Flavoring agents present in a dentifrice can modify volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) formation in morning bad breath

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a flavor-containing dentifrice on the formation of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) in morning bad breath. A two-step, blinded, crossover, randomized study was carried out in 50 dental students with a healthy periodontium divided into two experimental groups: flavor-containing dentifrice (test) and non-flavor-containing dentifrice (control). The volunteers received the designated dentifrice and a new toothbrush for a 3 X/day brushing regimen for 2 periods of 30 days. A seven-day washout interval was used between the periods. The assessed parameters were: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), organoleptic breath scores (ORG), VSC levels (as measured by a portable sulphide monitor) before (H1) and after (H2) cleaning of the tongue, tongue coating (TC) wet weight and BANA test from TC samples. The intra-group analysis showed a decrease in ORG, from 3 to 2, after 30 days for the test group (p < 0.05). The inter-group analysis showed lower values in ORG, H1 and H2 for the test group (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the amount of TC between groups and the presence of flavor also did not interfere in the BANA results between groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that a flavor-containing dentifrice seems to prevent VSCs formation in morning bad breath regardless of the amount of TC in periodontally healthy subjects

From handcrafting to a certified and ergonomic collaborative workstation: the digital transformation process

As manufacturing enters an era of mass customization, new technological solutions with more versatility and flexibility are brought to the industry. Collaborative robots, or COBOTs, can now safely work near humans, a key advantage that enables highly-flexible production and opens the possibility to tackle the incidence of occupational health problems. Although the advantages of collaborative robotic manufacturing have been extensively praised, adapting a manual production workstation to integrate robotic technology is far from being a linear and easy process. In this work, we explore this delicate balance between the ergonomic, production, and safety requirements in the design of a new collaborative cell. We explain the different steps of this digital transformation process and the thought process behind human-robot task allocation to maximize the collaborative robot efficiency while improving the work conditions. This work describes the development of a certified and production-ready collaborative workstation based on ergonomic criteria. Results show a significant reduction in the global ergonomic risk score associated with the workers' actions and postures and an increase in production quotas, compared to the previous manual process.This work was supported by NORTE-06-3559-FSE-000018, integrated into the invitation NORTE-59-2018-41, aiming to hire highly-qualified human resources, co-financed by the Regional Operational Programme of the North 2020, thematic area of Competitiveness and Employment, through the European Social Fund (ESF)

Innovation management and port governance: An approach to models and practices in the world

The main objective of the research was to prospect the state of the art in the management of innovation and port governance in order to identify models and practices in the different ports around the world, through the international scientific bases Web of Science and Scopus, which allowed the exploratory study. More specifically, we sought to raise the level of development in the field of scientific production in the areas of innovation management and port governance. Scientometric methods were applied to prepare graphs that reflect the treatment of data and information generated from selected publications, as well as the search in the patent database of the National Institute of Industrial Property – INPI. In general, a gap in scientific production related to the researched field of knowledge was evidenced, which may be associated with the low level of port innovations which, therefore, may also reverberate in the search for patent protection. Thus, it is recommended that scientific productions be encouraged to support innovations in the port sector, in addition to incremental innovations, playing a prominent role in the collaborative action of agents in the port cluster and scientific, technological and innovation institutions (ICTs)

Histone Methylation/Demethylation Inhibition Modulates Sleep

Histone methylation/demethylation plays an important modulatory role in chromatin restructuring, RNA transcription and is essential for controlling a plethora of biological processes. Due to many human diseases have been related to histone methylation/demethylation, several compounds such as 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) or 3-((6-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-benzo[d]azepin-3(2H)-yl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propanoic acid; N-[2-(2-pyridinyl)-6-(1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3H-3-benzazepin-3-yl)-4-pyrimidinyl]-b-Alanine (GSK-J1), have been designed to inhibit histone methylase or suppress histone demethylase, respectively. In the present study, we investigated the effects on the sleep-wake cycle and sleep-related neurochemical levels after systemic injections of DZNep or GSK-J1 given during the light or dark phase in rats. DZNep dose-dependently (0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) prolonged wakefulness (W) duration while decreased slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) time spent during the lights-on period with no changes observed in dark phase. In opposite direction, GSK-J1 (0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) injected at the beginning of the lights-on period induced no statistical changes in W, SWS, or REMS whereas if administered at darkness, we found a diminution in W and an enhancement in SWS and REMS. Finally, brain microdialysis experiments in freely moving animals were used to evaluate the effects of DZNep or GSK-J1 treatments on contents of sleep-related neurochemicals. The results showed that DZNep boosted extracellular levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, adenosine, and acetylcholine if injected at the beginning of the lights-on period whereas GSK-J1 exerted similar outcomes but when administered at darkness. In summary, DZNep and GSK-J1 may control the sleep-wake cycle and sleep-related neurochemicals through histone methylation/demethylation activity

Bp-13 Pla2: Purification And Neuromuscular Activity Of A New Asp49 Toxin Isolated From Bothrops Pauloensis Snake Venom.

A new PLA2 (Bp-13) was purified from Bothrops pauloensis snake venom after a single chromatographic step of RP-HPLC on μ-Bondapak C-18. Amino acid analysis showed a high content of hydrophobic and basic amino acids and 14 half-cysteine residues. The N-terminal sequence showed a high degree of homology with basic Asp49 PLA2 myotoxins from other Bothrops venoms. Bp-13 showed allosteric enzymatic behavior and maximal activity at pH 8.1, 36°-45°C. Full Bp-13 PLA2 activity required Ca(2+); its PLA2 activity was inhibited by Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Sr(2+), and Cd(2+) in the presence and absence of 1 mM Ca(2+). In the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PND) preparation, the time for 50% paralysis was concentration-dependent (P 0.05). The main effect of this new Asp49 PLA2 of Bothrops pauloensis venom is on muscle fiber sarcolemma, with avian preparation being less responsive than rodent preparation. The study enhances biochemical and pharmacological characterization of B. pauloensis venom.201582605

A synthetic three-dimensional pelvic model as an effective didactic tool compared to cadaveric pelvis

Anatomy is considered a fundamental subject of medical education. Practical classes which involve the use of manipulable anatomic components are essential to teaching and learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synthetic pelvic model (SPM) as a didactic tool, compared to the traditionally- -used cadaveric pelvis (CP), as well as student satisfaction in relation to both methods. Sixty-seven students were given a theory class following the preliminary theoretical test (PTT). The study sample was randomized in three groups: G1 had a traditional practical class (TPC); G2 had a practical class with SPM (PCS); and G3 had no practical class. A final test (FTT) was applied to all the groups. G1 and G2 were subjected to method evaluation (ME). Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Mann-Whitney U test. In the FTT, G3 presented scores lower than G1 (p = 0.041) and G2 (p = 0.000). No statistically significant difference was found between G1 and G2 (p >0.05). G2 presented greater satisfaction with the method (p = 0.001). In conclusion, both CP and SPM proved to be effective didactic tools and student satisfaction was greater with G2.A anatomia é considerada matéria essencial à educação médica. Aulas práticas com uso de componentes anatômicos manipuláveis são fundamentais ao ensino e à aprendizagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o Modelo Sintético de Pelve (Masp) como ferramenta didática, comparada à pelve cadavérica (PC) tradicionalmente utilizada, bem como a satisfação dos estudantes em relação a ambos os métodos. Sessenta e sete estudantes receberam aula teórica após teste teórico preliminar (TTP). Foram randomizados em três grupos: G1 teve aula prática tradicional (APT); G2, aula prática com Masp (APM); e G3 não teve aula prática. Um teste final (TTF) foi aplicado a todos os grupos. G1 e G2 submeteram-se à avaliação do método (AM). A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando-se Anova (Análise de Variância) e teste não paramétrico Mann-Whitney. No TTF, G3 apresentou escores mais baixos do que G1 (p = 0,041) e G2 (p = 0,000). Não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante entre G1 e G2 (p >0,05). G2 apresentou maior satisfação com o método (p = 0,001). Concluiu-se que PC e Masp provaram ser ferramentas didáticas efetivas e que G2 mostrou maior satisfação.502506

Biological characterization of Bothrops marajoensis snake venom

This study describes the effects of Bothrops marajoensis venom (Marajó lancehead) on isolated neuromuscular preparations of chick biventer cervicis (CBC) and mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PND). At low concentrations (1µg/ml for CBC and 5µg/ml for PND), the venom exhibited a neuromuscular blocking without any damaging effect on the muscle integrity. At higher concentration (20μg/ml for PND), together with the neuromuscular blockade, there was a moderate myonecrosis. The results show differences between mammalian and avian preparations in response to venom concentration; the avian preparation was more sensitive to venom neurotoxic effect than the mammalian preparation. The possible presynaptic mechanism underlying the neuromuscular blocking effect was reinforced by the observed increase in MEPPs at the same time (at 15min) when the facilitation of twitch tension occurred. These results indicate that the B. marajoensis venom produced neuromuscular blockade, which appeared to be presynaptic at low concentrations with a postsynaptic component at high concentrations, leading to muscle oedema. These observations demand the fractionation of the crude venom and characterization of its active components for a better understanding of its biological dynamics

Influência de Ciclos de Autoclavagem na Velocidade de Absorção de Cones de Papel Absorvente – Análise “in vitro"

A presença de umidade no interior do sistema de canais radiculares após o preparo químico-mecânico e sua desinfecção pode influenciar no selamento apical e no êxito da obturação endodôntica. A manobra de secagem do canal radicular é obtida com eficiência pela utilização de cones de papel absorvente e, dentre as qualidades exigidas destes, ressalta-se a capacidade de absorção. Porém, para sua utilização, esses cones precisam ser esterilizados e esse procedimento não deve inferir alterações em suas propriedades. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar “in vitro” a influência do número de esterilizações em autoclave sobre a velocidade de absorção dos cones de papel absorvente da marca Endo Points. Foram analisados 120 cones de papel, de número 40 de estandardização, divididos em 4 grupos de 30 cones e submetidos a zero, um, três e cinco ciclos de esterilização em autoclave. A velocidade de absorção foi determinada segundo a metodologia proposta por Holland et al. (1988). A velocidade média de absorção dos cones de papel foi de 13,86 segundos para o grupo 1 (controle), 8,63 segundos para o grupo 2 (um ciclo de esterilização), de 7,1 segundos para o grupo 3 (três ciclos de esterilização) e de 7,33 segundos para o grupo 4 (cinco ciclos de esterilização). Pôde-se concluir que, apesar de não existir significância estatística entre os valores dos grupos 2, 3 e 4, segundo o teste t de Student (p<0,05), quando comparados ao grupo 1 (controle –sem esterilização), o uso da autoclave gera diferença significativa, ou seja, melhora o poder de absorção dos cones de papel absorvente da marca Endo Points

Sleep and Neurochemical Modulation by DZNep and GSK-J1: Potential Link With Histone Methylation Status

Histone methylation/demethylation plays an important modulatory role in chromatin restructuring, RNA transcription and is essential for controlling a plethora of biological processes. Due to many human diseases have been related to histone methylation/demethylation, several compounds such as 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) or 3-((6-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-benzo[d]azepin-3(2H)-yl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propanoic acid; N-[2-(2-pyridinyl)-6-(1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3H-3-benzazepin-3-yl)-4-pyrimidinyl]-β-Alanine (GSK-J1), have been designed to inhibit histone methylase or suppress histone demethylase, respectively. In the present study, we investigated the effects on the sleep-wake cycle and sleep-related neurochemical levels after systemic injections of DZNep or GSK-J1 given during the light or dark phase in rats. DZNep dose-dependently (0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) prolonged wakefulness (W) duration while decreased slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) time spent during the lights-on period with no changes observed in dark phase. In opposite direction, GSK-J1 (0.1, 1.0, or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) injected at the beginning of the lights-on period induced no statistical changes in W, SWS, or REMS whereas if administered at darkness, we found a diminution in W and an enhancement in SWS and REMS. Finally, brain microdialysis experiments in freely moving animals were used to evaluate the effects of DZNep or GSK-J1 treatments on contents of sleep-related neurochemicals. The results showed that DZNep boosted extracellular levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, adenosine, and acetylcholine if injected at the beginning of the lights-on period whereas GSK-J1 exerted similar outcomes but when administered at darkness. In summary, DZNep and GSK-J1 may control the sleep-wake cycle and sleep-related neurochemicals through histone methylation/demethylation activity

EXPERIÊNCIAS DE ESTÁGIO EM COMPUTAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DO ENSINO MÉDIO: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES

Este trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar as experiências da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado em Computação II, no curso de graduação de Licenciatura em Computação de Coari (NESCOA), da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA). As atividades, foram realizados no Instituto Federal (IFAM) na cidade de Coari – Amazonas. A atual disciplina oferece experiências na área docente, fazendo com que o estagiário tenha que cumprir 03 (três) etapas fundamentais no decorrer do processor, sendo elas: 1ª Observação, inclui a oportunidade de observar o docente no seu âmbito de trabalho, 2ª Coparticipação, adentrando em sala de aula com o auxílio do docente participando ativamente das aulas e pôr fim a 3ª Regência, por meio das experiências de intervenções dos estagiários com os discentes com a  finalidade de solucionar desafios por intermédio do uso das tecnologias no ensino. O trabalho aborda uma natureza descritiva qualitativa as quais relatam de maneira contextualizada as experiências vivenciadas na prática do estágio. As Tecnologia Digitais de Informação e Comunicação, (TDIC) na educação englobam várias ferramentas, como computadores, dispositivos móveis, internet, softwares educacionais, plataformas de aprendizagem online, recursos digitais, realidade virtual e aumentada, entre outros. A metodologia permite que os alunos tenham essa alfabetização tecnológica de maneira correta. Nossas considerações vêm por meio das experiências vivenciadas no âmbito institucional e em sala de aula compartilhando nossos conhecimentos das TDIC com os professores e alunos.This work aims to present the experiences of the discipline of Supervised Internship in Computing II, in the undergraduate course of Degree in Computing of Coari (NESCOA), of the University of the State of Amazonas (UEA). The activities were held at the Federal Institute (IFAM) in the city of Coari – Amazonas. The current discipline offers experiences in the teaching area, making the trainee have to fulfill 03 (three) fundamental steps in the course of the process, being: 1st Observation, includes the opportunity to observe the teacher in his scope of work, 2nd Co-participation, entering the classroom with the help of the teacher actively participating in classes and put an end to the 3rd Regency, through the experiences of interventions of the trainees with the students in order to solve challenges through the use of technologies in teaching. The work approaches a qualitative descriptive nature which report in a contextualized way the experiences lived in the practice of the internship. The Digital Information and Communication Technology (TDIC) in education encompasses various tools, such as computers, mobile devices, internet, educational software, online learning platforms, digital resources, virtual and augmented reality, among others. The methodology allows students to have this technological literacy in the right way. Our considerations come through the experiences lived in the institutional and classroom sharing our knowledge of TDIC with teachers and students.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar las experiencias de la disciplina de Pasantía Supervisada en Computación II, en el curso de pregrado de Licenciatura en Computación de Coari (NESCOA), de la Universidad del Estado de Amazonas (UEA). Las actividades se realizaron en el Instituto Federal (IFAM) en la ciudad de Coari – Amazonas. La disciplina actual ofrece experiencias en el área de enseñanza, haciendo que el aprendiz tenga que cumplir 03 (tres) pasos fundamentales en el curso del proceso, siendo: 1ª Observación, incluye la oportunidad de observar al profesor en su ámbito de trabajo, 2ª Coparticipación, entrar en el aula con la ayuda del profesor participando activamente en las clases y poner fin a la 3ª Regencia, a través de las experiencias de intervenciones de los alumnos con los estudiantes con el fin de resolver desafíos a través del uso de tecnologías en la enseñanza. El trabajo aborda un carácter descriptivo cualitativo que relata de manera contextualizada las experiencias vividas en la práctica de la pasantía. Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación Digital (TDIC) en la educación abarcan diversas herramientas, como computadoras, dispositivos móviles, internet, software educativo, plataformas de aprendizaje en línea, recursos digitales, realidad virtual y aumentada, entre otros. La metodología permite a los estudiantes tener esta alfabetización tecnológica de la manera correcta. Nuestras consideraciones vienen a través de las experiencias vividas en el ámbito institucional y en el aula compartiendo nuestro conocimiento de TDIC con profesores y estudiantes.Este trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar as experiências da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado em Computação II, no curso de graduação de Licenciatura em Computação de Coari (NESCOA), da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA). As atividades, foram realizados no Instituto Federal (IFAM) na cidade de Coari – Amazonas. A atual disciplina oferece experiências na área docente, fazendo com que o estagiário tenha que cumprir 03 (três) etapas fundamentais no decorrer do processor, sendo elas: 1ª Observação, inclui a oportunidade de observar o docente no seu âmbito de trabalho, 2ª Coparticipação, adentrando em sala de aula com o auxílio do docente participando ativamente das aulas e pôr fim a 3ª Regência, por meio das experiências de intervenções dos estagiários com os discentes com a  finalidade de solucionar desafios por intermédio do uso das tecnologias no ensino. O trabalho aborda uma natureza descritiva qualitativa as quais relatam de maneira contextualizada as experiências vivenciadas na prática do estágio. As Tecnologia Digitais de Informação e Comunicação, (TDIC) na educação englobam várias ferramentas, como computadores, dispositivos móveis, internet, softwares educacionais, plataformas de aprendizagem online, recursos digitais, realidade virtual e aumentada, entre outros. A metodologia permite que os alunos tenham essa alfabetização tecnológica de maneira correta. Nossas considerações vêm por meio das experiências vivenciadas no âmbito institucional e em sala de aula compartilhando nossos conhecimentos das TDIC com os professores e alunos