Effect of hyperglycemia on serum uric acid levels - A real world comparative study

Objective: - To determine the relationship between hyperglycaemia and uric acid levels. Material and methods:- Patients, with known diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance/newly detected patients of diabetes treated on OPD basis or in patients admitted in B.T.G.H over a period of 1yr from April 2017 to March 2018.Study design: - randomized, comparative, cross-sectional. Result: - 19 cases of type 2 DM had hypouricemia while 6 in controls .7 cases of IGT had hyperuricemia, 6 controls had hyperuricemia and none in patients with type 2 DM.Conclusion:- Serum uric acid concentration is slightly reduced in patients with type 2 DM. Serum uric acid concentration is increased in patients with IG

Effect of hyperglycemia on serum uric acid levels - A real world comparative study

Objective: - To determine the relationship between hyperglycaemia and uric acid levels. Material and methods:- Patients, with known diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance/newly detected patients of diabetes treated on OPD basis or in patients admitted in B.T.G.H over a period of 1yr from April 2017 to March 2018.Study design: - randomized, comparative, cross-sectional. Result: - 19 cases of type 2 DM had hypouricemia while 6 in controls .7 cases of IGT had hyperuricemia, 6 controls had hyperuricemia and none in patients with type 2 DM.Conclusion:- Serum uric acid concentration is slightly reduced in patients with type 2 DM. Serum uric acid concentration is increased in patients with IG

Thermo-tolerance characterization and bioassay of selected entomopathogenic fungal (EPF) isolates on larva of Spodoptera litura Fab.

Entomopathogenic fungi viz. Metarizhium anisoplae and Beauveria bassiana are well characterized in respect to pathogenicity to several insects and have been used for biological control of agriculture pests worldwide. Despite their potential, several factors like low resistance to elevated temperature have hindered widespread adoption of fungi as part of biological control regimes. In this study, five isolates of B. bassiana (Bb 01, Bb 02, Bb 03, Bb 04 and Bb 05) and two isolates of M. anisoplae (Ma 01 and Ma 02) were evaluated for thermotolerance capacity and bioefficacy against third instar of Spodoptera litura. Among the isolates studied, Bb 04 recorded the higher temperature tolerance up to 34oC with mean spore germination of 35.00 percent and mean dry mycelial weight of 443.38 mg. Further, in the bioassay studies, Bb 04 caused significantly (@ P<0.01%) higher percent mortality of S. litura larva at 1×108 spores ml-1 on fifth day (80.00 %) with LT50 value of 4.08 days and LC50 value of 2.07×104 conidia ml-1 at five days. Investigation results indicated that BB 04 is a suitable EPF isolate for management of S. litura where higher temperature prevails. &nbsp

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith): incidence, host range and its management

The invasive fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) was reported for the first time on maize causing severe damage in Karnataka, India during May 2018. Thereafter, the pest has spread to most states of India and now reported from many south Asian countries. The biology under laboratory condition showed that the fecundity was 1064 eggs. Incubation, total larval and pupal period were observed from 2-3, 14-19 and 9- 12 days, respectively. The larval population varied during different growth stages of the crop on maize in Shivamogga and Davanagere districts during Kharif and Rabi seasons. Heavy population buildup of S. frugiperda in Karnataka on sorghum was recorded in Kalaburgi, Raichur, Koppal and Shivamogga districts in November and December months. The damage on maize during July 2018 to February 2019 varied between 20.0 to 80.0 per cent. The management practices like installation of pheromone traps, removal of eggs and use of two rounds of insecticides (Chlorantraniliprole, spinetoram and emamectin benzoate) were found to be effective in reducing the larval population and recorded higher yield. Efficacy of various aspects on S. frugiperda is discussed in this paper

A Cross Sectional Study of Expression of Cytokeratin 19 in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Association with Prognostic Factors

Introduction: Thyroid malignancies are the most common endocrine malignancy. The most common malignancy in thyroid is papillary thyroid carcinoma. About 80% of all thyroid cancers are papillary carcinoma thyroid. Papillary carcinoma typically arises as an irregular, solid or cystic mass that comes from otherwise normal thyroid tissue. Papillary carcinoma has a high cure rate with 10-year survival rates for all patients with papillary carcinoma thyroid estimated at 80% to 90%.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2020. The cases included for the study were histopathologically proven cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma and its variants from thyroidectomy specimens received in Histopathology Department. Cases without proper data were excluded. It was a record-based study. Sample size =108. We took 160 samples for the study. Results: Of the total 160 cases of PTC, lymph node metastasis was noted in 38 cases that constituted 23.8 %, of which 2 cases was follicular variant of PTC and all others were classic variant of PTC. Out of 160 cases of PTC, 158 cases (98.8 %) showed 3+ or 4+ cytoplasmic and membranous positivity for CK19 and only 2 case showed a negative expression. 10 out of 24 cases of follicular variant showed a 3+ positivity, whereas columnar cell variant, tall cell variant and Warthin like variant showed 4+ positivity. Conclusion: Through this study it is concluded that, both CK-19 and CD56 can be used together as markers for PTC including all its variants but CK-19 cannot be used to assess the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma as no association was identified in the study between the expression of CK-19 and prognostic factors

Not Available

Not AvailableStudies on the bioefficacy of dinotefuran 20 per cent SG was carried out against Bt cotton sucking pests at 15, 20, 25 and 30 g a.i/ha as compared with standard check viz., imidacloprid 17.8 SL and thiamethoxam 25 WG. Effect of treatments at 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after application differed significantly over untreated control and standard checks. At 3 days after treatment, dinotefuran 20 per cent SG @ 30 g a.i/ha performed significantly superior by recording lowest population of 1.47, 4.72, 9.10 and 0.30 leafhopper, thrips, aphids and whitefly/leaf, respectively. As the observation period progressed the pest populations though started building up, the test compound kept the sucking pest population below ETL up to 14 days. This trend was followed same in second spray also. The chemical dinotefuran 20 per cent SG @ 30 and 25 g a.i/ha dosages did not cause adverse effect on predatory population and recorded highest yield of 27.04 and 24.33 q/ha, respectively.Not Availabl

Studies on Reproductive Biology of Yellow Stem Borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the Changing Climate Scenario

Studies on reproductive biology of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas walker in the changing climate scenario conducted at Agriculture Research Station, Gangavathi during 2020-22.Results on post eclosion behavior of yellow stem borer revealed that the maximum female moths emerged between 18:00 and 21:00 hrs from among the emerged moth the female calling was observed between 23:00 and 02:00 hrs. The time of mating commenced after the calling period and was observed between 23:00 and 03:00 hrs. The average pre-oviposition period, oviposition period and post-oviposition period were completed in 1.09 ± 0.09, 1.28 ± 0.17 and 0.85 ± 0.25 days, respectively. The longevity of adult females and males was about 3.23 ± 0.29 and 2.66 ± 0.33 days, respectively. The total number of eggs laid varied from 68 to 221 in number with an average of 146.95 ± 43.98 per female. The Operational and intrinsic sex ratio of YSB were observed to be female-biased with 1:1.35 and 1:1.44 of male to female moths, respectively

Specialised Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT-Tuta): Novel Approach for the Management of Tomato Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyr.)

The second most popular and widely cultivated vegetable in the world after potatoes is the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum M.).  Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the major invasive pests of tomato which is a destructive pest of tomato in field as well as greenhouse condition. Novel SPLAT (Specialized Pheromone & Lure Application Technology) for Tuta absoluta is a proprietary base matrix formulation of biologically inert materials used to control the release of semiochemicals and/or odors with or without pesticides. To check the efficiency of SPLAT technique three treatments were taken. When comparing the SPLAT field and conventional farmers practices field, SPLAT applied field (32.80 tonnes per ha) performed far superior than conventional field (21.50 tonnes per ha) in respective of leaf minor infestation and yield. Specialised Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) adoption favours sustainable pest management and reduces plant protection cost to the farmers

Procoagulant serine glycoprotease from Cucumis sativus L.: action on human fibrinogen and fibrin clot

Upon examination of the fruit extract of Cucumis sativus L. for its pharmacological benefits, it was previously observed that it has potential proteolytic, fibrinogenolytic and procoagulant activities. These properties can be attributed to the presence of the protease. In this regard, the present study comprised of purification and characterization of protease. Purification of the enzyme involved ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The purified cucumis protease (CPro) exhibits homogeneity as attested by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC with a retention time of 14.246 min with molecular mass ~75.3 kDa. CPro was identified as a glycoprotein and serine protease. Azocasein is the preferred substrate for CPro as it showed low Km value of 0.3809 mg/ml. Purified CPro exhibits optimum activity at 37 °C and pH 8. CPro shows its involvement in hemostasis---the very first step in wound healing. CPro degrades the subunits of human fibrinogen in the order Aα > Bβ > γ. It also hydrolyzes the subunits of the partially cross-linked fibrin clot in the order α-polymer > γ—γ dimer > β-chain. CPro reduced the clotting time of citrated plasma, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of plasma. CPro is neither hemorrhagic nor edema-inducing, thus considered to be a non-toxic protease. This work provides evidence for the use of cucumber extract in wound healing and authenticates its use in cosmetics

Lanthanide(III) and Yttrium(III) Complexes of Benzimidazole-2-Acetic Acid: Synthesis, Characterisation and Effect of La(III) Complex on Germination of Wheat

The synthesis and characterisation of lanthanide(III) and yttrium(III) nitrate complexes of benzimidazole-2-acetic acid (HBIA) are reported. The complexes have been characterised by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic studies, IR, 1 H NMR, UV-visible, EPR, and TG/DTA studies. They have the stoichiometry [Ln 3 (BIA) 2 (NO 3 ) 7 (H 2 O) 4 ] · 3H 2 O where Ln=La(III), Pr(III), Nd(II), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), and Y(III). The effect of La(III) complex on germination, coleoptile, and root length of two local varieties of wheat DWR-195 and GW-349 for different treatment periods has been investigated. The complex was found to exhibit enhanced activity, compared to HBIA or metal salt alone at lower treatment periods