38 research outputs found

    Effect of the anisotropy of monocrystalline silicon mechanical properties on the dynamic characteristics of a micromechanical gyroscope

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    The aim of the research was to determine the effect of temperature on mechanical properties of a micromechanical gyroscope with the sensing element mounted on a silicon wafer, with the crystallographic orientation of (100) (110) (111). The research is of current relevancy since the metrological characteristics that depend on the eigenfrequencies over the full temperature range are to be controlled. The temperature-modal analysis of the micromechanical gyroscope model was performed with ANSYS program. The temperature dependence for eigenfrequencies was obtained. The dependence of the scale factor on temperature for the most temperature-independent variant of sensor positioning on the wafer was determined. The developed mathematical model was used to find the forms of the output oscillations of the gyroscope

    Effect of the anisotropy of monocrystalline silicon mechanical properties on the dynamic characteristics of a micromechanical gyroscope

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    The aim of the research was to determine the effect of temperature on mechanical properties of a micromechanical gyroscope with the sensing element mounted on a silicon wafer, with the crystallographic orientation of (100) (110) (111). The research is of current relevancy since the metrological characteristics that depend on the eigenfrequencies over the full temperature range are to be controlled. The temperature-modal analysis of the micromechanical gyroscope model was performed with ANSYS program. The temperature dependence for eigenfrequencies was obtained. The dependence of the scale factor on temperature for the most temperature-independent variant of sensor positioning on the wafer was determined. The developed mathematical model was used to find the forms of the output oscillations of the gyroscope

    Clinicopathological features of nonspecific invasive breast cancer according to its molecular subtypes

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    The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and morphological features of nonspecific invasive breast cancer according to its molecular subtypes. Materials and Methods: 163 women with nonspecific invasive breast cancer (T1–4N0–3M0) were included in the present study. Luminal A type of breast cancer was detected in 101 women, luminal B type β€” in 23 women, overexpression of HER2/neu was identified in 14 women and triple-negative cancer β€” in 25 women. Results: The study revealed that various molecular subtypes of breast cancer differ in the morphological structure, the expression characteristics of the primary tumor and the rate of lymphogenous and hematogenous metastasis. Lymphogenous metastases were more frequently (in 71%) detected in HER2/neu overexpressing breast cancer than in luminal A (41%), luminal B (39%) and triple-negative tumors (40%). Hematogenous metastasis did not depend on the morphological structure of carcinoma infiltrative component, the state of tumor stroma as well as the proliferative activity in all the investigated groups. Conclusion: The revealed clinicopathological characteristics of different molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer allow to predict the possible outcome of the disease and select personalized treatment strategy for patients more reasonably

    ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ“ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠΠ― Π ΠžΠ›Π¬ ΠœΠžΠ›Π•ΠšΠ£Π›Π―Π ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠŸΠžΠ”Π’Π˜ΠŸΠžΠ’ РАКА Π’ΠžΠ›Π‘Π’ΠžΠ™ КИШКИ. Π‘ΠžΠ’Π Π•ΠœΠ•ΠΠΠ«Π™ Π’Π—Π“Π›Π―Π” НА ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ‘Π›Π•ΠœΠ£

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    Purpose of the study: to review the available data on the heterogeneity of colon cancer and to assess the prognostic significance of colon cancer subtypes.Material and Methods. Medline, PubMed, Cochrane library, elibrary databases were used to identify studies that characterized the current view on the problem of choosing the optimal postoperative treatment for colon cancer.Results. the review showed the results of international studies of colon cancer subtypes based on complex multomics characteristics. Particular attention was paid to the description of modern studies on the search for prognostic markers for colon cancer. The relevance of the study of immunohistochemical markers was confirmed by the analysis of the world literature. the outcomes will make it possible to classify colon cancer into molecular subtypes in real clinical practice and, as a consequence, significantly improve the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy.ЦСль исслСдования – ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ свСдСний ΠΎ гСтСрогСнности Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° прогностичСской значимости Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ².ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Поиск Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ производился Π² систСмах Medline, Cochrane library, elibrary ΠΈ PubMed, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ соврСмСнный взгляд Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° стратСгии послСопСрационного лСчСния Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ освСщСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки, основанныС Π½Π° комплСксных ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… характСристиках. ОсобоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ описанию соврСмСнных исслСдований ΠΏΠΎ поиску прогностичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ исслСдования иммуногистохимичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΄ΡƒΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΠΊ толстой кишки Π½Π° молСкулярныС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ клиничСской ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π΄ΡŠΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ

    ROLE OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR B I TYPE (TGF-BRI) IN THE PROGRESSION OF THE LUMINAL BREAST CANCER SUBTYPE

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    Introduction. The crosstalk between the estrogen and growth factor receptors signaling may play an important role in the resistance to endocrine therapy. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the protein and receptor gene expression of transforming growth factor Ξ² type I (TGF-Ξ²RI) and its polymorphism with progression of luminal breast cancer patients treated by adjuvant tamoxifen. Material and methods.Β  The study included 105 patients with luminal breast cancer (T1-3N0–3M0), who had received adjuvant tamoxifenΒ  at a dose of 20 mg/day for at least 5 years. Patients who developed distant metastasis or recurrence after tamoxifen therapy were defined as tamoxifen resistance (TR) group, while distant metastasis-free patients were analyzed as tamoxifen sensitive (TS) group. TGF-Ξ²RI expression level was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. TGF-BRI gene expression and genotypes for rs334354 SNP were detected by a Real-time PCR. Results. We found high TGF-Ξ²RI gene expression in patients with luminal A subtype compared with luminal B breast cancer (p=0.050). The Int7G24AA and Int7G24A mutant carriers were more prevalent in luminal A breast cancer patients (p=0.019 and p=0.007, respectively). TGF-Ξ²RI protein expression level was significantly higher in the tamoxifen sensitive group compared to tamoxifen resistance breast cancer patients regardless of molecular subtypes (p=0.043). There was a trend for a tamoxifen sensitivity among luminal B breast cancer patients with a high TGF-Ξ²RI protein expression (p=0.090). Conclusion. TGF-Ξ²RI protein expression level can be a potential molecular marker of tamoxifen resistance in luminal breast cancer patients

    Бвязь экспрСссии ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° с ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-морфологичСскими ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки

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    The treatment of colon cancer with a mesenchymal-like phenotype poses a great challenge. Purpose of the study: to research expression of FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2 in the primary tumor tissue with relation of the clinical and pathological features of colon cancer. Material and methods. a combined analysis of the expression of FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2 with pathological criteria was performed in 100 patients with T1–4bN0–2bM0Β  colonΒ  cancer.Β  ResultsΒ  ofΒ  theΒ  studyΒ  showΒ  thatΒ  tumorsΒ  withΒ  mesenchymalΒ  signsΒ  are characterized by a large size of the primary tumor, a high grade of differentiation, regional metastases, and eventually advanced stage of the disease. The frequency and expression levels of FRMD6, ZEB1 and HTR2B are depended of grade of adenocarcinoma. in cases with positive expression and a high percentage of expression of these proteins in the cancer cells, the degree of tumor morphological anaplasia increases. Conclusion. The study made it possible to reveal the relationship of IHC markers (FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2) with tumor characteristics that determine the outcome. The studied markers may have prognostic and predictive value in treatment approaches of colon cancer.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ соврСмСнной ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ толстой кишки с ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ опрСдСляСт нСблагоприятноС клиничСскоС Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ заболСвания. ЦСль исслСдования β€’ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-морфологичСскиС характСристики Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстой кишки Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ экспрСссии ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2 Π² Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ совокупный Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· экспрСссии FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2 с патоморфологичСскими критСриями Ρƒ 100 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстой кишки T1–4bN0–2bM0. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠžΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ с Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ большим Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… лимфатичСских ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС, большСй стадиСй заболСвания. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ частоты ΠΈ уровня экспрСссии FRMD6, ZEB1 И HTR2B Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ стСпСни Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ кишки, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ экспрСссии ΠΈ высоких значСниях ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° экспрСссии Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ новообразования ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ морфологичСской Π°Π½Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ связь иммуногистохимичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² FRMD6, ZEB1, HTR2B, CDX2 с характСристиками ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ онкологичСского процСсса. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π² дальнСйшСм ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ прогностичСскоС ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ толстой кишки

    Π“Π•Π’Π•Π ΠžΠ“Π•ΠΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π¬ Π­ΠšΠ‘ΠŸΠ Π•Π‘Π‘Π˜Π˜ ΠœΠΠ ΠšΠ•Π ΠžΠ’, ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠžΠ¦Π˜Π˜Π ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ Π‘ Π˜ΠΠ’ΠΠ—Π˜Π’ΠΠ«Πœ ΠšΠ›Π•Π’ΠžΠ§ΠΠ«Πœ РОБВОМ, ПРИ Π ΠΠšΠ• ΠœΠžΠ›ΠžΠ§ΠΠžΠ™ Π–Π•Π›Π•Π—Π«

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    The paper is devoted to the study of the expression of markers associated with invasive breast carcinoma. The study included a surgical material from 107 patients with invasive carcinoma of the non-specific type of breast cancer who had not previously received neoadjuvant therapy. The study revealed a number of markers related to invasive tumor growth, characterized by a pronounced heterogeneous expression pattern in all cases. Study of the expression of markers associated with invasive breast carcinoma showed that not all cells are able to promote invasive growth in different periods of time, but the fact of detecting the positive expression of the markers in tissue tumors indicates a more aggressive cancer phenotype with a high potential for invasion.Β Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ особСнностСй экспрСссии ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ассоциированных с ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ростом, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹. Π’ исслСдованиС Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎΡ‚ 107 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ с ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ нСспСцифичСского Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π΄ΡŠΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ выявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ряд ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌΡƒ росту, характСризуСтся Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° экспрСссии Π²ΠΎ всСх исслСдованных случаях. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экспрСссионных особСнностСй ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ², связанных с ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ росту Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π΅ всС ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ сам Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ выявлСния ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ экспрСссии ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ новообразования ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ агрСссивных свойств ΠΈ высокий ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ.

    НСструктурная Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ злокачСствСнных новообразованиях

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    Cytokeratins (CKs) are well studied as intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells, providing specific cell structure and morphology, in particular, apico-basal cell polarization. Meanwhile, a certain specificity of the association of CK with different types of epithelia is noted. CK heterogeneityΒ  in the glandular epithelium is particularly pronounced and is associated with anatomical localization. The relative specificity of CKs in epithelium of different localization is preserved to a great extent in carcinomas originating from this epithelium as well. Due to this fact the determination of CK spectrum in tumor cells is quite an effective tool for nosological diagnostics of carcinomas. however, the function of CKs is not limited to providing the cell structure. The presence and amount of CK changes during the most important processes in normal and tumor cells: movement/invasion, apoptosis, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity.A question arises: Is initiation of the above-listed processes happens first, and therefore CK changes are secondary and Β«passiveΒ», or in some processes CK changes can play a role of a trigger? Knowing the answer to this question is not only of fundamental importance, but is also important for finding ways to control the above processes by influencing the CKs.Π¦ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ (ЦК) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ цитоскСлСта ΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽΒ  структуру ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π² частности Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π±Π°Π·Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ опрСдСлСнная спСцифика ассоциации ЦК с Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ эпитСлия. Π“Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ЦК, которая сопряТСна с анатомичСской Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, особСнно Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ТСлСзистом эпитСлии. ΠžΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ЦК Π² эпитСлии Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ сохраняСтся Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ злокачСствСнной трансформации. Благодаря этому ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ спСктра ЦК Π² ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… являСтся довольно эффСктивным инструмСнтом нозологичСской диагностики ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. Однако функция ЦК Π½Π΅ исчСрпываСтся обСспСчСниСм структуры ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ. НаличиС/отсутствиС ЦК ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… количСство обусловлСны ваТнСйшими процСссами Π² Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ…: Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ/ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π’ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ вопрос: Β«ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Π»ΠΈ инициация пСрСчислСнных процСссов, ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° измСнСния ЦК Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ «пассивны», ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ…-Ρ‚ΠΎ процСссах измСнСния ЦК ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ³Π³Π΅Ρ€Π°?Β» ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ для поиска способов управлСния ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ процСссами ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ воздСйствия Π½Π° ЦК
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