Glomus tumor of penis- A rare case

Glomus tumors are rare, painful, and benign soft tissue tumors of the skin arising from the glomus body, an arteriovenous thermoregulatory structure. This lesion is usually found on the extremities. Glomus tumor involving the external genital organs including penis is extremely rare. Until now, only few cases have been reported in the available literature. A 22 year old male patient presented with a painful nodule over the penis. The pathologic diagnosis was glomus tumor of the glans penis. We report herewith a case of glomus tumor of penis diagnosed on histopathologic examination. Glomus tumor, being a benign neoplasm, complete extirpation of the glomus tumor is the treatment of choice

Intelligent Malware Detection System

Malicious programs spy on users’ behavior and compromise their privacy. Unfortunately, existing techniques for detecting malware and analyzing unknown code samples are insufficient and have significant shortcomings. We observe that malicious information access and processing behavior is the fundamental trait of numerous malware categories breaching users’ privacy (including key loggers, password thieves, network sniffers, stealth backdoors, spyware and root kits), which separates these malicious applications from benign software. Commercial anti-virus software is unable to provide protection against newly launched (“zero-day”) malware. In this dissertation work, we propose a novel malware detection technique which is based on the analysis of byte-level file content. The proposed dissertation work will demonstrate the implementation of system for detection of various types of malware

Critical Review on Beeja Doshaj Pandu Roga in Bala Roga w.s.r. to Thalassemia

Thalassemia syndromes are most common single gene disorder in the world and represent a major health burden worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disorder recessively inherited resulting from various mutations of the genes which code for globin chains of Hb leading to reduced or absent synthesis of globin chains. In Ayurveda, Aacharya Charaka described Beeja Dushti Janya Vikaara. He explained that specific Avayava would be Vikrita, if Doshas vitiate specific Beeja or Beejabhaaga. Scientists are working to remove excess iron in order to prevent or delay iron overload which is achieved by prolonging blood transfusion interval and searching effective, orally administrable, economical iron chelators to combat the Thalassemia. In Ayurveda Raktashodhana, Raktaprasaadana, Shonitasthaapana, Rasayana, Balya and Varnya properties decrease the rapid destruction of RBCs and thus prolonging the Life span of RBCs which increases the interval of blood transfusion. All these factors increase the expectancy of good life of Thalassemic patients

A systematic review of the evidence for single stage and two stage revision of infected knee replacement

BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic infection about the knee is a devastating complication that may affect between 1% and 5% of knee replacement. With over 79 000 knee replacements being implanted each year in the UK, periprosthetic infection (PJI) is set to become an important burden of disease and cost to the healthcare economy. One of the important controversies in treatment of PJI is whether a single stage revision operation is superior to a two-stage procedure. This study sought to systematically evaluate the published evidence to determine which technique had lowest reinfection rates. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases with the aim to identify existing studies that present the outcomes of each surgical technique. Reinfection rate was the primary outcome measure. Studies of specific subsets of patients such as resistant organisms were excluded. RESULTS: 63 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of which (58) were reports of two-stage revision. Reinfection rated varied between 0% and 41% in two-stage studies, and 0% and 11% in single stage studies. No clinical trials were identified and the majority of studies were observational studies. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence for both one-stage and two-stage revision is largely of low quality. The evidence basis for two-stage revision is significantly larger, and further work into direct comparison between the two techniques should be undertaken as a priority

Critical review on Mandabuddhitva in children and role of Samvardhana Ghrita in treatment

Ayurveda, which is the science of life, also called an eternal science; deals with spiritual, psychological and physical well being of the individual. Ayurveda being the science of life deals with all its aspects including the aspect of psyche. Although not explained in separate chapters, still conditions referred by our Acharyas as “Alpabuddhi, Mudha, Jada, Abudh” (indicating stunted growth of mental faculties) appear to be state of ‘mental retardation’ these conditions have been attributed to impaired development of buddhi. Mandabuddhitva can be correlated with Mental retardation. Mental retardation is a disorder consisting of below average intellectual functioning and impairment in adaptive skill, which is present, before the person is 18 years of age. This is the period when the brain along with the entire nervous system is in a state of development in order to reach maturity. In Ayurveda Samvardhana Ghrita mentioned by Acharya Kashyapa in the management of Mandabuddhitva

ENHANCEMENT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF 316L STAINLESS STEEL AND TI-6AL-4V USING LOW PLASTICITY BURNISHING: DOE APPROACH

ABSTRACT In the present work, effect of Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB) parameters in improving surface roughness of 316L Stainless Steel and Ti-6Al-4V have been investigated. Full factorial design of experiment (DOE) have been used to visualize the effect of LPB process parameters such as speed, pressure, ball diameter and number of passes on surface roughness. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and ANOVA was carried out to identify the significant LPB parameters. The percentage improvement in surface roughness is found to be 87 % and 85 % for Ti-6Al-4V and 316L Stainless Steel respectively. Empirical relations have been developed for LPB parameters and the surface roughness

Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery: The Development of Microneedle Technology for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) represent a significant advancement in therapeutic administration by allowing drugs to bypass the gastrointestinal system and first-pass hepatic metabolism, enhancing patient compliance, and enabling sustained drug release. However, traditional TDDS face limitations, including resistance from the skin\u27s natural barrier and limited efficacy in delivering large or hydrophilic molecules. Microneedle (MN) technology offers a breakthrough solution, using minimally invasive micron-sized needles to bypass the stratum corneum, facilitating efficient drug delivery without significant pain or discomfort. This review explores the evolution and recent advancements in microneedle technology, highlighting its role in overcoming the limitations of conventional TDDS. Microneedles have been shown to enhance drug bioavailability, reduce side effects, and expand the range of deliverable therapeutics, including vaccines, insulin, and genetic materials. The development of bioinspired 4D microneedles further extends their application to diagnostics and cosmetic treatments, positioning MNs as a versatile tool in modern medicine. Key sections of the review focus on the types of microneedles—solid, coated, dissolving, hollow, and hydrogel-forming—and their respective fabrication methods, materials, and drug delivery mechanisms. The review also discusses the challenges related to scaling up production, ensuring consistent quality, and regulatory hurdles in achieving clinical approval. Future directions include the integration of microneedles with nanotechnology, combination therapies, and sustainable design, particularly in developing regions where biodegradable materials may address environmental and disposal concerns. The potential for microneedle technology to revolutionize transdermal drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic monitoring is significant, with ongoing research paving the way for multifunctional applications that can reshape patient care and treatment modalities

PREVALENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS FROM HEALTHCARE AND COMMUNITY ASSOCIATED SOURCES

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial pathogen. We report the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA in Amravati, Maharashtra state (India). A total of 150 healthcare-associated (HA) sources (doctors mobiles phone and wound/pus swabs), and 160 community-associated (CA) sources (hand swab) were screened for MRSA and their antibiotic resistance pattern was performed. Out of 41 isolated strains of S. aureus, 77% from HA and 50% CA samples were found to be methicillin resistant. There were high prevalence of MRSA in doctor’s mobile phone (83%) and wound/pus (71%) (HA sources) than the hand swab. Almost all HA and CA MRSA strains were resistant to penicillin and penicillin V (100%) followed by cloxacillin and cephalexin, co-trimoxazole. About 56 - 67% HA and CA-MRSA strains were resistance to erythromycin, ceftazidime, lincomycin, ceftazidime, cephalexin, erythromycin and tetracycline indicating high degree of multi-resistance MRSA prevalence in the region. However, 67% strains of CA and 56% strains of HA were sensitive to vancomycin. The study showed high prevalence of MRSA in hospital setting indicating need of good control measures such as proper hand hygiene, avoiding mobile phone while wound dressing and treating patient, surveillance cultures and monitoring of susceptibility patterns of MRSA may also help in arresting the spread of infections in this part of India