Financial Analysis of Small Scale Cattle Fattening Enterprise in Bama Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria

This study was conducted to determine the financial analysis of Small-Scale beef Cattle enterprise in Bama Local Government Area of Borno. Purposive method of sampling was use to select the two districts based on the prevalence of Cattle Fattening Enterprise. The second stage sampling involved random selection of 45 fatteners from a sampling frame of 450 sample frame. The data was collected through the use of structured questionnaire. The data collected include information on the output and the inputs used and their prices using the questionnaire method of data collection. The data collected were analysed using the Net farm income analysis, gross profit margin ratio, current ration and debt/asset ratio. The result of the Net farm income analysis showed ?208,310.00 per head of cattle fattened. The result of the gross profit margin ration revealed a ratio of 0.43:1, implying that for everyone naira invested in the fattening enterprise, 43 kobo will be realized. Similarly, the result of the current ration revealed a ratio of 172:1, implying that the current assets can more than pay for the current liabilities in the event of bankruptcy. And the debt/asset ratio indicates the ratio of 6032:1, implying high solvency. Therefore, the study revealed that the small-scale cattle fattening enterprise is profitable and viable venture. The main constrain militating against the smooth operation of the enterprises is the lack of access to formal credit facilities. This implies that the small fattening enterprises have no access to any formal credit institutions in the study area. Keywords: Financial analysis, profit ratio, cattle fattening enterprise

Lepton Polarization Asymmetry in B l l(bar) decays in R-parity violating Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model

We study the implication of R-parity violating Rp Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) model in lepton polarization asymmetry ALP in B l l(bar) decays . The analysis show that the ALP is significant in a certain phenomenological parametric region of Yukawa couplings. We have also placed indirect bounds on Lambda' lambda couplings as obtained from B t t(bar).Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures Changes of notation in Eq(8-11,17-19),Eq.20 adde

Blue light effects on rose photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis

Through its impact on photosynthesis and morphogenesis, light is the environmental factor that most affects plant architecture. Using light rather than chemicals to manage plant architecture could reduce the impact on the environment. However, the understanding of how light modulates plant architecture is still poor and further research is needed. To address this question, we examined the development of two rose cultivars, Rosa hybrida‘Radrazz’ and Rosa chinensis‘Old Blush’, cultivated under two light qualities. Plants were grown from one-node cuttings for 6 weeks under white or blue light at equal photosynthetic efficiencies. While plant development was totally inhibited in darkness, blue light could sustain full development from bud burst until flowering. Blue light reduced the net CO2 assimilation rate of fully expanded leaves in both cultivars, despite increasing stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentrations. In ‘Radrazz’, the reduction in CO2 assimilation under blue light was related to a decrease in photosynthetic pigment content, while in both cultivars, the chl a/b ratio increased. Surprisingly, blue light could induce the same organogenetic activity of the shoot apical meristem, growth of the metamers and flower development as white light. The normal development of rose plants under blue light reveals the strong adaptive properties of rose plants to their light environment. It also indicates that photomorphogenetic processes can all be triggered by blue wavelengths and that despite a lower assimilation rate, blue light can provide sufficient energy via photosynthesis to sustain normal growth and development in roses

Modélisation, Commande et Mise en Oeuvre de deux Ponts Triphasés Back-to-Back avec Contrôle des Flux de Puissance et de la Tension du Bus DC : Application à l'émulation de la chaîne de conversion électrique des houlogénérateurs directs

National audienceCet article présente la modélisation, la simulation et la mise en œuvre expérimentale d’un onduleur triphasé back-to-back avec prise en charge de la gestion des flux de puissances (active et réactive) et de la régulation de la tension du bus DC. La stratégie de commande utilisée offre la possibilité de contrôler indépendamment les puissances active et réactive. Les deux boucles de régulation (courant et tension) sont complètement découplées et indépendantes. L’objectif de ce dispositif est d’émuler le fonctionnement de la chaîne de conversion électrique de houlogénérateurs directs (tels que le SEAREV), avec un pont triphasé contrôlant la génératrice et la récupération d’énergie et l’autre pont injectant l’énergie au réseau. La production résultante est fortement pulsante et à très basse fréquence (moins d’un Hertz). Les résultats de simulation sous Maltab/Simulink ainsi que les résultats expérimentaux obtenus en utilisant des modules d’onduleurs pédagogiques pilotés par des cartes DSP sont présentés

Screening of selected aromatic plants belonging to Labiateae and Verbenaceae family for their antimicrobial activity

The present study aimed that 17 plant species belonging to Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae families were screened for their antimicrobial activity. The crude extracts of root, stem, leaf, inflorescence and whole plant were prepared in n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and D/W and tested against six gram positive and six gram negative bacteria by agar well diffusion method and the zone of inhibition was measured. The MIC value was examined by the twofold serial broth dilution method. The results showed that Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens and Enterococcus faecalis were found to be most susceptible organism. The n-hexane crude extracts inhibited the growth of Klebsiella pneumonia (91.17%), Bacillus cereus and Serratia marcescens (88.23%), ethyl acetate extract Enterococcus faecalis (85.29%), Bacillus cereus (82.35%) while methanolic extract found to inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus (76.47%). Least to no activity was found in D/W extract. Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus were found to most resistant organism for all tested crude plant extracts. The MIC values were observed in the range of >8 mg/ml to 0.25 mg/ml of selected crude plant extracts against tested organisms. HPTLC finger printing and TLC-bioautography of certain active extracts demonstrated the presence of common phytochemical compound in plant extracts. The results obtained in present study suggested that these plant extracts can be a source of active principle for antibacterial activity

Can Reproductive Health Voucher Programs Improve Quality of Postnatal Care? A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Kenya’s Safe Motherhood Voucher Scheme

This study tests the group-level causal relationship between the expansion of Kenya’s Safe Motherhood voucher program and changes in quality of postnatal care (PNC) provided at voucher-contracted facilities. We compare facilities accredited since program inception in 2006 (phase I) and facilities accredited since 2010-2011 (phase II) relative to comparable non-voucher facilities. PNC quality is assessed using observed clinical content processes, as well as client-reported outcome measures. Two-tailed unpaired t-tests are used to identify differences in mean process quality scores and client-reported outcome measures, comparing changes between intervention and comparison groups at the 2010 and 2012 data collection periods. Difference-in-differences analysis is used to estimate the reproductive health (RH) voucher program’s causal effect on quality of care by exploiting group-level differences between voucher-accredited and non-accredited facilities in 2010 and 2012. Participation in the voucher scheme since 2006 significantly improves overall quality of postnatal care by 39% (p=0.02), where quality is defined as the observable processes or components of service provision that occur during a PNC consultation. Program participation since phase I is estimated to improve the quality of observed maternal postnatal care by 86% (p=0.02), with the largest quality improvements in counselling on family planning methods (IRR 5.0; p=0.01) and return to fertility (IRR 2.6; p=0.01). Despite improvements in maternal aspects of PNC, we find a high proportion of mothers who seek PNC are not being checked by any provider after delivery. Additional strategies will be necessary to standardize provision of packaged postnatal interventions to both mother and new-born. This study addresses an important gap in the existing RH literature by using a strong evaluation design to assess RH voucher program effectiveness on quality improvement

Mismatch between furniture dimension and anthropometric measures among primary school children in Putrajaya

Ergonomic is important in classroom. Sitting for protracted period in class may lead students to develop musculoskeletal disorders. Their physical health and performance in the class may increase by designing school furniture that match with human body. In Malaysia, there is a lack of ergonomic assessment for school environment especially in urban areas. The aim of this study is to determine the mismatch between the furniture dimension and anthropometric parameters among primary school children in Putrajaya. This is a cross-sectional study which involved 100, Year 1 and Year 6 primary school students randomly selected in Putrajaya. Five anthropometric measurements (popliteal height, buttock popliteal length, elbow height, shoulder height (sitting), hip breadth) as well as five furniture dimensions (seat height, seat depth, seat width, backrest height and seat to desk height) were measured. Instrument used is Martin type anthropometer set, SECA body meter, and SECA weighing scale. Calculation for determining mismatch between the furniture and anthropometric measures were calculated using a standard mismatch formula. There was 100% mismatch for seat height, seat depth, and seat to seat to desk height for Year 1. As for Year 6, mismatch was reported 100% for backrest height and seat to desk height. There were significance difference for parameters of popliteal height between Year 1 and Year 6 and between male and female of Year 1. There was a presence of mismatch between furniture dimension and children anthropometric measurement. Proposed dimension of furniture shows decrease in percentage of mismatch for the most parameter of anthropometric measurement