Impact of monopolar radiofrequency energy on subchondral bone viability

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of monopolar radiofrequency energy treatment on subchondral bone viability. The femoral grooves of six chinchilla bastard rabbits were exposed bilaterally to monopolar radiofrequency energy for 2, 4 and 8 s, creating a total of 36 defects. An intravital fluorescence bone-labeling technique characterized the process of subchondral bone mineralization within the 3 months following exposure to radiofrequency energy and was analyzed by widefield epifluorescence optical sectioning microscopy using an ApoTome. After 2 s of radiofrequency energy exposure, regular fluorescence staining of the subchondral bone was evident in all samples when compared to untreated areas. The depth of osteonecrosis after 4 and 8 s of radiofrequency energy treatment averaged 126 and 942 µm at 22 days (P < .05; P < .01). The 4 s treatment group showed no osteonecrosis after 44 days whereas the depth of osteonecrosis extended from 519 µm at 44 days (P < .01), to 281 µm at 66 days (P < .01) and to 133 µm at 88 days (P < .05) after 8 s of radiofrequency energy application. Though radiofrequency energy may induce transient osteonecrosis in the superficial zone of the subchondral bone, the results of this study suggest that post-arthroscopic osteonecrosis appears to be of only modest risk given the current clinical application in humans

Hepato-preventive and anti-apoptotic role of boric acid against liver injury induced by cyclophosphamide

PubMed ID: 30910191This study aims to examine cyclophosphamide (CP) exsposure associated toxicity on rat livers and the likely defensive effects of boric acid (BA). The rats used in this study were divided into four groups: control group, CP group, BA group, and BA + CP group. The present study was carried out using routine histological H&E stain, immunohistochemical stain caspase-3 as apoptotic marker, serum biochemical analysis for liver function markers (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkalen phosphatase (ALP)), oxidative stress markers (total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and total antioxidant capacity marker (TAC)). In the CP group, the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TOS, OSI and caspase-3 increased whereas TAC levels decreased compared with the control group. In the BA + CP group, the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TOS, OSI and caspase-3 decreased whereas TAC levels increased compared with the CP group. The histopathological evaluation of light microscope images and immunohistochemical caspase-3 activity in the BA + CP group were found to be decrease compared with those in the CP group. In conclusion, BA was successful in defending the liver against apoptosis and histopathological changes that are attributable to CP. © 2019 Elsevier Gmb

Endoscopic versus microscopic stapes surgery

PubMedID: 27461175Objective The aim of this study to compare the outcomes and complications of endoscopic stapes surgery versus microscopic stapes surgery. Methods This study involved patients who underwent stapedotomy at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University between January 2012 and July 2014. The patients were divided into two groups. Patients in group I were operated with endoscope and patients in group II were operated with microscope. Pure tone audiometry was carried out in all patients preoperatively. Peroperative surgical findings, complications, and duration of surgery were noted and compared between the two groups. Air conduction and bone conduction thresholds were measured at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, and the mean (±SD) air-bone gap was noted. Results Mean preoperative air-bone gap was 36.9 ± 6.8 dB (23.3–50 dB) in group I and 35.1 ± 6 dB (26.6–50 dB) in group II. Mean postoperative air-bone gap was 9.3 ± 7.1 dB (0–30 dB) in group I and 13.5 ± 9.7 dB (1.6–35 dB) in group II. The difference in preoperative and postoperative air-bone gap between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.023). Patients in group I did not complain of postoperative pain but this was felt in four patients in group II. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.045). Conclusion Endoscopic stapes surgery has many benefits such as good visualization, and easy accessibility to the stapes, oval window niche, and facial nerve. Removal of the scutum and manipulation of the chorda tympani nerve are less frequent with the endoscopic technique. © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Lt

Cours de chirugie piézo-électrique ULB- Paris VI: Place de la chirurgie piézo-électrique dans la chirurgie implantaire

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

SERUM LEVELS OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA OF THE HEAD AND NECK

WOS: A1994NX81300008PubMed ID: 7978027

How does cochlear implantation affect five vestibular end-organ functions and dizziness?

PubMedID: 30100248Objective: To evaluate all five vestibular end-organ functions (lateral, anterior, posterior semicircular canal, utricule, and saccule) and to investigate the relationship between Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and vestibular functions prior to CI (cochlear implantation) and at postoperative day 3 and month 3. Methods: A total of 42 patients (age 16–70 years) with normal vestibular functions preoperatively and undergoing unilateral CI were included in this prospective descriptive study. Video head impulse test (vHIT) for three semicircular canal (SSC) functions, ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) for utricule function, cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) for saccule function and DHI for subjective vertigo symptoms were performed prior to CI and at postoperative day 3 and month 3. Results: There was a significant impairment of vestibular function in 12 patients (28.5%) on the implantation side and significant DHI increase was observed in 13 of 42 (30.9%) patients at postoperative day 3 after CI (p 0.05). The deterioration in cVEMP continued in 5 (11.9%) patients (p 0.05). There was a significant correlation between DHI and objective vestibular tests both in the early and late postoperative period (r = 0.795; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that both canal and otolith functions can be damaged after CI especially in the early postoperative period. Surprisingly, posterior SSC functions were more affected than lateral SSC. Therefore, a gold standard vestibular test battery that can evaluate each of three SSC canals and two otoliths functions is essential. Since a single vestibular test for this purpose is not available, we recommend the use of the three available vestibular tests together. This test battery, which is capable of evaluating five vestibular end-organ functions in preoperative and postoperative vestibular evaluations, can provide more accurate results not only for CI but also for most otologic surgeries. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.This study was not supported by any organization or foundation

SMALL-CELL CARCINOMA OF THE LARYNX

WOS: A1994PE52800008PubMed ID: 7978041