The Comparison of Sound Level of Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia

In facing of financial integration in the ASEAN Economic community (AEC) by 2020, Islamic banks in Indonesia must have a high level of continuity of operations to ensure business continuity and increase assets rapidly in order to boost market share of Islamic banking in Indonesia. This study was conducted to analyze the soundness comparison of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia in order to measure the readiness of Islamic banks in both countries. The study uses data of annual financial statements of 10 Islamic banks in Indonesia and 10 Islamic banks in Malaysia in 2012–2014. The results of this study indicate that Islamic banks in Malaysia are relatively better prepared compared to Islamic banks in Indonesia. Islamic banks in Malaysia have more derivative and liquidity instruments, accomodating regulation from the government, low level of non-performing financing (NPF) and the high public attention makes Islamic banks in Malaysia potentially better to compete on the era of financial integration in the AEC in 2020. In contrast, Islamic banks in Malaysia tend to be more sound than the Islamic banks in Indonesia during the period of 2012–2014.     Keywords: capital, assets quality, management, profitability, liquidity, sensitivity of risk

Pengukuran Tingkat Kesehatan dan Gejala Financial Distress Bank Umum Syariah

: Measurement of Financial Soundness and Financial Distress Symptom of Commercial Bank. This study aims to measure, analyze and compare the level of Islamic Banks (BUS) soundness using the CAMELS and the Multiple ECR method. The results of the CAMEL analysis show that the three Islamic banks studied are healthy. However, the results of the MDA analysis suggest that those three banks are categorized bankrupt. This conflicting finding indicates that MDA method is not appropriate to assess commercial banks. This is because the natures of commercial bank as a financial intermediary are much different from those of the company

Liquidity and Capital of Islamic Banks in Indonesia

This study is aimed to analyzed the factors that affect the liquidity and capital of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The method is used multiple linear regression. This result shows that the main problem of Islamic banks in Indonesia is how to increase equity in line with increasing third party fund. Another problem is that Islamic bank face difficulties to find debt for solving liquidity problem due to lack of instruments for liquidity derivative. Therefore Islamic banks rely on third party funds, which are high cost of funds due to time deposit fund, rather than using current deposit and saving deposit fund. Another result, negative coefficient of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to Quick Ratio (QR) indicate that if macroeconomics of Indonesia is stable and good environment, Islamic banks will expansive the market, meanwhile Islamic banks have now low level of liquidity buffer. This means Islamic banks face high level of risk, if core depositors withdraw money rushly it became defaultDOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i1.440

Total Factor Productivity and Efficiency Analysis on Islamic Banks in Indonesia

The aims of this study are to measure productivity and efficiency, to analyze factors which affect the level of efficiency and to analyze correlation between productivity and efficiency of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The objects of this study are 11 (eleven) Islamic Banks (BUS) in Indonesia which are analyzed from the second quarter of 2010 to the third quarter of 2015. The result shows only six of the eleven banks that have a good productivity levels, otherwise for efficiency there are only three banks that efficient enough. Furthermore, the relationship between productivity and efficiency levels that are categorized into 4 (four) quadrants. In quadrant I, three banks have high productivity and efficiency namely Syariah Mandiri, Panin Syariah and Victoria Syariah; quadrant IV two banks in low level of productivity and efficiency namely Mega Syariah and Bukopin Syariah. While the quadrant II namely BCA Syariah, BRI syariah and Muamalat and quadrant III namely BJB Syariah, BNI Syariah and Maybank Syariah required further research to determine the factors that affect the productivity and efficiency relationships that occur

The challenges of long-delayed prosecutions in fighting impunity in Bangladesh

This article focuses on the challenges of ‘long-delayed’ prosecutions, that is, criminal prosecutions that begin decades after the conflict, using the experience of the International Criminal Tribunal for Bangladesh (ICT-BD) as a case study. This issue is still an insufficiently discussed topic even though such prosecutions are likely to become more common in the future. The focus of this article is mainly on the legal and broader, transitional justice challenges of long-delayed prosecutions at the ICT-BD. The article examines how such prosecutions have had a contradictory, twofold effect: on the one hand, they have partially broken the endemic culture of impunity that was allowed to prevail for decades in Bangladesh. On the other hand, however, they have been highly controversial and may have served to deepen alienation of the Islamist opposition in Bangladesh. The article concludes that the question of whether long-delayed prosecutions are desirable for a particular society remains highly context-dependent and, in some cases, mechanisms other than criminal trials may be better suited to dealing with the past

The Challenges of Long-Delayed Prosecutions in Fighting Impunity in Bangladesh

This article focuses on the challenges of ‘long-delayed’ prosecutions, that is, criminal prosecutions that begin decades after the conflict, using the experience of the International Criminal Tribunal for Bangladesh (ICT-BD) as a case study. This issue is still an insufficiently discussed topic even though such prosecutions are likely to become more common in the future. The focus of this article is mainly on the legal and broader, transitional justice challenges of long-delayed prosecutions at the ICT-BD. The article examines how such prosecutions have had a contradictory, twofold effect: on the one hand, they have partially broken the endemic culture of impunity that was allowed to prevail for decades in Bangladesh. On the other hand, however, they have been highly controversial and may have served to deepen alienation of the Islamist opposition in Bangladesh. The article concludes that the question of whether long-delayed prosecutions are desirable for a particular society remains highly context-dependent and, in some cases, mechanisms other than criminal trials may be better suited to dealing with the past

Adenosine pharmacologic stress myocardial perfusion tomographic imaging in patients with significant aortic stenosis Diagnostic efficacy and comparison of clinical, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic variables with 100 age-matched control subjects

AbstractObjectives. This study assessed the safety and diagnostic accuracy of adenosine stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy for the detection of coronary artery disease using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with significant aortic stenosis.Background. Exercise cardiac stress testing in patients with significant aortic stenosis is generally avoided because of concerns for safety. In addition, those studies that have analyzed the utility of exercise testing both with and without myocardial thallium-201 scintigraphy for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease have yielded low specificity. Currently, no safe and accurate means exists to noninvasively assess the presence, extent and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with significant aortic stenosis.Methods. The study included 35 patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis (mean [±SD] aortic valve area 0.84 ± 0.16 cm2, range 0.5 to 1.2; mean maximal instantaneous aortic valve gradient 44.4 ± 15.9 mm Hg, range 20 to 84). All patients underwent a 6-min adenosine infusion (140 μg/kg body weight per min) protocol and either separate acquisition rest thallium-201/stress technetium-99m sestamibi or stress and 4-h redistribution thallium-201 SPECT. Visual 20-segment SPECT analysis used a standard five-point scoring system from 0 (normal tracer uptake) to 4 (absent uptake). The SPECT results were considered abnormal if more than two segments had a stress score ≥2. Hemodynamic, electrocardiographic and clinical responses were compared with those in a reference group of 100 consecutive age-matched patients undergoing adenosine SPECT who did not have aortic stenosis.Results. Hemodynamic responses during adenosine stress testing between the study and control patients demonstrated no significant difference in the net change in systolic blood pressure (18% of baseline vs. 14%, patients with aortic stenosis vs. control subjects), heart rate (21% vs. 19%), rate-pressure product (0% vs. 2%) or incidence of chest pain (23% vs. 35%) or transient second- (9% vs. 9%) or third-degree atrioventricular block (3% vs. 1%). In the 20 patients who had coronary angiography, sensitivity for detection of coronary artery disease was 92% (12 of 13) and specificity was 71% (5 of 7).Conclusions. In this preliminary study, adenosine was found to be well tolerated and diagnostically accurate in patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis

Ductility Enhancement of Sustainable Fibrous-Reinforced High-Strength Lightweight Concrete

To limit the cross-sectional size of concrete structures, high-strength, lightweight concrete is preferred for the design and construction of structural elements. However, the main drawback of high-strength, lightweight concrete is its brittleness over normal-weight concrete. The ductility of concrete is a crucial factor, which plays an important role when the concrete structures are subjected to extreme situations, such as earthquakes and wind. This study aims to improve the ductility of high-strength, lightweight concrete by incorporating steel fibers. The palm oil clinker (POC)-based, high-strength, lightweight concrete specimens reinforced with steel fibers were prepared and their ductility was systematically examined. POC was used as aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials. Steel fibers from 0–1.50% (by volume), with an increment of 0.5%, were used in the concrete mix. Compression ductility, displacement ductility and energy ductility were used as indicators to evaluate the enhancement of ductility. Moreover, the compressive strength, flexural strength, strain–strain behavior, modulus of elasticity, load-displacement characteristics, energy absorption capacity and deformability of the concrete samples were investigated. The compression ductility, displacement ductility and energy ductility indexes were found to be increased by up to 472%, 140% and 568% compared to the control specimens (concrete with 0% steel fibers), respectively. Moreover, the deformability and energy absorption capacity of the concrete were increased by up to 566% and 125%, respectively. Therefore, POC-based, high-strength, fibrous, lightweight concrete could perform better than conventional concrete under extreme loading conditions as it showed significantly higher ductility