Contabilidad de los derechos de cobro por ventas de bienes y servicios

En este artículo realizamos un estudio, a partir tanto de la normativa vigente como de las aportaciones doctrinales al tema, del concepto registro contable y valoración de los derechos de cobro que surgen en las ventas de bienes y servicios con pago aplazado, diferenciando entre operaciones de tráfico y ventas de inmovilizado. Analizamos asimismo la contabilidad de los efectos de comercio y el sentido teórico y la plasmación contable de la provisión para insolvencias. Por último, nos detenemos en el registro contable del factoring y del forfaiting

Una Evolución Meta-Analítica de la Relevancia Valorativa de la Cifra de Beneficios

En este trabajo integramos, a través del meta-análisis, los diversos resultados obtenidos en investigaciones previas sobre la relevancia valorativa de la cifra de beneficios. Analizamos para los dos modelos utilizados en esta línea de investigación, precios y rentabilidad, la influencia de diversas variables sobre el coeficiente de respuesta del resultado y el coeficiente de determinación. La evidencia obtenida muestra que el tipo de sistema contable, el periodo analizado y el diseño del modelo de valoración son factores que explican la heterogeneidad de los resultados obtenidos en estudios previos.In this paper we use meta-analysis in order to integrate, in a quantitative way, previous results on the value relevance of earnings. We analyze for stock prices and returns models the influence of several variables on the earnings response coefficient and the coefficient of determination. We obtain evidence that accounting system, sample period, and methodological design are factors which can explain the heterogeneity in previous research

Normalización contable de la banca española en los inicios de la industrialización

El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: en primer lugar, partiendo de todos los balances publicados por los bancos de emisión en la Gaceta de Madrid durante el periodo 1848-1868, proponer una metodología contable para obtener un modelo de balance normalizado externo aplicable a la banca de emisión durante esta etapa del desarrollo del sistema financiero español; en segundo lugar, analizar la evolución de la estructura patrimonial del conjunto de la banca de emisión durante el periodo 1848-1868 para evaluar el grado de modernización de la estructura económica y de la estructura financiera que tuvo lugar en estos años, así como la repercusión de la crisis de 1866 en los componentes del patrimonio. El análisis de los balances publicados muestra que la estructura económica evolucionó hacia situaciones de menor liquidez, destinando recursos ociosos hacia activos más rentables. En lo que respecta a la estructura financiera, no se produjo una sustitución de fondos propios por ajenos, destacando la tendencia decreciente de las cuentas corrientes y la caída en la circulación de billetes.The aim of this paper is twofold: first, we propose a methodology to harmonize all the balance sheets published in the Madrid Gazette by the banks of issue during the first stages of the development of the Spanish financial system; and second, based on this methodology we analyse the composition and evolution of these balance sheets in the period 1848-1868 in order to assess the degree of development of asset and liability structures, and the effect of the crisis of 1866. The analysis of the balance sheets shows that asset structure became less liquid over time due to the allocation of spare resources to more profitable investments. As regards the composition of liabilities, there was an increase of equity, and a decrease of current accounts and notes in circulation along the period

Acquisition of financial management skills in the new framework for adaptation to the EHEA. Póster

One of the main consequences of adapting to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is the replacement of traditional teaching methods, based almost entirely on the lecture, with new methodologies where active participation on the part of the students is a key part of the teaching-learning process. It is, therefore, of interest to offer empirical evidence showing that the new teaching methods employed really do serve to improve the results of the students in the acquisition of skills. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to assess the results obtained from bringing in the new EHEA, compared to those obtained under the traditional teaching system. With the above aim in mind, we analysed the results from the two existing groups of students studying Financial Management I of the Degree in Business Administration and Management (academic year 2009-10) at the Faculty of Economics and Business of the University of Murcia. The first group comprised students who had followed the course under the traditional lecture-based teaching system. The second group was made up of students taking part in the innovation project being run by the Faculty of Economics and Business. EHEA teaching methodologies and materials have been employed in the second group. Besides the lecture and the practical class, the following teaching methodologies have been employed: problem-based learning, workshops on problems, group tutorials, group work and participative models. The first group was assessed purely on the basis of an end of semester examination, while in the case of the second group, the final examination counted for 60% of the mark, 30% corresponded to individual work and group practical work and 10% to participation in class and responses to questions posed by the teacher. It should be highlighted that the final examination was the same for both groups, so the comparison o results is free of bias in that aspect. The results show that higher percentage of passes in the group with innovative teaching – 93.75% versus 48.19% in the lecture-based class group. The average grade was also higher – 7.08 over 10 versus 4.52 over 10. These differences are significant (t statistic 6.382 for the means difference test). In order to rule out the possibility of these better results being due to the assessment awarded for the non similar parts of the examination, a comparison was also made of the marks obtained exclusively in the examination common to both groups. While the number of passes (75%) and the average mark of the group in the innovative method (6 over 10) fall, the results remain significantly better than those of the lecture-based classes group (t statistic for the difference in mean marks was 2.485).Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

Una Evaluación Meta-Analítica de la Relevancia Valorativa de la Cifra de Beneficios: A Meta-Analysis Aproach Upon the Value Relevance Earnings

In this paper we use meta-analysis in order to integrate, in a quantitative way, previous results on the value relevance of earnings. We analyze for stock prices and returns models the influence of several variables on the earnings response coefficient and the coefficient of determination. We obtain evidence that accounting system, sample period, and methodological design are factors which can explain the heterogeneity in previous research.En este trabajo integramos, a través del meta-análisis, los diversos resultados obtenidos en investigaciones previas sobre la relevancia valorativa de la cifra de beneficios. Analizamos para los dos modelos utilizados en esta línea de investigación, precios y rentabilidad, la influencia de diversas variables sobre el coeficiente de respuesta del resultado y el coeficiente de determinación. La evidencia obtenida muestra que el tipo de sistema contable, el periodo analizado y el diseño del modelo de valoración son factores que explican la heterogeneidad de los resultados obtenidos en estudios previos

Normalización contable de la banca española en los inicios de la industrialización

The aim of this paper is twofold: first, we propose a methodology to harmonize all the balance sheets published in the Madrid Gazette by the banks of issue during the first stages of the development of the Spanish financial system; and second, based on this methodology we analyse the composition and evolution of these balance sheets in the period 1848-1868 in order to assess the degree of development of asset and liability structures, and the effect of the crisis of 1866. The analysis of the balance sheets shows that asset structure became less liquid over time due to the allocation of spare resources to more profitable investments. As regards the composition of liabilities, there was an increase of equity, and a decrease of current accounts and notes in circulation along the period.El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: en primer lugar, partiendo de todos los balances publicados por los bancos de emisión en la Gaceta de Madrid durante el periodo 1848-1868, proponer una metodología contable para obtener un modelo de balance normalizado externo aplicable a la banca de emisión durante esta etapa del desarrollo del sistema financiero español; en segundo lugar, analizar la evolución de la estructura patrimonial del conjunto de la banca de emisión durante el periodo 1848-1868 para evaluar el grado de modernización de la estructura económica y de la estructura financiera que tuvo lugar en estos años, así como la repercusión de la crisis de 1866 en los componentes del patrimonio. El análisis de los balances publicados muestra que la estructura económica evolucionó hacia situaciones de menor liquidez, destinando recursos ociosos hacia activos más rentables. En lo que respecta a la estructura financiera, no se produjo una sustitución de fondos propios por ajenos, destacando la tendencia decreciente de las cuentas corrientes y la caída en la circulación de billetes

El cumplimento de los ODS y sus efectos en la rentabilidad económica en la empresa cotizada española

This paper presents a triple objective for a sample of listed Spanish companies. In the first place, this study aims to understand the implication of Spanish companies in the monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Second, to know the main characteristics of the companies that follow a greater compliance with them. Finally, the study also examines the association between the disclosure of the SDGs in sustainability reports and the profitability of the Spanish company, exploring whether the companies involved in the presentation of SDG reports create greater value through greater transparency and commitment to society. Using a sample of Spanish listed companies for the period 2015-2017, made up of 318 observations, the results show that companies belonging to regulated sectors with high social impact, larger and with a better financial situation, are those that show greater concern about the disclosure of information on monitoring the SDGs. Our results show that this SDG disclosure by large listed Spanish companies does not have an immediate effect on short-term business profitability term.Este trabajo presenta un triple objetivo para una muestra de empresas españolas cotizadas. En primer lugar, el presente estudio pretende conocer la implicación de las empresas españolas en el seguimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS), y, en segundo lugar, conocer las principales características de las empresas que siguen un mayor cumplimiento de estos. Finalmente, el estudio además somete a examen la asociación entre la divulgación de los ODS en las memorias de sostenibilidad y la rentabilidad de la empresa española, explorando si las empresas involucradas en la presentación de informes de los ODS crean un mayor valor mediante su mayor transparencia y compromiso con la sociedad. Haciendo uso de una muestra de empresas cotizadas españolas para el periodo 2015-2017, compuesta por 318 observaciones, los resultados muestran que las empresas pertenecientes a sectores regulados y de alto impacto social, de mayor tamaño y con una mejor situación financiera, son las que muestran una mayor preocupación por la revelación de información sobre seguimiento de los ODS. A pesar del retorno positivo en la sociedad, en la economía y en el medio ambiente que tiene el seguimiento de los ODS, nuestros resultados evidencian que esta revelación de información por parte de las grandes empresas españolas cotizadas no tiene un efecto inmediato en la rentabilidad empresarial a corto plazo

¿Mejoran los resultados con los nuevos instrumentos de evaluación de las asignaturas?

La puesta en marcha de los planes de estudios del plan Bolonia ha supuesto un cambio en los criterios de evaluación de las asignaturas de Contabilidad Financiera, impartidas en el primer curso del grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas (ADE) de la Universidad de Murcia. El objeto de este trabajo consiste en determinar si la introducción de estos nuevos criterios ha supuesto un factor de cambio: a) en la calificación final de la asignatura, y b) en los conocimientos adquiridos (medidos a través de la prueba teórico-práctica final). Para analizar el primer objetivo comparamos, por un lado, los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos de las asignaturas Contabilidad Financiera I y II del grado en ADE durante los cursos académicos 2009/2010 y 2010/2011 con los obtenidos en las asignaturas de Contabilidad Financiera de la Licenciatura en ADE y la Diplomatura en Ciencias Empresariales en los dos cursos académicos inmediatamente anteriores: 2007/2008 y 2008/2009. Y para analizar el segundo objetivo comparamos la nota final (valorada sobre 10) de la prueba teórico-práctica de las asignaturas Contabilidad Financiera I y Contabilidad Financiera II en los cursos 2009/2010 y 2010/2011, con la nota final (valorada sobre 10) de dichas asignaturas en los cursos 2007/2008 y 2008/2009, con el fin de estudiar si los criterios adicionales de valoración influyen en la nota final a igualdad de conocimientos respecto a cursos anteriores. Los resultados evidencian una mejora de las calificaciones de los alumnos con los nuevos criterios de evaluación.Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Universidad de Murcia, Región de Murci

Current clinical spectrum of common variable immunodeficiency in Spain: The multicentric nationwide GTEM-SEMI-CVID registry

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) constitutes a heterogenic group of primary immunodeficiency disorders with a wide-ranging clinical spectrum. CVID-associated non-infectious morbidity constitutes a major challenge requiring a full understanding of its pathophysiology and its clinical importance and global variability, especially considering the broad clinical, genetic, and regional heterogeneity of CVID disorders. This work aimed to develop a nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study over a 3-year period describing epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, therapeutic, and prognostic features of 250 CVID patients in Spain. The mean diagnostic delay was around 10 years and most patients initially presented with infectious complications followed by non-infectious immune disorders. However, infectious diseases were not the main cause of morbimortality. Non-infectious lung disease was extraordinarily frequent in our registry affecting approximately 60% of the patients. More than one-third of the patients in our cohort showed lymphadenopathies and splenomegaly in their follow-up, and more than 33% presented immune cytopenias, especially Evans' syndrome. Gastrointestinal disease was observed in more than 40% of the patients. Among biopsied organs in our cohort, benign lymphoproliferation was the principal histopathological alteration. Reaching 15.26%, the global prevalence of cancer in our registry was one of the highest reported to date, with non-Hodgkin B lymphoma being the most frequent. These data emphasize the importance of basic and translational research delving into the pathophysiological pathways involved in immune dysregulation and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration. This would reveal new tailored strategies to reduce immune complications, and the associated healthcare burden, and ensure a better quality of life for CVID patients

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group