Brain BE concentration (mean ±SEM) in NZB and CBA/H and their consomic strains for <i>Y^NPAR</i>.

<p>The N.H-<i>Y^NPAR</i> differs only from the NZB by the <i>Y^NPAR</i> from CBA/H, and the H.N- <i>Y^NPAR</i> differs only from the CBA/H by the <i>Y^NPAR</i> from NZB. Partial comparisons with Student's t test showed that the parental NZB and CBA/H strains differed significantly (<i>P</i><0.05), and each parental strain differed significantly from its consomic strain (CBA/H <i>vs.</i>H.N-<i>Y^NPAR</i>: <i>P</i><0.001; NZB <i>vs.</i> N.H-<i>Y^NPAR</i>: <i>P</i><0.01); <i>n</i> = 5 animals for each strain, except for NZB (<i>n</i> = 6); <i>SEM</i> = standard error of the mean.</p

Brain β-Endorphin and plasma Testosterone concentrations (Mean ± SEM) in 11 inbred mouse strains (<i>n</i> = 5).

<p><i>Note:</i> Comparisons between the 11 strains for β-Endorphin and Testosterone concentrations were performed using ANOVA with F values indicated in the table; <i>n</i> = 5 animals for each strain, except for NBZ/BINj (<i>n</i> = 6); <i>SEM</i> = standard error of the mean.</p

Plasma testosterone concentration (mean ±SEM) in NZB and CBA/H and their consomic strains for <i>Y^NPAR</i>.

<p>The N.H-<i>Y^NPAR</i> differs only from the NZB by the <i>Y^NPAR</i> from CBA/H, and the H.N-<i>Y^NPAR</i> differs only from the CBA/H by the <i>Y^NPAR</i> from NZB. Partial comparisons with Student's t test showed that the parental NZB and CBA/H strains differed significantly (<i>P</i><0.0001), and the parental NZB strain differed significantly from its consomic strain (NZB <i>vs.</i> N.H-<i>Y^NPAR</i>: <i>P</i><0.001); <i>n</i> = 10 animals for each strain; <i>SEM</i> = standard error of the mean.</p

Lower incidence of fracture after IV bisphosphonates in girls with Rett syndrome and severe bone fragility - Fig 4

<p><b>Changes in the biochemical markers of bone resorption over the course of treatment</b> (panel <b>A</b>: urinary calcium; panel <b>B</b>: deoxypyridinoline; panel <b>C</b>: Crosslaps).</p

Changes in BMI over the course of treatment.

<p>Changes in BMI over the course of treatment.</p

Main characteristics of the healthy volunteers according to sex.

<p>Main characteristics of the healthy volunteers according to sex.</p

Sites of the 37 fractures that occurred in the period preceding the bisphosphonate therapy.

<p>Sites of the 37 fractures that occurred in the period preceding the bisphosphonate therapy.</p

Evolution of BMD.

<p>Changes in BMD at the lumbar spine in 18 RS patients from baseline to the end of treatment (after) and up to the last post-treatment visit (follow-up). Data are not shown for two patients who had spine arthrodesis preventing DXA at the vertebrae. Note that one patient has a normal BMD at start of therapy (z-score: -0.1); she had low BMD z-scores at the femoral necks (-2). The shaded area indicates the normal range.</p

The human plasma-metabolome: Reference values in 800 French healthy volunteers; impact of cholesterol, gender and age

<div><p>Metabolomic approaches are increasingly used to identify new disease biomarkers, yet normal values of many plasma metabolites remain poorly defined. The aim of this study was to define the “normal” metabolome in healthy volunteers. We included 800 French volunteers aged between 18 and 86, equally distributed according to sex, free of any medication and considered healthy on the basis of their medical history, clinical examination and standard laboratory tests. We quantified 185 plasma metabolites, including amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins and hexose, using tandem mass spectrometry with the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit. Principal components analysis was applied to identify the main factors responsible for metabolome variability and orthogonal projection to latent structures analysis was employed to confirm the observed patterns and identify pattern-related metabolites. We established a plasma metabolite reference dataset for 144/185 metabolites. Total blood cholesterol, gender and age were identified as the principal factors explaining metabolome variability. High total blood cholesterol levels were associated with higher plasma sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines concentrations. Compared to women, men had higher concentrations of creatinine, branched-chain amino acids and lysophosphatidylcholines, and lower concentrations of sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines. Elderly healthy subjects had higher sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines plasma levels than young subjects. We established reference human metabolome values in a large and well-defined population of French healthy volunteers. This study provides an essential baseline for defining the “normal” metabolome and its main sources of variation.</p></div

Characteristics of the 20 patients at the start of bisphosphonate therapy.

<p>Characteristics of the 20 patients at the start of bisphosphonate therapy.</p