Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form - Cereal

Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form – Cerea

Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form - Mixed Cereal/Pea or Vetch

Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form – Mixed Cereal/Pea or Vetc

Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form - Timothy; Export & Horse

Hay Quality Sensory Evaluation Form – Timothy; Export & Hors

The Isovector Quadrupole-Quadrupole Interaction Used in Shell Model Calculations

An interaction $-\chi Q\cdot Q(1+B\vec{\tau}(1)\cdot \vec{\tau}(2))$ is used in a shell model calculation for $^{10}Be$. Whereas for $B=0$ the $2_1^+$ state is two-fold degenerate, introducing a negative $B$ causes an `isovector' $2^+$ state to come down to zero energy at $B=-0.67$ and an $S=1~L=1$ triplet ($J=0^+,~1^+,~2^+$) to come down to zero energy at $B=-0.73$. These are undesirable properties, but a large negative $B$ is apparently needed to fit the energy of the isovector giant quadrupole resonance.Comment: 12 pages, revtex, 2 figures (available on request

Stream temperatures, riparian vegetation, and channel morphology in the Upper Grande Ronde River Watershed, Oregon

The Upper Grande Ronde River Watershed in northeastern Oregon is considered important habitat for threatened stocks of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Documented reductions in channel complexity and riparian vegetation within the watershed have increased concern over loss of viable habitat. An important component of salmonid habitat is stream temperature during critical summer periods. In general, annual maximum stream temperatures and diurnal fluctuations in the Upper Grande Ronde River were found to reflect local reach characteristics, position in the drainage, and large-scale changes in valley shape. Stream temperatures on the Grande Ronde River at a distance of 71 km from the watershed divide exceeded 14°C, the "upper preferred temperature" for chinook salmon, more than 90% of time in July of 1991 and in July and August of 1992. While the occurrence of temperatures above 14°C were less common in the headwaters of the Grande Ronde River, downstream of a large meadow (i.e., Vey Meadow) (29 km from the divide) 14°C was exceeded at least 60% of the time during the same three month period. Seven-day maximum stream temperatures on the Upper Grande Ronde River ranged between 17.9°C and 26.6°C in 1991 and between 19.1°C and 26.7°C in 1992. Diel fluctuations on the mainstem were greatest immediately below Vey Meadow (about 12°C) but tended to stabilize at approximately 8°C at distances of over 49 km from the divide. Maximum stream temperatures in tributaries of the Upper Grande Ronde River varied by as much as 11°C (during 1992), reflecting large differences in stream cover, aspect, and flow. The timing of annual maximums seemed to be strongly linked to aspect during 1992. In addition, the high-elevation, forested tributaries had annual maximum stream temperatures and diel fluctuations which were 3°C lower than those associated with more open, low-elevation sites. Relationships between stream temperatures, riparian vegetation, and channel morphology characteristics were evaluated for 11 tributary reaches. Differences in stream cover, average flow velocity, bankfull depth and percent undercut bank were found to be significantly (p <0.1) related to maximum stream temperatures and/or average August diel fluctuations based on linear regression models. A stream temperature prediction model (i.e., TEMP-86) was found to be an accurate predictor of average hourly strew temperatures through short 250-m long reaches. An average WSTAT (a measure of model accuracy) of -0.18°C was calculated based on 11 reaches though two reaches led to consistent over- and under-predictions of downstream temperatures. A series of temperature simulations using TEMP-86 and combinations of wetted width and percent stream cover suggest that lower maximum daily stream temperatures would be observed through altered reaches if concurrent changes in both parameters occurred

Collective Excitations of (154)Sm nucleus at FEL{gamma}+LHC Collider

The production of collective excitations of the (154)Sm at FEL{gamma}+LHC collider is investigated. We show that this machine will be a powerful tool for investigation of high energy level excitations.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 4 table

Competing electric and magnetic excitations in backward electron scattering from heavy deformed nuclei

Important $E2$ contributions to the $(e,e^{\prime})$ cross sections of low-lying orbital $M1$ excitations are found in heavy deformed nuclei, arising from the small energy separation between the two excitations with $I^{\pi}K = 2^+1$ and 1$^+1$, respectively. They are studied microscopically in QRPA using DWBA. The accompanying $E2$ response is negligible at small momentum transfer $q$ but contributes substantially to the cross sections measured at $\theta = 165 ^{\circ}$ for $0.6 < q_{\rm eff} < 0.9$ fm$^{-1}$ ($40 \le E_i \le 70$ MeV) and leads to a very good agreement with experiment. The electric response is of longitudinal $C2$ type for $\theta \le 175 ^{\circ}$ but becomes almost purely transverse $E2$ for larger backward angles. The transverse $E2$ response remains comparable with the $M1$ response for $q_{\rm eff} > 1.2$ fm$^{-1}$ ($E_i > 100$ MeV) and even dominant for $E_i > 200$ MeV. This happens even at large backward angles $\theta > 175 ^{\circ}$, where the $M1$ dominance is limited to the lower $q$ region.Comment: RevTeX, 19 pages, 8 figures included Accepted for publication in Phys Rev

Constrained Willmore Surfaces

Constrained Willmore surfaces are conformal immersions of Riemann surfaces that are critical points of the Willmore energy $W=\int H^2$ under compactly supported infinitesimal conformal variations. Examples include all constant mean curvature surfaces in space forms. In this paper we investigate more generally the critical points of arbitrary geometric functionals on the space of immersions under the constraint that the admissible variations infinitesimally preserve the conformal structure. Besides constrained Willmore surfaces we discuss in some detail examples of constrained minimal and volume critical surfaces, the critical points of the area and enclosed volume functional under the conformal constraint.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures; v2: Hopf tori added as an example, minor changes in presentation, numbering changed; v3: new abstract and appendix, several changes in presentatio

Non-Scissors-Mode Behaviour of Isovector Magnetic Dipole Orbital Transitions Involving Isospin Transfer

We study the response of isovector orbital magnetic dipole (IOMD) transitions to the quadrupole-quadrupole ($Q \cdot Q$) interaction, to the isospin-conserving pairing interaction (ICP) and to combinations of both. We find qualitatively different behaviours for transitions in which the final isospin differs from the initial isospin versus cases where the two isospins are the same. For $N=Z$ even-even nuclei with $J^{\pi}=0^+, T=0$ ground states such as $^8Be$ and $^{20}Ne$, the summed $T=0 \to T=1$ IOMD from the ground state to all the $J=1, T=1$ states in the $0 \hbar \omega$ space does not vanish when the $Q \cdot Q$ interaction is turned off. The pairing interaction (ICP) alone leads to a finite transition rate. For nuclei with $J=0^+, T=1$ ground states such as $^{10}Be$ and $^{22}Ne$, the summed $T=1 \to T=1$ IOMD $does$ vanish when the $Q \cdot Q$ interaction is turned off, as is expected in a good scissors-mode behaviour. However this is not the case for the corresponding sum of the $T=1 \to T=2$ IOMD transitions. In $^{22}Ne$ (but not in $^{10}Be$) the sum of the $T=1 \to T=2$ IOMD transitions is remarkably insensitive to the strengths of both the $Q \cdot Q$ and the ICP interactions. In $^{22}Ne$ an energy weighted-sum is similarly insensitive. All our calculations were carried out in the $0 \hbar \omega$ space.Comment: 19 pages (including 5 figures). submitted to Nucl. Phys.