Evaluación de la velocidad de viento para parques offshore con telemetría y métodos de previsión estadísticos

El objetivo de este Proyecto Fin de Carrera es la evaluación de distintos métodos estadísticos de modelos autorregresivos integrados de media móvil (ARIMA) para la realización de ensayos de predicción de velocidades del viento en territorios marinos cercanos a la costa. Una vez seleccionado del método que más se aproxime a la realidad se realiza un estudio temporal durante un año y otro estudio espacio- temporal del que se han extraído datos, gráficas e imágenes que hacen más fácil la comprensión de lo expuesto en el proyecto. Los datos de partida del estudio han sido obtenidos del satélite orbital QuickSCAT, el cual ha proporcionado información meteorológica a nivel planetario de la superficie de los océanos y mares a lo largo de la última década. Todos las operaciones del proyecto han sido realizadas utilizando el código R language, herramienta muy potente a la hora de trabajar con grandes bases de de datos. Una de las razones de por las que se ha decidido realizar el proyecto acerca de la energía eólica es por el gran potencial de desarrollo que posee este tipo de energía, ya que a corto plazo la eólica offshore será una de las energías más representativas del planeta y se necesitarán técnicas predictivas para obtener el máximo rendimiento

Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid, Marine ω‐3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α‐linolenic acid (ALA), a plant‐derived ω‐3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω‐3 fatty acids (long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9‐y follow‐up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56–0.92) for all‐cause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58–1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.05) for all‐cause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39–0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29–0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22–1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all‐cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45–0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all‐cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish‐derived long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639

Evaluation of a new didactic method and dictionary for initial second language learning. Application to Latin and German

La idea de este proyecto es aplicar y evaluar la eficacia didáctica de un método innovador para el aprendizaje inicial de lenguas que hace uso de dos diccionarios didáctico digitales uno para latín (http://repositorios.fdi.ucm.es/DiccionarioDidacticoLatin/), y otro para alemán (http://repositorios.fdi.ucm.es/DiccionarioDidacticoAleman/). Estos diccionarios son también novedosos en su organización y contenido lexicográfico y fueron creados en el marco del anterior Proyecto Innova-Docentia 269-2016_17. Tanto el método como los diccionarios están basados en el concepto lingüístico-cognitivo de marcos y valencias. El problema que se aborda es la desmotivación inicial del alumno que encuentra dificultades en el aprendizaje de una nueva lengua, entre otros factores, por la falta de conocimientos lingüísticos suficientes en los que apoyarse. Esta situación se produce, fundamentalmente, en la enseñanza secundaria y en los inicios de los estudios superiores y, en muchos casos, como se ha constatado en la experiencia docente, desemboca en el abandono del aprendizaje en su etapa inicial.The idea of this project is to apply and evaluate the didactic effectiveness of an innovative method for the initial learning of languages that makes use of two digital didactic dictionaries, one for Latin (http://repositorios.fdi.ucm.es/DiccionarioDidacticoLatin/) and another for German (http://repositorios.fdi.ucm.es/DiccionarioDidacticoAleman/). These dictionaries are also novel in their organization and lexicographic content and were created in the framework of the previous Innova-Docentia Project 269-2016_17. Both the method and the dictionaries are based on the linguistic-cognitive concept of frames and valences. The problem addressed is the initial lack of motivation of the student who encounters difficulties in learning a new language, among other factors, due to the lack of sufficient linguistic knowledge on which to rely. This situation occurs, fundamentally, in secondary education and at the beginning of higher education and, in many cases, as it has been observed in the teaching experience and i leads to the withdrawal of learning in its initial stage.Universidad Complutense de MadridFac. de FilologíaFALSEsubmitte

Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Cyclohexene Oxide and Cyclic Anhydrides Catalyzed by Bimetallic Scorpionate Zinc Catalysts

The catalytic activity and high selectivity reported by bimetallic heteroscorpionate acetate zinc complexes in ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) reactions involving CO2 as substrate encouraged us to expand their use as catalysts for ROCOP of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and cyclic anhydrides. Among the catalysts tested for the ROCOP of CHO and phthalic anhydride at different reaction conditions, the most active catalytic system was the combination of complex 3 with bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium as cocatalyst in toluene at 80 °C. Once the optimal catalytic system was determined, the scope in terms of other cyclic anhydrides was broadened. The catalytic system was capable of copolymerizing selectively and efficiently CHO with phthalic, maleic, succinic and naphthalic anhydrides to afford the corresponding polyester materials. The polyesters obtained were characterized by spectroscopic, spectrometric, and calorimetric techniques. Finally, the reaction mechanism of the catalytic system was proposed based on stoichiometric reactions

Un método innovador m-learning para iniciarse en el aprendizaje de lenguas declinables con aplicación al latín y al alemán: difusión, puesta en marcha y evaluación

El objetivo principal del proyecto es facilitar aún más el acceso al aprendizaje de lenguas mediante la creación puesta en marcha y evaluación de un entorno de aprendizaje m-learning (a partir de un entorno e-learning) para iniciarse en el aprendizaje de lenguas declinables, concretamente del latín y el alemán. Con dicho entorno m-learning se conseguirá facilitar el uso de los recursos didácticos digitales de los espacios virtuales creados, conforme a la nueva metodología de aprendizaje para iniciarse en el estudio de nuevas lenguas. Dicha metodología, denominada del rompecabezas, se creó con el fin de ayudar a los estudiantes con dificultades en el aprendizaje a estudiar las nuevas lenguas desde una perspectiva cognitivo-constructivista. Esta nueva forma de entender el funcionamiento de las lenguas demostró, después de varios cursos experimentales, que mejoraba tanto la motivación como los resultados académicos de los estudiantes, especialmente los que mayores dificultades y menor nivel académico tenían

Dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in large cohorts: The SUN and PREDIMED studies

[Background]: Inflammation is known to be related to the leading causes of death including cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression-suicide and other chronic diseases. In the context of whole dietary patterns, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) was developed to appraise the inflammatory potential of the diet. [Objective]: We prospectively assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality in two large Spanish cohorts and valuated the consistency of findings across these two cohorts and results published based on other cohorts.[Design]: We assessed 18,566 participants in the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) cohort followed-up during 188,891 person-years and 6790 participants in the “PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterránea” (PREDIMED) randomized trial representing 30,233 person-years of follow-up. DII scores were calculated in both cohorts from validated FFQs. Higher DII scores corresponded to more proinflammatory diets. A total of 230 and 302 deaths occurred in SUN and PREDIMED, respectively. In a random-effect meta-analysis we included 12 prospective studies (SUN, PREDIMED and 10 additional studies) that assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality.[Results]: After adjusting for a wide array of potential confounders, the comparison between extreme quartiles of the DII showed a positive and significant association with all-cause mortality in both the SUN (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.98; P-trend = 0.004) and the PREDIMED cohort (HR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.02; P-trend = 0.009). In the meta-analysis of 12 cohorts, the DII was significantly associated with an increase of 23% in all-cause mortality (95% CI: 16%–32%, for the highest vs lowest category of DII).[Conclusion]: Our results provide strong and consistent support for the hypothesis that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased all-cause mortality. The SUN cohort and PREDIMED trial were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02669602 and at isrctn.com as ISRCTN35739639, respectively.Supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial (RTIC G03/140, to R.E.; RTIC RD 06/0045, to Miguel A. Martínez-González) and through Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), and by grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC 06/2007), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria–Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Proyecto de Investigación (PI) 04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, P11/02505, PI13/00462, PI13/00615, PI13/01090, PI14/01668, PI14/01798, PI14/01764), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Recursos y teconologia agroalimentarias(AGL)-2009-13906-C02 and AGL2010-22319-C03 and AGL2013-49083-C3-1- R), Fundación Mapfre 2010, the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0105/2007), the Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Generalitat Valenciana (Generalitat Valenciana Ayuda Complementaria (GVACOMP) 06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151), Conselleria de Sanitat y, PI14/01764 AP; Atención Primaria (CS) 2010-AP-111, and CS2011-AP-042), and Regional Government of Navarra (P27/2011).). Drs. Shivappa and Hébert were supported by grant number R44DK103377 from the United States National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases