Perbandingan Kebijakan Hukum terhadap Tanggung Jawab Transnasional Corporations Atas Pelanggaran Hak Menikmati Lingkungan yang Sehat di Beberapa Negara

Most TNCs investing in developing countries control the exploitation of natural resources. However, the environmental protection standards applied by TNCs in the home state and the host state are not the same. The bad experiences occuring in some developing countries (Indonesia, India, Ecuador, and Nigeria) triggervarious policies to protect the right to enjoy a healthy environment. This study comprehensively analyzes: first, how is the legal policy of the responsibility of TNCs on the right protection to enjoy healthy environment in Indonesia, India, Ecuador, Nigeria and Finland? Second, what are the similarities and differences in its policymaking? This study is a qualitative research with normative and comparative juridical approach. The results of this study concluded that, first, the legal policies of developing countries towards the violation of TNCs responsibilities to enjoy a healthy environment have the same pattern, which is pretty mild in granting sanction, and prioritizing more on the economic growth rather than protecting the right to enjoy healthy environment. Second, the similar legal policy between these countries lies on the fact that they have recognized the right to enjoy healthy environment as a constitutional right and part of human rights. However, the implementation of the legal protection of the right to enjoy healthy environment differs from one country to another

Pengaturan Hukuman Mati dalam Materi Muatan Undang-undang Dikaitkan dengan Pasal 28i Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945

The right to life is protected by the constitution inspired by human values in Pancasila, but today, in the legal system in Indonesia is still valid regarding the death penalty. It seems contradictory to the concept of humanity in Pancasila. The purpose of this thesis, namely; First, How will the death penalty in the Act in force in Indonesia, Second, Do arrangement death penalty in accordance with Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945, Third, How implications of Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 the implementation of the death penalty in Indonesia.This type of research can be classified in this type of normative legal research , legal research literature by researching legal principles , the data source used , primary data , secondary data and data tertiary , technical analysis of legal materials in this study with qualitative analysis , outlines descriptive and emphasis on deductive method. From the research there are three main issues that can be inferred . First , setting the death penalty in law prevailing in Indonesia that the death penalty is one of the special penalty is applied cautiously , selectively majored in certain cases. Setting the death penalty in law in Indonesia can be found in the Criminal Code , Law No. 1 Year 1946 on the draft Criminal Code , Act No. 35 of 2009 on Crime Narcotics , Law Number 26 Year 2000 Crime Against Human Rights , Law No. 20 of 2001 on Corruption , Law Number 15 Year 2003 on Anti Terrorism. Second , setting the death penalty in accordance with Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945. Because of its restrictions on the death penalty should preferably be set so as not to cause inconsistency and multiple interpretations. Third , the implication of Article 28 of the Law of 1945 on the implementation of the death penalty at least will have an impact on three (3) things: first, impact against the Constitution itself , which provides for the death penalty , that it would be difficult to implement consistently because it is constrained by arrangements contained in Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution so that it is possible for citizens to make a Judicial Review against the law . Second , the emergence of legal uncertainty regarding the legality of the death penalty . Third , the impact on human rights

We need more trust between managers, patients and the front line

With rising use of technology, building trust between patients, doctors and the management is essential to meet the challenges in healthcare in the UK and the US

Spanning trees of 2-complexes from diagram groups over the construction of semigroup presentation of integers using lifting method

For any given semigroup presentation we may obtain the fundamental group. In this paper we will determine spanning trees for the 2-complexes of the fundamental groups obtained from the union of two semigroup presentations with finite different initial generators using lifting method. The spanning trees will be systematically selected by using lifting method according to the length of words. Also the general formula for all lifts of spanning trees and the number of edges in the spanning trees will be computed