthermore, due to its recurrent nature, the proposed method has the ability to assimilate a large number of previous frames without increased computational demands. Extensive evaluations and comparisons with previous methods validate the strengths of our approach and demonstrate that the proposed framework is able to significantly outperform the current state of the art.Comment: Accepted at CVPR 201

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as curative therapy for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Increasingly successful application to older patients

AbstractNon-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) constitutes a collection of lymphoproliferative disorders with widely varying biological, histological, and clinical features. For the B cell NHLs, great progress has been made due to the addition of monoclonal antibodies and, more recently, other novel agents including B cell receptor signaling inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, and proteasome inhibitors. Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) offers the promise of cure or prolonged remission in some NHL patients. For some patients, however, auto-HCT may never be a viable option, whereas in others, the disease may progress despite auto-HCT. In those settings, allogeneic HCT (allo-HCT) offers the potential for cure. Over the past 10 to 15 years, considerable progress has been made in the implementation of allo-HCT, such that this approach now is a highly effective therapy for patients up to (and even beyond) age 75 years. Recent advances in conventional lymphoma therapy, peritransplantation supportive care, patient selection, and donor selection (including the use of alternative hematopoietic cell donors), has allowed broader application of allo-HCT to patients with NHL. As a result, an ever-increasing number of NHL patients over age 60 to 65 years stand to benefit from allo-HCT. In this review, we present data in support of the use of allo-HCT for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. These histologies account for a large majority of allo-HCTs performed for patients over age 60 in the United States. Where possible, we highlight available data in older patients. This body of literature strongly supports the concept that allo-HCT should be offered to fit patients well beyond age 65 and, accordingly, that this treatment should be covered by their insurance carriers