Simultaneously non-linear energy calibration of CMS calorimeters for single pions and electrons

CMS calorimeter energy calibration was done in the full CMS simulated geometry for the pseudorapidity region eta = 0. The samples of single pion events were generated with a set of incident energies from 5 GeV to 3 TeV and for single electrons from 5 to 500 GeV. The analysis of the simulated data shows that standard calibration using just sampling coefficients for calorimeter parts with different sampling ratio gives nonlinear calorimeter response. Non-linear calibration technique was applied simultaneously for pion and electron beams which is preparation for jets energy reconstruction. It improve calorimeter energy resolution for pions and restore the calorimeter linearity.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, latex fil

Non-linear energy calibration of CMS calorimeters for single pions

CMS calorimeter energy calibration was done in the full CMS simulated geometry for the pseudorapidity region eta = 0. The samples of single pion events were generated with a set of incident energies from 10 GeV to 3 TeV. The analysis of the simulated data shows that standard calibration using just sampling coefficients for calorimeter parts with different sampling ratio gives nonlinear calorimeter response. Non-linear calibration technique was applied for improving calorimeter energy resolution and restoring the calorimeter linearity.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, latex fil

FATTENING CAPACITIES AND MEAT QUALITY OF JAPANESE QUAILS OF FARAON AND WHITE ENGLISH BREEDS

The aim of the study was to establish the fatting capacity and the meat quality of the combined (meat+eggs) White English breed and to compare with the same of the meat Faraon breed. Logically, the live weight of 31-day old male Faraon-birds was by 5,9 % higher and of the female ones – by 7,9 % compared to the birds of White English breed. Feed conversion ratio for the experimental period (3-31 days) for the White English quails was to 9,95% less effective, compared to the Faraon birds. The meat of Faraon quails contained more dry matter and protein compared to the meat of White English breed. Fat content in the quail bodies of White English breed was signifi cantly lower compared to Faraon breed /Р≤0,05/. Quail meat of White English breed was characterized by its better capacity for technological processing due to the lower loss of moisture – by 18,8 % for breast and 22,4 % for leg muscles /Р≤0,05/. The established results characterize the combined White English breed as suitable for producing both of eggs and meat from quails

УГОИТЕЛНИ СПОСОБНОСТИ И КАЧЕСТВО НА МЕСОТО ПРИ ЯПОНСКИ ПЪДПЪДЪЦИ ОТ ПОРОДИТЕ “ФАРАОН” И “БЕЛИ АНГЛИЙСКИ”

The aim of the study was to establish the fatting capacity and the meat quality of the combined (meat+eggs) White English breed and to compare with the same of the meat Faraon breed. Logically, the live weight of 31-day old male Faraon-birds was by 5,9 % higher and of the female ones – by 7,9 % compared to the birds of White English breed. Feed conversion ratio for the experimental period (3-31 days) for the White English quails was to 9,95% less effective, compared to the Faraon birds. The meat of Faraon quails contained more dry matter and protein compared to the meat of White English breed. Fat content in the quail bodies of White English breed was signifi cantly lower compared to Faraon breed /Р≤0,05/. Quail meat of White English breed was characterized by its better capacity for technological processing due to the lower loss of moisture – by 18,8 % for breast and 22,4 % for leg muscles /Р≤0,05/. The established results characterize the combined White English breed as suitable for producing both of eggs and meat from quails.Целта на изследването е да се проучат угоителните способности и качеството на месото на месо-яйчната порода Бели английски, като се сравни с това на използваната в целия свят специализирана месодайна порода Фараон. Логично на 31-дневна възраст живата маса на мъжките птици от породата Фараон е била с 5,9% по- висока, а при женските - със 7,9% в сравнение с птиците от породата Бели английски. Средно за опитния период (3-31 дни), конверсията на фураж при птиците от породата Бели английски е била с 9,95% по-неефективна в сравнение с тази при месодайната порода Фараон. Месото на птиците от породата Фараон е по-богато на сухи вещества и протеин - съответно с 8% при гръдната и 8,5% при крачната мускулатура сухи вещества и с 3,2% при гръдната и 4,6% при крачната мускулатура протеин. Съдържанието на мазнини в трупчета от породата Бели английски е достоверно по-ниско в сравнение с трупчетата на породата Фараон /Р≤0,05/. Месото на пъдпъдъците от породата Бели английски се характеризира с по-добра пригодност за технологична преработка, поради по-ниската загуба на влага – с 18,8% за гръдната и с 22,4% за крачната мускулатура / Р≤0,05/. Получените резултати характеризират породата Бели английски като подходяща за производство на яйца и месо от японски пъдпъдъци

Developing reverse logistics programs: A resource based view

Previous research proposes a six-process model for reverse logistics (RL) program design and execution. This manuscript advances RL related knowledge by incorporating the previous model into a broader theoretical framework, namely, the Resource Based View (RBV) of the firm. The current research employs exploratory techniques to investigate the applicability of RBV and its main tenants within the RL context. Based on in-depth interviews with 16 executives from seven different companies, the relationships among resources. RL capabilities, and RL competencies are explored

Search for a Standard Model Higgs Boson in CMS via Vector Boson Fusion in the H->WW->l\nu l\nu Channel

We present the potential for discovering the Standard Model Higgs boson produced by the vector-boson fusion mechanism. We considered the decay of Higgs bosons into the W+W- final state, with both W-bosons subsequently decaying leptonically. The main background is ttbar with one or more jets produced. This study is based on a full simulation of the CMS detector, and up-to-date reconstruction codes. The result is that a signal of 5 sigma significance can be obtained with an integrated luminosity of 12-72 1/fb for Higgs boson masses between 130-200 GeV. In addition, the major background can be measured directly to 7% from the data with an integrated luminosity of 30 1/fb. In this study, we also suggested a method to obtain information in Higgs mass using the transverse mass distributions.Comment: 26 pages, 22 figure

Performance of the Gas Gain Monitoring system of the CMS RPC muon detector and effective working point fine tuning

The Gas Gain Monitoring (GGM) system of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon detector in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment provides fast and accurate determination of the stability in the working point conditions due to gas mixture changes in the closed loop recirculation system. In 2011 the GGM began to operate using a feedback algorithm to control the applied voltage, in order to keep the GGM response insensitive to environmental temperature and atmospheric pressure variations. Recent results are presented on the feedback method used and on alternative algorithms

CMS endcap RPC gas gap production for upgrade

The CMS experiment will install a RE4 layer of 144 new Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) on the existing york YE3 at both endcap regions to trigger high momentum muons from the proton-proton interaction. In this paper, we present the detailed procedures used in the production of new RPC gas gaps adopted in the CMS upgrade. Quality assurance is enforced as ways to maintain the same quality of RPC gas gaps as the existing 432 endcap RPC chambers that have been operational since the beginning of the LHC operation

The Upgrade of the CMS RPC System during the First LHC Long Shutdown

The CMS muon system includes in both the barrel and endcap region Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). They mainly serve as trigger detectors and also improve the reconstruction of muon parameters. Over the years, the instantaneous luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider gradually increases. During the LHC Phase 1 (~first 10 years of operation) an ultimate luminosity is expected above its design value of 10^34/cm^2/s at 14 TeV. To prepare the machine and also the experiments for this, two long shutdown periods are scheduled for 2013-2014 and 2018-2019. The CMS Collaboration is planning several detector upgrades during these long shutdowns. In particular, the muon detection system should be able to maintain a low-pT threshold for an efficient Level-1 Muon Trigger at high particle rates. One of the measures to ensure this, is to extend the present RPC system with the addition of a 4th layer in both endcap regions. During the first long shutdown, these two new stations will be equipped in the region |eta|<1.6 with 144 High Pressure Laminate (HPL) double-gap RPCs operating in avalanche mode, with a similar design as the existing CMS endcap chambers. Here, we present the upgrade plans for the CMS RPC system for the fist long shutdown, including trigger simulation studies for the extended system, and details on the new HPL production, the chamber assembly and the quality control procedures.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, presented by M.Tytgat at the XI workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2012), INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, February 5-10, 201

Simulation of the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers

The Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon subsystem contributes significantly to the formation of the trigger decision and reconstruction of the muon trajectory parameters. Simulation of the RPC response is a crucial part of the entire CMS Monte Carlo software and directly influences the final physical results. An algorithm based on the parametrization of RPC efficiency, noise, cluster size and timing for every strip has been developed. Experimental data obtained from cosmic and proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV have been used for determination of the parameters. A dedicated validation procedure has been developed. A good agreement between the simulated and experimental data has been achieved.Comment: to be published in JINS