Clinicopathological Profile of Sinonasal Tumors – A Five Year Study.

The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses including the maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid and frontal sinuses are collectively referred to as the sinonasal tract. The sinonasal tract is anatomically and embryologically distinct from the nasopharynx. Although the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx have identical appearing ciliated respiratory epithelium, the epithelium of the sinonasal tract is ectodermally derived, while that of nasopharynx is endodermally derived. This embryologic difference may be a factor in the development of certain epithelial lesions unique to these surfaces eg.schneiderian papillomas of sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal carcinomas.7 The mucosa of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is often referred to as schneiderian mucosa to emphasize its ectodermal origin as opposed to the endodermal origin of the morphologically identical mucosa lining the rest of the respiratory tract. Nasal stroma is well vascularised fibromuscular tissue. This is occasionally misinterpreted as a vascular malformation or a vascular tumour. In the paranasal sinuses a layer of thin cancellous bone supports this mucosal and stromal arrangement.8 Tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are rare pathologies with extremely varied etiopathology,clinical behaviour,treatment and prognosis. The symptoms of the neoplastic processes are essentially similar to inflammatory pathology of the sinonasal tract with resultant delay of diagnosis. The clinical and radiological features of masses of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are overlapping and often only a provisional diagnosis is possible. Definite diagnosis requires histopathological examination as most of the lesions are inaccessible for fine needle aspiration or FNAC is not recommended because of fear of haemorrhage. In our attempt at a comprehensive analysis of 200 sinonasal tumors a heterogenous and a wide variety of benign and malignant neoplasms were encountered. Rare entities like craniopharyngioma,schwannoma and osteoid osteoma among benign tumors and malignant melanoma,fibrosarcoma, metastatic clear cell carcinoma among malignant tumors were reported. To conclude, categorizing the sinonasal tumors according to histopathological features into various types helps us to understand the clinical presentation, treatment, clinical outcome and prognosis. The key in the diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal tumors remains a high index of suspicion and early diagnosis, as late presentation and delay in early diagnosis are major constraints to favourable outcome of treatment

Studies on the proteinaceous gel secretion from the skin of the catfish, Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792)

The Catfish Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792) causes injury to the fisherman while handling the fish and it was proven that the skin mucus of the fish have several properties including the toxicity. In the present study, the biochemical property of the catfish skin mucus was characterized and it was found that the protein content of the soluble and insoluble fractions were 9.34 and 12.64 ìg/g, respectively. The total lipid was 0.005 ìg/g and the total carbohydrate was 0.08 ìg/g. Of the total 17 amino acids recorded, cysteine availability was very low; 0.01 and 0.02 mole % in the soluble and insoluble fractions, respectively. Leucine was available in high quantity (9.8 mole %) in the soluble fraction and aspartic acid (9.0 mole %) was high in the insoluble fraction. On SDS-PAGE analysis, seven and six bands with a distinct band at 35 KDa in the soluble and insoluble fractions, respectively, were observed. On haemolytic activity, lysis was observed by 50 ìg/ml of insoluble fraction and 25 ìg/ml of soluble fraction. Both soluble and insoluble fractions showed maximum and minimum activities against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aueruginosa, respectively

Morphological, micro and macro nutrient analysis of the medicinal plant glory lily (Gloriosa superba L.)

In this study the three different treated tuber and seed samples of Glory lily were collected from farmer field's of Udayarpalayam and analyzed for the possible presence of colchicines using SEM technique. The results of SEM have shown that the presence of elements Ca and Fe are found only in Organic Manure Treatment. Also the quantitative estimation of EDX spectra observation confirms the percentage of Zn in Organic Manure Treatment (T3) was the highest among all the treatments. In conclusion from the results, Glory Lily may be considered as colchicines sources for the chemical constituents of medicine industry. Further it would be useful of producing high amount of colchicines for pest control based on natural products

FTIR spectroscoptc study and antifungal activity of the medicinal plant glory lily (Gloriosa superba)

In this present study, the presence of the phyto compound (i.e.) Colchicine and other chemical constituents present in three different treated tuber and seed samples of Glory Lily (Gloriosa superbd) was confirmed using FTIR. An attempt has been made to correlate the extinction coefficient (K) values of all the samples. And also the samples were extensively studied for their antifungal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella phemoniae, and Salmonella typhi. The results indicated that the Organic Manure treated samples were highly active against the three fungi

Federated learning with hybrid differential privacy for secure and reliable cross-IoT platform knowledge sharing

The federated learning has gained prominent attention as a collaborative machine learning method, allowing multiple users to jointly train a shared model without directly exchanging raw data. This research addresses the fundamental challenge of balancing data privacy and utility in distributed learning by introducing an innovative hybrid methodology fusing differential privacy with federated learning(HDP-FL) Through meticulous experimentation on EMNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, this hybrid approach yields substantial advancements, showcasing a noteworthy 4.22% and up to 9.39% enhancement in model accuracy for EMNIST and CIFAR-10, respectively, compared to conventional federated learning methods. Our adjustments to parameters highlighted how noise impacts privacy, showcasing the effectiveness of our hybrid DP approach in striking a balance between privacy and accuracy. Assessments across diverse FL techniques and client counts emphasized this trade-off, particularly in non-IID data settings, where our hybrid method effectively countered accuracy declines. Comparative analyses against standard machine learning and state-of-the-art FL approaches consistently showcased the superiority of our proposed model, achieving impressive accuracies of 96.29% for EMNIST and 82.88% for CIFAR-10. These insights offer a strategic approach to securely collaborate and share knowledge among IoT devices without compromising data privacy, ensuring efficient and reliable learning mechanisms across decentralized networks

Cobalt(III), nickel(II) and ruthenium(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline family of ligands: DNA binding and photocleavage studies

DNA binding and photocleavage characteristics of a series of mixed-ligand complexes of the type [M(phen)2LL]n+ (where M = Co(III), Ni(II) or Ru(II), LL = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), phenanthroline-dione (phen-dione) or dipyridophenazine (dppz) andn = 3 or 2) have been investigated in detail. Various physico-chemical and biochemical techniques including UV/Visible, fluorescence and viscometric titration, thermal denaturation, and differential pulse voltammetry have been employed to probe the details of DNA binding by these complexes; intrinsic binding constants (Kb) have been estimated under a similar set of experimental conditions. Analysis of the results suggests that intercalative ability of the coordinated ligands varies as dppz>phen>phen-dione in this series of complexes. While the Co(II) and Ru(II) complexes investigated in this study effect photocleavage of the supercoiled pBR 322 DNA, the corresponding Ni(II) complexes are found to be inactive under similar experimental conditions. Results of detailed investigations carried out inquiring into the mechanistic aspects of DNA photocleavage by [Co(phen)2(dppz)]3+ have also been reported

Analysis of SPWM Technique for Solar Inverter

Reactive power control is necessary to maintain power system stable. In a three phase grid connected PV system, the inverter should regulate the reactive power. Low Voltage Ride Through has to be done to ensure the system stability in fault conditions. Fault current has to be limited. In this paper, we propose a control strategy for grid connected solar PV inverter. The system study is done under LVRT condition. The strategy is based on current loop under single axis dq rotating coordinate system. Grid connected PV systems has a three phase inverter fed by DC-DC converter which will take care of maximum power point. In this project, a 100kW PV system is studied. The entire system is simulated and analysed using MATLAB Simulink software