The Relationship Between Characteristics of Nurse and Their Response TIME in Emergency Case in Emergency Unit of Public Health Care Kumanis Sijunjung in 2016

Response time is the time between the clients entering the room and request addressed. Response time for the patient is more and less 5 minutes. Long response time can result in a risk of death or severe injury. From the observation data obtained from health centers Kumanis Sijunjung average response time of 5-8 minutes. This study aims to examine the relationship between the characteristics of the nurse and their response time in handling an emergency case in the emergency unit of the health center Kumanis Sijunjung in 2016. This type of research was quantitative with a cross-sectional study. The population in this study was all of the nurses in the emergency unit of health center Kumanis Sijunjung. The Sampling technique was saturated sampling, who was 18 people. The instrument used was observation. The research result showed that there was no relationship between the age of the nurses and their response time (p-value = 0.02), and there was no relationship between gender and their response time (p-value = 1.000),then, there was no relationship between the education of nurses and their response time (p-value = 0909 ), and there was a relationship between a long working relationship and their response time (p-value = 0.02). Suggestions for emergency unit nurses in order to improve professionalism in serving the availability of human resources and infrastructure affect the speed of services

Cultivating capacities in community-based researchers in low-resource settings: Lessons from a participatory study on violence and mental health in Sri Lanka

Participatory methods, which rely heavily on community-based data collectors, are growing in popularity to deliver much-needed evidence on violence and mental health in low- and middle-income countries. These settings, along with local researchers, encounter the highest burden of violence and mental ill-health, with the fewest resources to respond. Despite increased focus on wellbeing for research participants and, to a lesser degree, professional researchers in such studies, the role-specific needs of community-based researchers receive scant attention. This co-produced paper draws insights from one group’s experience to identify rewards, challenges, and recommendations for supporting wellbeing and development of community-based researchers in sensitive participatory projects in low-resource settings. Twenty-one community-based researchers supporting a mixed-methods study on youth, violence and mental health in Sri Lanka submitted 63 reflexive structured journal entries across three rounds of data collection. We applied Attride-Stirling’s method for thematic analysis to explore peer researchers’ learning about research, violence and mental health; personal-professional boundaries; challenges in sensitive research; and experiences of support from the core team. Sri Lanka’s first study capturing experiences of diverse community-based researchers aims to inform the growing number of global health and development actors relying on such talent to deliver sensitive and emotionally difficult work in resource-limited and potentially volatile settings. Viewing participatory research as an opportunity for mutual learning among both community-based and professional researchers, we identify practice gaps and opportunities to foster respectful team dynamics and create generative and safe co-production projects for all parties. Intentional choices around communication, training, human and consumable resources, project design, and navigating instable research conditions can strengthen numerous personal and professional capacities across teams. Such individual and collective growth holds potential to benefit short- and long-term quality of evidence and inform action on critical issues, including violence and mental health, facing high-burden, low-resource contexts

Associations of metabolomic profiles with circulating vitamin E and urinary vitamin E metabolites in middle-aged individuals

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol [alpha-TOH] ) is transported in lipoprotein particles in blood, but little is known about the transportation of its oxidized metabolites. In the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study, we aimed to investigate the associations of 147 circulating metabolomic measures obtained through targeted nuclear magnetic resonance with serum alpha-TOH and its urinary enzymatic (alpha-CEHC) and oxidized (alpha-TLHQ) metabolites from 24-h urine quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression analyses, in which multiple testing was taken into account, were performed to assess associations between metabolomic measures (determinants; standardized to mean = 0, SD = 1) and vitamin E metabolites (outcomes), adjusted for demographic factors. We analyzed 474 individuals (55% women, 45% men) with a mean (SD) age of 55.7 (6.0) y. Out of 147 metabolomic measures, 106 were associated (P < 1.34 x 10(3)) with serum alpha-TOH (median beta [interquartile range] = 0.416 [0.383-0.466]), predominantly lipoproteins associated with higher alpha-TOH. The associations of metabolomic measures with urinary alpha-CEHC have directions similar to those with alpha-TOH, but effect sizes were smaller and non-significant (median beta [interquartile range] = 0.065 [0.047-0.084]). However, associations of metabolomic measures with urinary alpha-TLHQ were markedly different from those with both serum alpha-TOH and urinary alpha-CEHC, with negative and small-to-null relations to most very-low-density lipoproteins and amino acids. Therefore, our results highlight the differences in the lipoproteins involved in the transportation of circulating alpha-TOH and oxidized vitamin E metabolites. This indicates that circulating alpha-TOH may be representative of the enzymatic but not the antioxidative function of vitamin E. (C) 2021 The Author( s). Published by Elsevier Inc.Clinical epidemiolog

E‌F‌F‌E‌C‌T O‌F P‌R‌E‌S‌T‌R‌E‌S‌S‌I‌N‌G O‌N C‌O‌N‌C‌R‌E‌T‌E B‌R‌I‌D‌G‌E C‌O‌L‌U‌M‌N‌S

P‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d r‌e‌i‌n‌f‌o‌r‌c‌e‌d c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌u‌r‌a‌l c‌o‌m‌p‌o‌n‌e‌n‌t‌s a‌r‌e v‌e‌r‌y c‌o‌m‌m‌o‌n‌l‌y u‌s‌e‌d i‌n c‌o‌n‌s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n o‌f c‌i‌v‌i‌l‌i‌a‌n a‌n‌d m‌i‌l‌i‌t‌a‌r‌y s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌u‌r‌e‌s. T‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌o‌m‌p‌o‌n‌e‌n‌t‌s, s‌u‌c‌h a‌s r‌e‌i‌n‌f‌o‌r‌c‌e‌d c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e c‌o‌l‌u‌m‌n‌s, b‌e‌a‌m‌s, a‌n‌d b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e d‌e‌c‌k‌s, o‌u‌t‌p‌e‌r‌f‌o‌r‌m t‌h‌e n‌o‌n-p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌o‌m‌p‌o‌n‌e‌n‌t‌s b‌e‌c‌a‌u‌s‌e o‌f t‌h‌e f‌o‌l‌l‌o‌w‌i‌n‌g r‌e‌a‌s‌o‌n‌s. A p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d m‌e‌m‌b‌e‌r h‌a‌s h‌i‌g‌h‌e‌r s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌u‌r‌a‌l s‌t‌i‌f‌f‌n‌e‌s‌s a‌n‌d m‌o‌r‌e l‌o‌a‌d b‌e‌a‌r‌i‌n‌g c‌a‌p‌a‌c‌i‌t‌y a‌s w‌e‌l‌l a‌s b‌e‌t‌t‌e‌r c‌r‌a‌c‌k r‌e‌s‌i‌s‌t‌a‌n‌c‌e c‌o‌m‌p‌a‌r‌e‌d t‌o n‌o‌n-p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d o‌n‌e‌s.T‌h‌i‌s s‌t‌u‌d‌y f‌o‌c‌u‌s‌e‌s o‌n e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t o‌f u‌s‌i‌n‌g p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌a‌b‌l‌e‌s i‌n b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e p‌i‌e‌r‌s. D‌i‌f‌f‌e‌r‌e‌n‌t e‌l‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t‌s, s‌u‌c‌h a‌s t‌h‌e b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e h‌e‌i‌g‌h‌t, p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌n‌g l‌o‌a‌d‌s, a‌n‌d c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌o‌n c‌a‌p‌a‌c‌i‌t‌y o‌f c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e, a‌r‌e t‌a‌k‌e‌n u‌n‌d‌e‌r i‌n‌v‌e‌s‌t‌i‌g‌a‌t‌i‌o‌n f‌o‌r a c‌h‌o‌s‌e‌n s‌a‌m‌p‌l‌e c‌a‌s‌e - ``f‌o‌r‌g'' b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e- l‌o‌c‌a‌t‌e‌d i‌n s‌o‌u‌t‌h o‌f I‌r‌a‌n. T‌o i‌n‌v‌e‌s‌t‌i‌g‌a‌t‌e t‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌a‌b‌l‌e‌s f‌u‌n‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n i‌n b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e p‌i‌e‌r‌s w‌i‌t‌h r‌e‌g‌a‌r‌d t‌o a‌f‌o‌r‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t‌i‌o‌n‌e‌d e‌l‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t‌s, t‌h‌e s‌u‌b‌j‌e‌c‌t b‌r‌i‌d‌g‌e i‌s m‌o‌d‌e‌l‌e‌d i‌n S‌A‌P s‌o‌f‌t‌w‌a‌r‌e. A‌f‌t‌e‌r p‌e‌r‌f‌o‌r‌m‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e s‌p‌e‌c‌t‌r‌a‌l a‌n‌a‌l‌y‌s‌i‌s, d‌a‌t‌a f‌o‌r c‌o‌l‌u‌m‌n‌s w‌i‌t‌h a‌n‌d w‌i‌t‌h‌o‌u‌t t‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌a‌b‌l‌e‌s w‌e‌r‌e c‌o‌l‌l‌e‌c‌t‌e‌d. A‌c‌q‌u‌i‌r‌e‌d d‌a‌t‌a w‌e‌r‌e t‌h‌e‌n a‌n‌a‌l‌y‌z‌e‌d u‌s‌i‌n‌g A‌B‌A‌Q‌U‌S s‌o‌f‌t‌w‌a‌r‌e. R‌e‌s‌u‌l‌t‌s o‌f t‌h‌i‌s a‌n‌a‌l‌y‌s‌i‌s s‌h‌o‌w t‌h‌a‌t p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e c‌o‌l‌u‌m‌n‌s h‌a‌d l‌e‌s‌s m‌o‌v‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t i‌n a‌l‌l t‌h‌r‌e‌e a‌x‌e‌s (X, Y, a‌n‌d Z). F‌u‌r‌t‌h‌e‌r s‌t‌u‌d‌i‌e‌s a‌l‌s‌o r‌e‌v‌e‌a‌l t‌h‌a‌t s‌a‌m‌p‌l‌e‌s w‌i‌t‌h p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d c‌a‌b‌l‌e‌s h‌a‌d l‌e‌s‌s d‌a‌m‌a‌g‌e‌s c‌o‌m‌p‌a‌r‌e‌d t‌o t‌h‌e n‌o‌n-p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d o‌n‌e‌s. S‌t‌u‌d‌i‌e‌s a‌l‌s‌o p‌r‌o‌v‌e‌d t‌h‌a‌t i‌n‌c‌r‌e‌a‌s‌i‌n‌g t‌h‌e p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌n‌g l‌o‌a‌d w‌o‌u‌l‌d r‌e‌s‌u‌l‌t i‌n l‌e‌s‌s m‌e‌m‌b‌e‌r d‌i‌s‌p‌l‌a‌c‌e‌m‌e‌n‌t‌s, l‌e‌s‌s m‌e‌m‌b‌e‌r d‌e‌f‌e‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n, a‌n‌d a‌l‌s‌o l‌e‌s‌s s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s i‌n t‌h‌e s‌e‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n. T‌h‌e‌s‌e a‌d‌v‌a‌n‌t‌a‌g‌e‌s a‌r‌e m‌o‌r‌e e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t‌i‌v‌e i‌n t‌h‌e d‌i‌r‌e‌c‌t‌i‌o‌n o‌f Y a‌x‌i‌s t‌h‌a‌n t‌h‌e o‌t‌h‌e‌r a‌x‌e‌s. A‌s f‌o‌r t‌h‌e e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t o‌f t‌h‌e s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌u‌r‌e h‌e‌i‌g‌h‌t, s‌a‌m‌p‌l‌e‌s f‌r‌o‌m s‌h‌o‌r‌t‌e‌r c‌o‌l‌u‌m‌n‌s t‌e‌n‌d t‌o h‌a‌v‌e m‌i‌n‌o‌r d‌a‌m‌a‌g‌e a‌n‌d s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s a‌n‌d, i‌n g‌e‌n‌e‌r‌a‌l, b‌e‌t‌t‌e‌r b‌e‌h‌a‌v‌i‌o‌r i‌n c‌o‌m‌p‌a‌r‌i‌s‌o‌n t‌o t‌h‌e s‌a‌m‌p‌l‌e‌s f‌r‌o‌m l‌o‌n‌g‌e‌r c‌o‌l‌u‌m‌n‌s.I‌n a‌d‌d‌i‌t‌i‌o‌n, c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌v‌e s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h p‌l‌a‌y‌s a‌n i‌m‌p‌o‌r‌t‌a‌n‌t r‌o‌l‌e i‌n p‌r‌e‌s‌t‌r‌e‌s‌s‌e‌d m‌e‌m‌b‌e‌r‌s b‌e‌h‌a‌v‌i‌o‌r; h‌o‌w‌e‌v‌e‌r, u‌n‌c‌o‌n‌t‌r‌o‌l‌l‌e‌d i‌n‌c‌r‌e‌a‌s‌e i‌n c‌o‌n‌c‌r‌e‌t‌e c‌o‌m‌p‌r‌e‌s‌s‌i‌v‌e s‌t‌r‌e‌n‌g‌t‌h c‌o‌u‌l‌d h‌a‌v‌e a n‌e‌g‌a‌t‌i‌v‌e e‌f‌f‌e‌c‌t o‌n t‌h‌e s‌t‌r‌u‌c‌t‌u‌r‌e b‌e‌h‌a‌v‌i‌o‌r

Jointly modelling longitudinally measured urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin and early pregnancy outcomes

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is largely used to confirm pregnancy. Yet evidence shows that longitudinal hCG profiles are distinguishable between healthy and failing pregnancies. We retrospectively fitted a joint longitudinal-survival model to data from 127 (85 healthy and 42 failing pregnancies) US women, aged 18–45, who were attempting to conceive, to quantify the association between longitudinally measured urinary hCG and early miscarriage. Using subject-specific predictions, obtained uniquely from the joint model, we investigated the plausibility of adaptively monitoring early pregnancy outcomes based on updating hCG measurements. Volunteers collected daily early morning urine samples for their menstrual cycle and up to 28 days post day of missed period. The longitudinal submodel for log hCG included a random intercept and slope and fixed linear and quadratic time terms. The survival submodel included maternal age and cycle length covariates. Unit increases in log hCG corresponded to a 63.9% (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16, 0.47) decrease in the risk of miscarriage, confirming a strong association between hCG and miscarriage. Outputted conditional survival probabilities gave individualised risk estimates for the early pregnancy outcomes in the short term. However, longer term monitoring would require a larger sample size and prospectively followed up data, focusing on emerging extensions to the joint model, which allow assessment of the specificity and sensitivity

UWB LOCALIZATION OF NODES FOR SECURING A MANET

ABSTRACT Localization of nodes in an infrastructure less network serves many purposes. Several issues relating to security, routing, etc it can be solved if only the actual location of nodes were known. Existing approaches estimate the location of a node in a network by using received signal strength indicator (RSSI), Time of Arrival, Time difference of Arrival and, if directional antennas are available, Direction of Arrival. In these methods the localization accuracy is less (in the order of 20cm). The aim of this paper is to localize nodes in adhoc networks with improved accuracy using ultra wide band.The proposed method uses a train of low amplitude pulses of high bandwidth, which reduces the energy consumption, effects due to small scale fading, and dispersion in time and frequency. The network was simulated in NS-2 with UWB extension and the localization accuracy was found to be improved (upto 1cm)