Crecimiento, modernización y desigualdad regional. La Belle Époque argentina / Growth, modernization and regional inequality. The Belle Époque of Argentina

El período 1880-1914 de la historia de Argentina ha sido resaltado por la historiografía como una etapa de modernización y por el gran crecimiento económico del país. Este proceso puede resumirse en una serie de  variables que  han sido destacadas en esta descripción: el gran crecimiento de la población; las oleadas de inmigración;  el crecimiento de las ciudades, la ampliación del tendido del ferrocarril y el adelanto de las comunicaciones; y las  mejoras  en la educación y en el bienestar general. Por último, y quizás lo que más ha sido enfatizado, el crecimiento económico. Estos indicadores se analizan, primero a nivel nacional y luego por provincias, con el fin de contrastar si los “años dorados” argentina sirvió para homogenizar en términos económicos y de bienestar a las diferentes regiones del  país. Para esto se utiliza  información brindada por fuentes primarias y secundarias, mientras que el crecimiento económico es abordado a través las finanzas públicas provinciales.The period 1880-1914 of the of the history of Argentina has been highlighted by the historiography as a stage of modernization and by the great economic growth of the country.  This process can be summarized in a series of variables that have been highlighted in this description :the great growth of the population; the big waves of immigration; the growth of the cities, the extension of the laying of the railroad and the advance of the communications; and the improvements in the education and in the general well-being. Finally, and probably what more has been emphasized, the economic growth. These indicators are analyzed, first first nationally and then by provinces, in order to contrast if the " años dorados " served to homogenize in economic terms and of well-being to the different regions of the country. For this, the research used information provided by primary and secondary sources, while economic growth is addressed through provincials public finances

Growth, modernization and regional inequality: the Belle Époque of Argentina

El período 1880-1914 de la historia de Argentina ha sido resaltado por la historiografía como una etapa de modernización y por el gran crecimiento económico del país. Este proceso puede resumirse en una serie de variables que han sido destacadas en esta descripción: el gran crecimiento de la población; las oleadas de inmigración; el crecimiento de las ciudades, la ampliación del tendido del ferrocarril y el adelanto de las comunicaciones; y las mejoras en la educación y en el bienestar general. Por último, y quizás lo que más ha sido enfatizado, el crecimiento económico. Estos indicadores se analizan, primero a nivel nacional y luego por provincias, con el fin de contrastar si los “años dorados” argentina sirvió para homogenizar en términos económicos y de bienestar a las diferentes regiones del país. Para esto se utiliza información brindada por fuentes primarias y secundarias, mientras que el crecimiento económico es abordado a través las finanzas públicas provinciales.The period 1880-1914 of the of the history of Argentina has been highlighted by the historiography as a stage of modernization and by the great economic growth of the country. This process can be summarized in a series of variables that have been highlighted in this description :the great growth of the population; the big waves of immigration; the growth of the cities, the extension of the laying of the railroad and the advance of the communications; and the improvements in the education and in the general well-being. Finally, and probably what more has been emphasized, the economic growth. These indicators are analyzed, first first nationally and then by provinces, in order to contrast if the " años dorados " served to homogenize in economic terms and of well-being to the different regions of the country. For this, the research used information provided by primary and secondary sources, while economic growth is addressed through provincials public finances.Fil: Sánchez, Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani"; Argentin

A virtual power plant model for time-driven power flow calculations

This paper presents the implementation of a custom-made virtual power plant model in OpenDSS. The goal is to develop a model adequate for time-driven power flow calculations in distribution systems. The virtual power plant is modeled as the aggregation of renewable generation and energy storage connected to the distribution system through an inverter. The implemented operation mode allows the virtual power plant to act as a single dispatchable generation unit. The case studies presented in the paper demonstrate that the model behaves according to the specified control algorithm and show how it can be incorporated into the solution scheme of a general parallel genetic algorithm in order to obtain the optimal day-ahead dispatch. Simulation results exhibit a clear benefit from the deployment of a virtual power plant when compared to distributed generation based only on renewable intermittent generation.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Reliability analysis of distribution systems with photovoltaic generation using a power flow simulator and a parallel Monte Carlo approach

This paper presents a Monte Carlo approach for reliability assessment of distribution systems with distributed generation using parallel computing. The calculations are carried out with a royalty-free power flow simulator, OpenDSS (Open Distribution System Simulator). The procedure has been implemented in an environment in which OpenDSS is driven from MATLAB. The test system is an overhead distribution system represented by means of a three-phase model that includes protective devices. The paper details the implemented procedure, which can be applied to systems with or without distributed generation, includes an illustrative case study and summarizes the results derived from the analysis of the test system during one year. The goal is to evaluate the test system performance considering different scenarios with different level of system automation and reconfiguration, and assess the impact that distributed photovoltaic generation can have on that performance. Several reliability indices, including those related to the impact of distributed generation, are obtained for every scenario.Postprint (published version

A Solid State Transformer model for power flow calculations

This paper presents the implementation of a Solid State Transformer (SST) model in OpenDSS. The goal is to develop a SST model that could be useful for assessing the impact that the replacement of the conventional iron-and-copper transformer with the SST can have on the distribution system performance. Test distribution systems of different characteristics and size have been simulated during different time periods. The simulations have been carried out assuming voltage-dependent loads and considering that power flow through either the HV/MV substation transformer or any of the MV/LV distribution transformers can be bidirectional. Simulation results prove that a positive impact should be expected on voltages at both MV and LV levels, but the efficiency of current SST designs should be improved.Postprint (author's final draft

Students’ perspectives on teaching spanish as a foreign language

"This study attempts to understand the students’ perspectives about teaching Spanish as a foreign language. This study was carried out at a public university in a faculty of modern languages which has an English language teaching program. The study is focused specifically on Spanish for foreigners’ optional courses. This thesis first analyzed statistical data given by LEI coordination. In a second stage questionnaires answered by students who are taking or had taken Spanish for foreigners’ optional courses are presented in order to support the research questions related to their opinions. At the end of the process the information is evaluated, and results show us students’ perspectives. Also, to know about some other perspectives on the same area that other students had when they took Spanish for foreigners’ optional courses. Did they have the same perspective I had or different ones? This study set out to examine this factor. The findings also included comments from participants when they were taking optional courses and their interest in teaching the Spanish language. Finally, the results and implications are described within this thesis.

Monthly suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Japan

This paper uses 2018–2020 prefecture–month–year, gender–month–year, and age group–month–year level data on suicide rates in Japan to document how suicide rates are evolving during the COVID-19 pandemic. I use a monthly event study design to study changes in suicide rates surrounding Japan\u27s COVID-19 state of emergency and to trace out monthly changes in suicide rates during the first 11 months of 2020 relative to 2018–2019. I find that monthly suicide rates during the pandemic started increasing meaningfully in June–July 2020. I find that women experienced greater increases in suicide rates than men, relative to their 2018–2019 average suicide rate, and that women experienced the largest increase in suicide rates in October 2020. I also find descriptive evidence that in terms of suicide, individuals under 30 years old were faring worse during the pandemic

Variation in reported hospital cash prices across the United States and how they compare to reported payer-specific negotiated rates [post-print]

There is little empirical evidence on the hospital “cash” prices that self-paying patients (e.g., self-paying uninsured patients) face, and little empirical evidence of how these hospital cash prices compare to payer-specific negotiated rates. To address this gap in the literature, I use new data from U.S. hospitals on their reported cash prices and payer-specific negotiated rates for fourteen “shoppable” hospital services that are subject to mandated disclosure under a new federal rule that took effect on January 1, 2021. I find that the cash prices reported by hospitals for these services vary meaningfully across the United States. For example, hospitals with brain MRI cash prices in the 90th percentile of the distribution of my data have cash prices 7.9 times more expensive than hospitals in the 10th percentile. I also find that it is common for the reported cash price to be lower than several payer-specific negotiated rates within a given hospital. For example, for a given private payer (e.g. Aetna, Cigna), the share of reported payer-specific negotiated rates that are higher than the cash price within the same hospital ranges from 41.0 to 57.3 percent. These findings raise further questions about how hospitals decide to price services for the self-pay uninsured population and how these cash pricing decisions compare to transaction rates they negotiate with other payers