Star formation in W3 - AFGL333: Young stellar content, properties and roles of external feedback

One of the key questions in the field of star formation is the role of stellar feedback on subsequent star formation process. The W3 giant molecular cloud complex at the western border of the W4 super bubble is thought to be influenced by the stellar winds of the massive stars in W4. AFGL333 is a ~10^4 Msun cloud within W3. This paper presents a study of the star formation activity within AFGL333 using deep JHKs photometry obtained from the NOAO Extremely Wide-Field Infrared Imager combined with Spitzer-IRAC-MIPS photometry. Based on the infrared excess, we identify 812 candidate young stellar objects in the complex, of which 99 are classified as Class I and 713 are classified as Class II sources. The stellar density analysis of young stellar objects reveals three major stellar aggregates within AFGL333, named here AFGL333-main, AFGL333-NW1 and AFGL333-NW2. The disk fraction within AFGL333 is estimated to be ~50-60%. We use the extinction map made from the H-Ks colors of the background stars to understand the cloud structure and to estimate the cloud mass. The CO-derived extinction map corroborates the cloud structure and mass estimates from NIR color method. From the stellar mass and cloud mass associated with AFGL333, we infer that the region is currently forming stars with an efficiency of ~4.5% and at a rate of ~2 - 3 Msun Myr-1pc-2. In general, the star formation activity within AFGL333 is comparable to that of nearby low mass star-forming regions. We do not find any strong evidence to suggest that the stellar feedback from the massive stars of nearby W4 super bubble has affected the global star formation properties of the AFGL333 region.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in Ap

Penerapan Metode Pencatatan dan Penilaian Atas Persediaan Bahan Baku pada Dolphin Donuts Bakery Manado

Inventories are assets that are held for sale in the normal course of business or goods that are used or consumed in production to be sold. For companies, inventory is a very important asset because with the company's inventory can maintain it's survival. The problem that often occurs in inventory accounting is recording and valuation. The purpose of this research is determine the suitability of the application of recording and valuation or raw material inventories at Dolphin Donuts Bakery Manado with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards for Entities without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP). Dolphin Donuts Bakery Manado is a company engaged in the food industry that produces a variety of breads, pastries, donuts and birthday cakes. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Based on research results obtained that method of recording inventories is not all in accordance with SAK ETAP. Whereas the valuation of raw material inventories applied by Dolphin Donuts Bakery Manado is in accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards for Entities without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP) Chapter 11 Regarding Inventories

Young stellar population and ongoing star formation in the HII complex Sh2-252

In this paper an extensive survey of the star forming complex Sh2-252 has been undertaken with an aim to explore its hidden young stellar population as well as to understand the structure and star formation history. This complex is composed of five embedded clusters associated with the sub-regions A, C, E, NGC 2175s and Teu 136. Using 2MASS-NIR and Spitzer-IRAC, MIPS photometry we identified 577 young stellar objects (YSOs), of which, 163 are Class I, 400 are Class II and 14 are transition disk YSOs. Spatial distribution of the candidate YSOs shows that they are mostly clustered around the sub-regions in the western half of the complex, suggesting enhanced star formation activity towards its west. Using the spectral energy distribution and optical colour-magnitude diagram based age analyses, we derived probable evolutionary status of the sub-regions of Sh2-252. Our analysis shows that the region A is the youngest (~ 0.5 Myr), the regions B, C and E are of similar evolutionary stage (~ 1-2 Myr) and the clusters NGC 2175s and Teu 136 are slightly evolved (~ 2-3 Myr). Morphology of the region in the 1.1 mm map shows a semi-circular shaped molecular shell composed of several clumps and YSOs bordering the western ionization front of Sh2-252. Our analyses suggest that next generation star formation is currently under way along this border and that possibly fragmentation of the matter collected during the expansion of the HII region as one of the major processes responsible for such stars. We observed the densest concentration of YSOs (mostly Class I, ~ 0.5 Myr) at the western outskirts of the complex, within a molecular clump associated with water and methanol masers and we suggest that it is indeed a site of cluster formation at a very early evolutionary stage, sandwiched between the two relatively evolved CHII regions A and B.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRA

Counterfactual Probing for the Influence of Affect and Specificity on Intergroup Bias

While existing work on studying bias in NLP focues on negative or pejorative language use, Govindarajan et al. (2023) offer a revised framing of bias in terms of intergroup social context, and its effects on language behavior. In this paper, we investigate if two pragmatic features (specificity and affect) systematically vary in different intergroup contexts -- thus connecting this new framing of bias to language output. Preliminary analysis finds modest correlations between specificity and affect of tweets with supervised intergroup relationship (IGR) labels. Counterfactual probing further reveals that while neural models finetuned for predicting IGR labels reliably use affect in classification, the model's usage of specificity is inconclusive. Code and data can be found at: https://github.com/venkatasg/intergroup-probingComment: To appear in Findings of ACL 202

Analisis Pajak Restoran Dalam Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Di Masa Pandemi di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe: Restaurant Tax Analysis in Increasing Regional Original Income During the Pandemic Period in Sangihe Islands Regency

NANDA IJWANSYAH BARIJAH, Analisis Pajak Restoran Dalam Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Di Masa Pandemi Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe (Di bawah bimbingan Jessy D.L Warongan dan Syermi S. E. Mintalangi) Berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 3 Tahun 2010, Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe berupaya untuk meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah melalui pemungutan pajak restoran sekalipun di tengah pandemi COVID 19. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pemungutan pajak restoran dalam peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah di masa pandemi pada Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian inimenunjukan, tata cara pemungutan, penerbitan, pengisian dan penyampaian SKPD, atau dokumen lain yang dipersamakan, SPTPD, SKPDKB, dan SKPDKBT, pembayaran dan penagihan pajak yang terutang, pengajuan keberatan dan permohonan banding, pembetulan, pembatalan, pengurangan ketetapan, penghapusan atau pengurangan sanksi administratif, penghapusan piutang pajak restoran yang sudah kedaluwarsa untuk pajak restoran di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe telah sesuai dengan tata cara pemungutan yang ada sebagaimana tercantum dalam PERDA No 3 Tahun 2010 tentang Pajak Daerah. Pandemi Covid 19 berdampak sangat besar terhadap penerimaan pajak restoran di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, diantaranya penerimaan pajak restoran yang menurun drastisdan ada beberapa restoran yang tutup. Kata Kunci : Pajak Restoran, PAD, Masa Pandem

How people talk about each other: Modeling Generalized Intergroup Bias and Emotion

Current studies of bias in NLP rely mainly on identifying (unwanted or negative) bias towards a specific demographic group. While this has led to progress recognizing and mitigating negative bias, and having a clear notion of the targeted group is necessary, it is not always practical. In this work we extrapolate to a broader notion of bias, rooted in social science and psychology literature. We move towards predicting interpersonal group relationship (IGR) - modeling the relationship between the speaker and the target in an utterance - using fine-grained interpersonal emotions as an anchor. We build and release a dataset of English tweets by US Congress members annotated for interpersonal emotion -- the first of its kind, and 'found supervision' for IGR labels; our analyses show that subtle emotional signals are indicative of different biases. While humans can perform better than chance at identifying IGR given an utterance, we show that neural models perform much better; furthermore, a shared encoding between IGR and interpersonal perceived emotion enabled performance gains in both tasks. Data and code for this paper are available at https://github.com/venkatasg/interpersonal-biasComment: To be presented at EACL 202

Probing the Physics of Narrow Line Regions in Active Galaxies II: The Siding Spring Southern Seyfert Spectroscopic Snapshot Survey (S7)

Here we describe the \emph{Siding Spring Southern Seyfert Spectroscopic Snapshot Survey} (S7) and present results on 64 galaxies drawn from the first data release. The S7 uses the Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS) mounted on the ANU 2.3m telescope located at the Siding Spring Observatory to deliver an integral field of $38\times25$~ arcsec at a spectral resolution of $R=7000$ in the red ($530-710$nm), and $R=3000$ in the blue ($340-560$nm). {From these data cubes we have extracted the Narrow Line Region (NLR) spectra from a 4 arc sec aperture centred on the nucleus. We also determine the H$\beta$ and [OIII]~$\lambda$5007 fluxes in the narrow lines, the nuclear reddening, the reddening-corrected relative intensities of the observed emission lines, and the H$\beta$ and \lOIII\ luminosities {determined from spectra for which the stellar continuum has been removed.} We present a set of images of the galaxies in [OIII]~$\lambda$5007, [NII]~$\lambda$6584 and H$\alpha$ which serve to delineate the spatial extent of the extended narrow line region (ENLR) and {\bf also to} reveal the structure and morphology of the surrounding \HII\ regions. Finally, we provide a preliminary discussion of those Seyfert~1 and Seyfert~2 galaxies which display coronal emission lines in order to explore the origin of these lines.Comment: Accepted for publication 9 Jan 2015, Astrophysical Journal Supplements. 49pages, 8 figure