2,076 research outputs found
The inferior caval vein draining into the left atrial cavity : a rare case
The inferior vena cava (IVC) draining into the left atrium (LA) is exceedingly rare in the setting of the usual atrial arrangement (situs solitus). This article describes a patient with this unique anomaly, and its repair.peer-reviewe
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Bladder perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm: The importance of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of an unusual neoplasm.
Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms represent a group of uncommon mesenchymal tumours with as yet undiscovered benign counterpart. Although perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms have been described arising in most organ systems as well as in soft tissue and bone, only a small number of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms have been reported in the bladder. To date, there is no agreed system for predicting the behaviour of these tumours. We describe a case of a perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm of the bladder arising in a 57-year-old male and initially diagnosed on biopsy and present a review of the literature focussing on the pathological differential diagnosis and the importance of key histological features in conjunction with a broad immunohistochemical panel. This case report highlights the key features of bladder perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms that distinguishes these rare neoplasms from other bladder lesions
Multi-user video streaming using unequal error protection network coding in wireless networks
In this paper, we investigate a multi-user video streaming system applying unequal error protection (UEP) network coding (NC) for simultaneous real-time exchange of scalable video streams among multiple users. We focus on a simple wireless scenario where users exchange encoded data packets over a common central network node (e.g., a base station or an access point) that aims to capture the fundamental system behaviour. Our goal is to present analytical tools that provide both the decoding probability analysis and the expected delay guarantees for different importance layers of scalable video streams. Using the proposed tools, we offer a simple framework for design and analysis of UEP NC based multi-user video streaming systems and provide examples of system design for video conferencing scenario in broadband wireless cellular networks
Cathelicidin suppresses lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis by inhibition of the CD36 receptor.
Background and objectivesObesity is a global epidemic which increases the risk of the metabolic syndrome. Cathelicidin (LL-37 and mCRAMP) is an antimicrobial peptide with an unknown role in obesity. We hypothesize that cathelicidin expression correlates with obesity and modulates fat mass and hepatic steatosis.Materials and methodsMale C57BL/6âJ mice were fed a high-fat diet. Streptozotocin was injected into mice to induce diabetes. Experimental groups were injected with cathelicidin and CD36 overexpressing lentiviruses. Human mesenteric fat adipocytes, mouse 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes and human HepG2 hepatocytes were used in the in vitro experiments. Cathelicidin levels in non-diabetic, prediabetic and type II diabetic patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsLentiviral cathelicidin overexpression reduced hepatic steatosis and decreased the fat mass of high-fat diet-treated diabetic mice. Cathelicidin overexpression reduced mesenteric fat and hepatic fatty acid translocase (CD36) expression that was reversed by lentiviral CD36 overexpression. Exposure of adipocytes and hepatocytes to cathelicidin significantly inhibited CD36 expression and reduced lipid accumulation. Serum cathelicidin protein levels were significantly increased in non-diabetic and prediabetic patients with obesity, compared with non-diabetic patients with normal body mass index (BMI) values. Prediabetic patients had lower serum cathelicidin protein levels than non-diabetic subjects.ConclusionsCathelicidin inhibits the CD36 fat receptor and lipid accumulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes, leading to a reduction of fat mass and hepatic steatosis in vivo. Circulating cathelicidin levels are associated with increased BMI. Our results demonstrate that cathelicidin modulates the development of obesity
Perturbation theory for nearly integrable multi-component nonlinear PDEs
The Riemann-Hilbert problem associated with the integrable PDE is used as a
nonlinear transformation of the nearly integrable PDE to the spectral space.
The temporal evolution of the spectral data is derived with account for
arbitrary perturbations and is given in the form of exact equations, which
generate the sequence of approximate ODEs in successive orders with respect to
the perturbation. For vector nearly integrable PDEs, embracing the vector NLS
and complex modified KdV equations, the main result is formulated in a theorem.
For a single vector soliton the evolution equations for the soliton parameters
and first-order radiation are given in explicit formComment: Submitted to Journal of Mathematical Physics (References are
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Revisiting the Color-Color Selection: Submillimeter and AGN Properties of NUV-r-J Selected Quiescent Galaxies
We examine the robustness of the color-color selection of quiescent galaxies
(QGs) against contamination of dusty star-forming galaxies using the latest
submillimeter data. We selected 18,304 QG candidates out to 3 using the
commonly adopted selection based on the high-quality multi-wavelength
COSMOS2015 catalog. Using extremely deep 450 and 850 m catalogs from the
latest JCMT SCUBA-2 Large Programs, S2COSMOS, and STUDIES, as well as ALMA
submillimeter, VLA 3 GHz, and MIPS 24 m catalogs, we identified
luminous dusty star-forming galaxies among the QG candidates. We also conducted
stacking analyses in the SCUBA-2 450 and 850 m images to look for
less-luminous dusty galaxies among the QG candidates. By cross-matching to the
24 m and 3 GHz data, we were able to identify a sub-group of
"IR-radio-bright" QGs who possess a strong 450 and 850 m stacking signal.
The potential contamination of these luminous and less-luminous dusty galaxies
accounts for approximately 10% of the color-selected QG candidates. In
addition, there exists a spatial correlation between the luminous star-forming
galaxies and the QGs at a kpc scale. Finally, we found a high QG
fraction among radio AGNs at 1.5. Our data show a strong correlation
between QGs and radio AGNs, which may suggest a connection between the
quenching process and the radio-mode AGN feedback.Comment: This paper is accepted for publication on Ap
Evaluating the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology GuidelineâRecommended and Contemporary Pretest Probability Models in a Mixed Asian Cohort: The Contribution of Coronary Artery Calcium
BACKGROUND: Most pretest probability (PTP) tools for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) were Western -developed. The most appropriate PTP models and the contribution of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in Asian populations remain unknown. In a mixed Asian cohort, we compare 5 PTP models: local assessment of the heart (LAH), CAD Consortium (CAD2), risk factor-weighted clinical likelihood, the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology and the European Society of Cardiology PTP and 3 extended versions of these models that incorporated CACS: LAH (CACS), CAD2 (CACS), and the CACS-clinical likelihood. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study cohort included 771 patients referred for stable chest pain. Obstructive CAD prevalence was 27.5%. Calibration, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) and net reclassification index were evaluated. LAH clinical had the best calibration (Ď 2 5.8; P=0.12). For CACS models, LAH (CACS) showed least deviation between observed and expected cases (Ď 2 37.5; P<0.001). There was no difference in AUCs between the LAH clinical (AUC, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.69-0.77]), CAD2 clinical (AUC, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.68-0.76]), risk factor-weighted clinical likelihood (AUC, 0.73 [95% CI: 0.69-0.76) and European Society of Cardiology PTP (AUC, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.67-0.75]). CACS improved discrimination and reclassification of the LAH (CACS) (AUC, 0.88; net reclassification index, 0.46), CAD2 (CACS) (AUC, 0.87; net reclassification index, 0.29) and CACS-CL (AUC, 0.87; net reclassification index, 0.25). CONCLUSIONS: In a mixed Asian cohort, Asian-derived LAH models had similar discriminatory performance but better calibration and risk categorization for clinically relevant PTP cutoffs. Incorporating CACS improved discrimination and reclassification. These results support the use of population-matched, CACS-inclusive PTP tools for the prediction of obstructive CAD.</p
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