Observations on TeV gamma rays from Geminga and PSR 0950+08

The Geminga (2 CG 195+04) which exhibits a periodicity with a period of 59 to 60 s in its emission of X-rays, GeV gamma rays and TeV gamma rays was studied. During the winter of 1984 to 1985, this object was observed to see if it emits TeV gamma rays with a periodicity approx 60 s. The observations were carried out at two different sites separated by 11 Km with the Ooty Atmospheric Cerenkov Array split into two parts. Data were collected during clear moonless nights for a total duration of 15.3 hours spread over 2 months. Since the first time derivative of period is believed to be large and uncertain. The total data are subdivided into segments of duration not more than 3 days each to steer clear of the effects of P in the phase analysis. If TeV gamma ray signals are seen in each of these segments, it is possible to derive P from observed data

Improvements in Refractory Practices in Reheating furnaces in Tisco

The rated capacity of the authors' plant is two million tonnes of ingot all of which are processed through the primary and finishing mills. Various products manufactured in these mills are- blooms, slabs, billets, rails, heavy and light structurals, wheels, tyres, axles, plates, sheets, merchant mill products, etc. In spite of the fact that the plant is more than 70 years old, the finished products produced are over 100% capacity for the past four years

Aerobic capacity and cardio-pulmonary responses to exercise in healthy South Indian children

Objective: To examine the cardiorespiratory response to exercise in healthy South Indian school children. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Cardiopulmo nary Medicine Unit, Tuberculosi s Research Center, Ma dras. Subjects: Data was obtained on 47 girls an d 48 boys in the age group 7 to 14 years. Intervention: The children performed a graded maximal exercise stress test on a compute rized treadmill system. Results: Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) increased significa ntly at 11 years of a ge in both sexes b ut while boys sho wed a progressive increase beyond 11 years, girls did not. When corrected for weight , only boys at 14 years had a significant increase in VO2max/kg. Boys had higher values of VO2max/kg than girls at all ages. Minute venti lation and oxygen pulse values also increased in both sexes at 11 to 12 year s. The VO2max of South Indian children was lower than the predicte d values available for North American children w hen prediction equations based on height were used. However, when regression equations based on weight were used, the predicted values for North American and South Indian boys were similar, though values for the Indian girls were still low. Nutri tional and sociocul tural factors may play a role in determining VO2max of children from different pop ulations, rather than ethnic differences alone. significa ntly at 11 years of a ge in both sexes b ut while boys sho wed a progressive increase beyond 11 years, girls did not. When corrected for weight , only boys at 14 years had a significant increase in VO2max/kg. Boys had higher values of VO2max/kg than girls at all ages. Minute venti lation and oxygen pulse values also increased in both sexes at 11 to 12 year s. The VO2max of South Indian children was lower than the predicte d values available for North American children w hen prediction equations based on height were used. However, when regression equations based on weight were used, the predicted values for North American and South Indian boys were similar, though values for the Indian girls were still low. Conclusions: Nutri tional and sociocul tural factors may play a role in determining VO2max of children from different populations, rather than ethnic differences alone

Reduced Exercise Capacity in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

Objective : Bronchiectasis not due to cystic fibrosis is usually a consequence of severe bacterial or tuberculous infection of the lungs, which is commonly seen in children in developing countries. Our aim was to study its functional sequelae and affect on work capacity in children. Methods : Seventeen children (7-17 years of age) with clinical and radiological evidence of bronchiectasis of one or both lungs were studied at the Cardiopulmonaly Unit of the Tuberculosis Research Centre. Pulmonary function tests including spirometry and lung volume measurements were performed. Incremental exercise stress test was done on a treadmill, and ventilatory and cardiac parameters we monitored. Control values were taken from a previous study. Results : Children with bronchiectasis had lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (1.1 + 0.4 L versus 1.5 + 0.4 L, p=0.003) and FEV1 (0.95 ± 0.2 L versus 1.4 ± 0.3 L, p<0.002) compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The patient group had significantly higher residual lung volumes (0.7 ± 0.3 L versus 0.4 + 0.1 L, p<0.02). At maximal exercise, they had lower aerobic capacity (28 ± 6 ml/min/kg versus 38 5 ml/min/kg, p<0.0001) and maximal ventilation (24 ± 8 L/min versus 39 ± 10 L/min, p<0.001). At maximal exercise, while none of the controls desaturated, oxygen saturation fell below 88% in eight of 17 patients. conclusion ;The findings show that children and adolescents with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis have abnormal pulmonary function and reduced exercise capacity. This is likely to interfere with their lie as well as future work capacity. Efforts should be made to minimize lung damage in childhood by ensuring early diagnosis and instituting appropriate treatment of respiratory infections

Development and use of high alumina plastic in reheating furnaces of Tisco

New a days plastic refractories are gaining wide popularity in Steel Plants and other industries due to certain advantages in application. They have got the advantageous property of deformability without rupture and retentivity of deformed shape after release of stress. They are monolithics prepared in stiff plastic condition of proper workability for use without further preparation. They are mixtures of graded refractory aggregate and a plastic fraction with or without plasticizers. Their application is easy and time saving. They can be applied in intricate positions locally without disturbing the rest of the lining and can be moulded to any shape in situ, thus eliminating the requirement of special refractory shapes

Quantization error in stereo imaging systems

In this paper a stochastic analysis of the quantization error in a stereo imaging system has been presented. Further the probability density function of the range estimation error and the expected value of the range error magnitude are derived in terms of various design parameters. Further the relative range error is proposed

Study on failure mechanism of alumino silicate refractories in the roofs of reheating furnaces

In reheating furnaces, conventional arch type roof has been replaced by suspended roof design. Various types of roof designs are in practice using different types of alumino-silicate refractories depending on furnace capa-city and operational parameters

Cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in pulmonary tuberculosis

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has been used to study the immunopathogenesis of several respiratory diseases. The aim of our study was to determine the inflammatory changes occurring at the site of a tuberculous lesion in the lung in children