Application of one and two-dimensional hydrodynamic models to rio Grande-MG river basin

O presente artigo faz uma análise da calibração do modelo hidrodinâmico uni e bidimensional aplicado à bacia do Rio Grande , na localidade da cidade de Ribeirão Vermelho em Minas Gerais . O software SOBE K foi utilizado para a implementação dos modelos que foram devidamente calibrados. Apresenta-se a discretização utilizada para Representar adequadamente uma ponte rodoferroviária inundável, uma vez que a utilização de uma única estrutura não se revelou suficiente para simular as características de escoamento da forma desejada. Além disso, foram analisados em detalhe os métodos que o software SOBEK possui para transmitir as informações entre os modelos uni e bidimensional. Com o objetivo de aprimorar a modelagem foram utilizados artifícios do software para determinar a partir de qual elevação os modelos 1D e 2D seriam utilizados. Os resultados indicam que a consideração do escoamento bidimensional favorece o desempenho do modelo, visto que proporciona um maior detalhamento na representação da regiãoThis paper analyzes the calibration of a one and two - dimensional hydrodynamic model of Rio Grande - MG river basin, near the city of Ribeirão Vermelho in Minas Gerais. The SOBEK software was used for the implemen tation of the models that was properly calibrated. The discretization to adequately represent flooding over a road - railway bridge is characterized, since the use of a unique structure it was not sufficient to simulate the flow characteristics as desired near the bridge. In addition available software options for sharing of data between one and two - dimensional models are analyzed. In order t o improve the modeling results proper software options were used to determine the water surface elevation to activate the 1D and 2D modules. Results indicate that considerat ion of two - dimensional flow improve the model performance, since it provides a more detailed representation of the flooded are

Ferramenta de Busca para Redação Jornalística

Muitos jornais apresentam dificuldades com o arquivamento das edições impressas. O problema se torna maior, considerando o fato de que este meio de comunicação (mídia impressa) possui uma importância legal e histórica dos fatos e atos que acontecem na localidade onde está situado. Este projeto propõe a implementação de realizar um sistema de armazenamento das edições digitais, preservando a forma com que as mesmas foram impressas. Para auxiliar nas buscas de edições, é utilizado o processo de Mineração de Textos e suas funcionalidades. O projeto propõe ainda um módulo para gerenciar fotografias, além de armazená-las e renomeá-las, pode-se efetuar buscas por meio de palavras-chaves

Identification and analysis of seven effector protein families with different adaptive and evolutionary histories in plant-associated members of the Xanthomonadaceae.

The Xanthomonadaceae family consists of species of non-pathogenic and pathogenic γ-proteobacteria that infect different hosts, including humans and plants. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis using 69 fully sequenced genomes belonging to this family, with a focus on identifying proteins enriched in phytopathogens that could explain the lifestyle and the ability to infect plants. Using a computational approach, we identified seven phytopathogen-enriched protein families putatively secreted by type II secretory system: PheA (CM-sec), LipA/LesA, VirK, and four families involved in N-glycan degradation, NixE, NixF, NixL, and FucA1. In silico and phylogenetic analyses of these protein families revealed they all have orthologs in other phytopathogenic or symbiotic bacteria, and are involved in the modulation and evasion of the immune system. As a proof of concept, we performed a biochemical characterization of LipA from Xac306 and verified that the mutant strain lost most of its lipase and esterase activities and displayed reduced virulence in citrus. Since this study includes closely related organisms with distinct lifestyles and highlights proteins directly related to adaptation inside plant tissues, novel approaches might use these proteins as biotechnological targets for disease control, and contribute to our understanding of the coevolution of plant-associated bacteria

Comparative study of human exposure to mercury in riverside communities in the Amazon region

Four populations in the Amazon area were selected for a comparative study of mercury-exposed and non-exposed populations: São Luiz do Tapajós, Barreiras, Panacauera, and Pindobal Grande. The highest mercury levels in human hair samples were found in São Luiz do Tapajós and Barreiras, greatly exceeding the limits established by the World Health Organization. Panacauera showed an intermediate level below 9 µg/g. This was the first comparative and simultaneous evaluation of mercury exposure in the Amazon area. Also, thanks to this type of monitoring, we were able to eliminate the uncertainties about the reference dose. On the basis of these data, we can conclude that the mercury levels detected in exposed populations of the Tapajós River basin may be dangerous not only because they are above the World Health Organization limits, but also because the simultaneous mercury detection in non-exposed populations with similar characteristics provided a valid control and revealed lower mercury levels. Our results support the importance of continuous monitoring in both exposed and non-exposed populations

CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women.

The current concept of overweight/obesity is most likely related to a combination of increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure. Widespread inflammation, associated with both conditions, appears to contribute to the development of some obesity-related comorbidities. Interventions that directly or indirectly target individuals at high risk of developing obesity have been largely proposed because of the increasing number of overweight/obese cases worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess CXCL16, IL-17, and BMP-2 plasma factors in middle-aged and elderly women and relate them to an overweight or obese status. In total, 117 women were selected and grouped as eutrophic, overweight, and obese, according to anthropometric parameters. Analyses of anthropometric and circulating biochemical parameters were followed by plasma immunoassays for CXCL-16, IL- 17, and BMP-2

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors