Direct characterization of circulating DNA in blood plasma using μLAS technology

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a powerful cancer biomarker for establishing targeted therapies or monitoring patients' treatment. However, current cfDNA characterization is severely limited by its low concentration, requiring the extensive use of amplification techniques. Here we report that the μLAS technology allows us to quantitatively characterize the size distribution of purified cfDNA in a few minutes, even when its concentration is as low as 1 pg/μL. Moreover, we show that DNA profiles can be directly measured in blood plasma with a minimal conditioning process to speed up considerably speed up the cfDNA analytical chain

Single crystal Raman spectra of 1,2,4,5-tetrabromobenzene: Calculational and experimental assignment of the internal modes

A detailed study of the fundamental internal modes of the 1,2,4,5-tetrabromobenzene crystal has provided assignments of Raman-active modes consistent with polarized single-crystal measurements. A normal-mode calculation based on a valence force field derived from brominated and chlorinated benzenes is found to be in excellent agreement with the assignments. Additional bands arising from anharmonic interactions of the fundamentals are also assigned

Anti-Müllerian hormone and freemartinism : inhibition of germ cell development and induction of seminiferous cord-like structures in rat fetal ovaries exposed in vitro to purified bovine AMH

International audienc

Appl Ergon

Despite recent concerns for workers’ health, exposure situations to nanoparticles can occur in numerous workplaces. Understanding how exposures occur considering human work in these transformations remains a crucial issue of nanotechnologies. The objective of this article is to understand exposure situations to nanoparticles, their determinants and the resources to act on them. This understanding was achieved by specific measurement of nanoparticles aerosols, combined with an analysis of work activity (actions performed and physical strain) in a rubber industry. The presentation of real time measurements, associated with the video of work situations, during confrontation interviews becomes a means of making exposing work activities visible, to analyze and transform them from the points of view formulated by the company's stakeholders. In this way, characterized “typical exposure situations” serve to trigger discussions and open up new spaces for debate highlighting how innovation affects work and gives rise to enhanced prevention projects

Direct characterization of circulating DNA in blood plasma using µLAS technology

International audienceCirculating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a powerful cancer biomarker for establishing targeted therapies or monitoring patients' treatment. However, current cfDNA characterization is severely limited by its low concentration, requiring the extensive use of amplification techniques. Here we report that the µLAS technology allows us to quantitatively characterize the size distribution of purified cfDNA in a few minutes, even when its concentration is as low as 1 pg/µL. Moreover, we show that DNA profiles can be directly measured in blood plasma with a minimal conditioning process to speed up considerably speed up the cfDNA analytical chain

Aerodynamic parameters over an eroding bare surface: reconciliation of the law of the wall and eddy covariance determinations

International audienceAssessing accurately the surface friction velocity is a key issue for predicting and quantifying aeolian soil erosion. This is usually done either indirectly from the law of the wall (LoW) of the mean wind velocity profile or directly from eddy covariance (EC) of the streamwise and vertical wind velocity fluctuations. However, several recent experiments have reported inconsistency between friction velocities deduced from both methods. Here we reinvestigate the determination of aerodynamic parameters (friction velocity and surface roughness length) over an eroding bare surface and look at the possible reasons for observing differences on these parameters following the method. For that purpose a novel field experiment was performed in South Tunisia under the research program WIND-O-V (WIND erOsion in presence of sparse Vegetation). We find no significant difference between friction velocities obtained from both law of the wall and EC approaches when the friction velocity deduced from the EC method was extrapolated to the surface. Surface roughness lengths show a clear increase with wind erosion, with more scattered values when deduced from the EC friction velocity. Our measurements further suggest an average value of the von Karman constant of 0.407±0.002, although individual wind events lead to different average values due probably to the definition of the ground level or to the stability correction. Importantly, the von Karman constant was found independent of the wind intensity and thus of the wind soil erosion intensity. Finally, our results lead to several recommendations for estimating the aerodynamic parameters over bare surface in order to evaluate saltation and dust fluxes